Dingley, J.M. 1969: Records of plant diseases in New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin. 192.
Details
Details
Dingley, J.M. 1969: Records of plant diseases in New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin. 192.
Book
Taxonomic concepts
Gnomonia bullata B.J. Murray (1926)
Polyopeus purpureus var. versus sensu Brien (1934)
Septoria graminum sensu G. Cunn. (1927)
Associations
View full associations recordhas host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
has host
Descriptions
This leaf spot on nasturtiums is common in the North Island.
Aecidia are formed on undersurfaces of leaves of a number of species of Celmisia; the hosts and the rust are endemic and mainly confined to alpine herb fields in the South Island of New Zealand.
An Australian species recorded by Cunningham (1928) on five subalpine species of Hebe endemic to New Zealand: also on H. stricta (Cunningham, 1945a) and on the Australian species Veronica plebeja (Cunningham, 1945a), which is naturalised in New Zealand. It occurs sporadically in both the North and the South Islands. It causes considerable distortion to leaves of the host. It has never been observed on Hebe sp. in cultivation.
An endemic species recorded by Cunningham (1928) on subalpine endemic species of Hebe from the South Island; he stated that unlike Aecidium disciforme the mycelium of the rust is not systemic.
This rust is known only from a single collection on an endemic host from Mt. Hector in the Wellington Province.
Although the rust occurs in both Australia and New Zealand these host species are endemic to New Zealand; the rust is recorded only from alpine herb fields in the South Island, but the host, Pratia angulata, is widely distributed throughout New Zealand.
Both rust and host are endemic to New Zealand. Cunningham (1931a) described rust pustules as causing angular discoloured lesions on leaves. It is common on Aristotelia in both the North and the South Islands from Taranaki southward.
McNabb recently recorded this rust from New Zealand. He followed MacAlpine (1906) in considering that the host of the type collection from Tasmania had been misidentified; the type needs further investigation, as Hooker (1867) listed it as a Colenso collection from New Zealand, not Tasmania. Cunningham (1931a) listed this species as an excluded species.
This endemic rust fungus is associated with fusiform stem cankers. Cunningham (1931a) described them as "witches brooms"; originally it was described only from the endemic Myoporum laetum, but recently it has been found infecting the Australian species M. acuminatum. It is not uncommon in Hawke's Bay and Wellington in the North Island and Marlborough in the South Island and may cause minor damage, especially when Myoporum is used for shelter hedges.
Rust pustules are formed on leaves only; it is recorded from a single tree in the Tararua Ra., Wellington Province.
The rust was described by Lindsay (1867) from "C. hexasepala". Kirk (1908) recorded it on cultivated plants of some of the indigenous species. Cunningham (1931a) noted that the type is no longer in existence and that it has not since been collected on this host. It causes considerable distortion to stems, petioles, leaves, and dowers on indigenous species of Clematis. It is common throughout New Zealand.
Both host and rust are endemic. This rust is limited in its distribution to subalpine areas in both North and South Islands. Cunningham (1931 a) separated it from aecidial stages of other rusts recorded on Olearia by its hyaline reticulate spores.
This rust was described from Australia. Cunningham (1924a) described it from New Zealand on endemic species of Plantago (P. spathulata). In 1928 he recorded that it also occurred on P. triantha, a species that also occurs in Australia. The rust is found only in the South Island.
Cunningham (1924a) recorded this collection under Aecidium ranunculacearum DC.; Cunningham (1930; 1931 a) recognised A. ranunculus-depressus as a separate endemic species. It is known only from the type collection.
Cunningham (1924a) recorded this rust under Aecidium ranunculacearum DC. In 1930 and 1931a he referred collections on these endemic species of Ranunculus to A. ranunculi-insignis. It is common on endemic alpine species of Ranunculus throughout New Zealand.
Cunningham (1924a) records Aecidium raunculacearum on this endemic host but later (1931 a) he described it as a separate species. This rust is common wherever Ranunculus lyallii occurs.
This rust is an endemic species recorded from an endemic host; it occurs only in Canterbury and Westland.
Both the rust and host plant are endemic. The rust is recorded only from the type locality.
This endemic rust causes leaf and stem distortions in the endemic alpine species of Caltha. It occurs in both the North and South Islands.
Arnold and Brien (1961) recorded "fairy rings" on greens and fairways of golf courses caused by mycelium of Agaricus campestris smothering grass roots and killing the plants. it is of minor economic importance.
This cosmopolitan species was first recorded in New Zealand by Colenso (1880). Cunningham (1922a) recorded it as causing a disease on cabbage leaves. Baker (1955a) described this fungus from New Zealand on 14 hosts. Lepidium ruderale is the only host endemic to New Zealand. Cleome spinosa is the only host that does not belong to Cruciferae. It is common throughout New Zealand but of minor economic importance. It may cause considerable damage when it attacks flower heads and seed capsules of seed crops of crucifers.
Baker (1955a) described this fungus from New Zealand. In summer months white rust is always present on this weed host in the Auckland area.
White rust is common in the North Island on leaves and stems of Centaurium erythraea, a common introduced weed. Unfortunately this fungus species quickly infected Orphium frutescens, a South African shrub, when it was introduced into gardens in Auckland. The author is indebted to Miss Waterhouse of the Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England, for examining North American material of Albugo swertiae identified by Wilson, which she found to be comparable to the Australian species A. centauri.
Albugo tragopogonis is common on a number of indigenous and introduced herbaceous host plants belonging to Compositae. It was of minor economic importance; in 1960 it became common on Gerbera sp. especially when grown in nursery beds. Little if any control is obtained by spraying infected plants with fungicides, but varieties of Gerbera sp. have now been selected that are resistant to white rust (Say, 1963). It occasionally attacks seedlings of cineraria (S. cruentus).
The author is indebted to Miss Waterhouse of the Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, for examining material of Albugo mesembryanthemi and comparing it with South African and North American species of Albugo infecting members of the Aizoaceae; she concluded that this New Zealand species was synonymous with A. trianthemae from North America. Baker (1955a) stated that white rust on cultivated mesembryanthemums is common throughout the North Island and the northern part of the South Island of New Zealand, especially in winter and early spring. The host Disphyma australe is endemic to New Zealand, whilst other host species are common cultigens grown as rock plants in the frost-free regions of New Zealand.
Both Kidd (1929) and Brien (1934) described Alternaria tenuis as a storage rot of apples; it is also found associated with discrete lesions on unripe fruits. Morton (1964) described it as a saprophyte on Arthropodium cirrhatum, Beta vulgaris, Brassica napus var. napobrassica, B. oleracea var. botrytis, B. oleracea var. capitata, B. rapa, Callistephus chinensis, Daucus carota var. saliva, Hibiscus esculentus, Lolium perenne, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago sativa, Pyrus communis, Ribes uva crispa var. saliva, Solanum nigrum, S. tuberosum, Trifolium repens, Triticum aestivum, and Ulex europeus. It is of minor economic importance.
Morton (1964) recorded that Alternaria brassicae was associated with leaf lesions on the introduced cultigens, cabbage, cauliflower, chou mollier, Swedes, and turnips. It may also cause "damping off" of brassica seedlings. As the fungus is seed borne it has probably been introduced into New Zealand with seeds of the host. It is of minor economic importance.
Morton (1964) recorded Alternaria brassicicola as a primary pathogen on leaves of cabbage, cauliflower, and chou mollier. He also recorded it from seed of chou mollier and cauliflower. It is of only minor economic importance.
In New Zealand Alternaria citri is recorded as causing scabbing and discolouration of fruit of new zealand grapefruit; it may be a primary pathogen on leaves of citronelle and may occur associated with an internal rot of sweet oranges. Copper sprays applied to control Phytophthora fruit rot will also control this fungus. It is of only minor economic importance in citrus in New Zealand.
Robinson (1957b) noted that Alternaria spp. may cause leaf lesions and "damping off" in seedlings of annual carnations. It is of minor economic importance.
Leaf lesions caused by Alternaria longipes occur only late in season in tobacco crops in Motueka, Nelson. In New Zealand it is of only minor economic importance in this crop.
Brien (1940a) stated that Alternaria passiflorae was established in passion vines in Kerikeri, North Auckland, by 1936. It quickly spread to Auckland, Tauranga, Gisborne, and Palmerston North. The disease is known locally as brown spot. In commercial crops it may be of considerable economic importance, especially in winter months. Everett (1949) recommended the application of copper sprays for its control. Fletcher (1959a) stated that zineb or maneb sprays will also give control of this disease.
In some glasshouse crops of cucumbers in Auckland and North Auckland this fungus is reported damaging leaves, sometimes causing considerable crop losses. Dingley (1960b) misidentified this fungus as Alternaria cucumerina, which differs in that conidia are shorter, often without beaks, and are rarely formed in chains.
This fungus is recorded from a single collection, where it was associated with a leaf spot on leek seedlings in Auckland. It is of minor economic importance.
It is recorded associated with a leaf spot of young seedling radishes. It has also been isolated from seed of stock. It is of little economic importance.
Collections of this fungus indicate that it occurs as a seedling blight of cineraria, suggesting that it has been introduced with seed of the host. It is of minor economic importance. July (1964) suggests that this species is a synonym of Alternaria cinerariae Hori and Enjoji.
Early blight of potatoes and tomatoes caused by Alternaria solani is more common in the southern part of the North Island and in the South Island than in the Auckland Province. Atkinson et al. (1949) described the disease; Blair (1957) recorded an outbreak of tomato wilt due to Alternaria solani in the Christchurch area. It is controlled by fungicides applied to control Phytophthora infestans; where fungicides are not applied as a routine programme it may cause considerable damage.
Purple angular blotches caused by Alternaria sonchi are common on sow thistles during winter and early spring, especially in the Auckland area.
In New Zealand it is found associated with "damping off" of seedlings; in wet seasons it will cause a leaf spot and a flower rot. As the disease is seed borne, it has been introduced into New Zealand with seed of the host. It is of minor economic importance.
Clark, A. F., (1933) recorded that a fungus was also associated with the death of trees resulting from a heavy infestation of the Sirex wood wasp (Sirex noctilio). Rawlings and Wilson (1949) demonstrated that this wood wasp also inoculated unthrifty pine trees with a pathogenic fungus (when it laid its eggs). This ftmgus was shown by King (1966) to be identical with Amylostereum chailletii (Fr.) Boidin. Gilmour (1965a) recorded that between 1946-51 many pine trees in plantations in South Auckland were killed by this fungus and wood wasp.
Black root rot of radishes was reported by Wenham (1960) to be common in the Manawatu area; he stated that, of the varieties commonly growing in this area, `French Breakfast' proved to be resistant to the disease. It has since been observed in most districts in Nenv Zealand on this common cultigen. It is of minor economic importance.
It is common throughout Neav Zealand on Foliage of Aquilegia, especially in late autumn.
During a survey carried out in the season 1952-53 Ascochyta avenae was commonly associated with leaf lesions. It is of minor economic importance. Cunningham (1927f) included this fungus under Septoria graminum Desm.
In Auckland, Ascochyta caricae has been found on several occasions to be associated with a fruit rot of mature fruits, sometimes accompanied by a leaf spot. Figs are rarely grown as a commercial crop and are rarely sprayed with any fungicide.
In New Zealand this fungus is commonly found associated with bark blotch of lemon trees. Brien (1931a, 1931b) showed it to be a wound pathogen of stems, leaves, and fruits of lemons. Nottage (1943) and Everett (1945) stated that it was associated with damage caused by the lemon-tree borer beetle (Aemano hirta). Bailey (1953) described the disease and discussed its importance and control. It is present in most citrus-growing areas in New Zealand. In some orchards it can be of considerable economic importance.
Brien and Dingley (1951) recorded this fungus in error as Ascochyta betacea. It is associated with large zonate lesions on leaves of Cyphomandra. Fletcher (1952) stated that in commercial plantings the disease is of only minor economic importance.
The fungus causes a leaf spot [of Dahlia]. It is of no economic importance, as it occurs only in the late season when plants are spent.
Brien et al. (1955) recorded it as causing a leaf spot of broad beans. They noted that it occasionally attacked stems and pods. It is of little economic importance and may be controlled with copper sprays. In recent years copper has been replaced by the newer organic fungicides.
The fungus Ascochyta gerberae could in fact be an immature form of Septoria gerbera; leaf lesions are similar. Cultural studies will be necessary to substantiate this point. It is of no economic importance, as it rarely occurs in commercial plantings when this ornamental is grown for cut flowers.
Brien et al. (1955) showed that this fungus was associated with lesions on pods and leaves. It sometimes occurs on stems, where it may cause a collar rot. Curtis (1923) showed it to be associated with a collar rot in lupins. It may cause considerable damage in pea crops. As the disease is seed borne, seed should be saved only from disease-free crops and should be dusted with a fungicide prior to sowing.
In the North Island, especially in Auckland, this fungus is found associated with small disease lesions on leaf blades and petioles of rhubarb. It is common in late autumn and spring-in the South Island it has been recorded from Nelson. It is of economic importance, as infected stalks are unmarketable.
Latch (1965, 1966a) recorded Ascochyta sorghi on these six introduced grasses; he stated that it occurs mostly during the winter period. It is of little economic importance.
Lesions were formed on leaves of young citrus seedlings in a nursery in Auckland in 1950; other records have shown this leaf infection to be associated with frost or wind damage. In sweet peas it was found associated with stem and leaf lesions.
This leaf spot is known only from a single collection.
Brien, Chamberlain et al. (1959) recorded this common mould fungus as causing a storage rot of onions. It occurs as a saprophyte on a number of hosts. It is occasionally of economic importance.
Sooty blotch on leaves of Geniostoma is common, especially in the Auckland Province.
Leaf scorch on red clover occasionally occurs throughout New Zealand. It is rarely of economic importance.
Downy mildew on this introduced weed Erigeron canadensis is common, especially in the Auckland Province. Jafar (1959) reported that it caused considerable damage to Felicia, an introduced cultigen growing as a border plant in the Auckland area.
Bipolaris ravenelii attacks seed heads of this grass, especially the heads formed late in the summer season. It is common throughout New Zealand on this common introduced grass species.
A few infected tubers were found in the sprouting beds of sweet potatoes in Avondale, Auckland, in November 1963. This common tropical fungus has not been reported from any other locality. It is often present on tropical fruits, tubers of Ipomoea, and roots of Colocasia imported from Pacific islands.
This fungus is found associated with dieback of apples, currants, and roses. It is of minor economic importance.
In New Zealand it is a wound pathogen causing the disease commonly known as black rot (Cunningham, 1925a). Cunningham (1925a) recorded it as causing a leaf spot and a fruit rot, but stem cankers are formed only following some injury to the bark. It is especially common on apple trees. It is of economic importance in the apple-growing areas, especially in the South Island.
In New Zealand it is a wound pathogen causing the disease commonly known as black rot (Cunningham, 1925a). Cunningham (1925a) recorded it as causing a leaf spot and a fruit rot, but stem cankers are formed only following some injury to the bark. It is especially common on apple trees. It is of economic importance in the apple-growing areas, especially in the South Island.
Brier et al. (1959) recorded this fungus as causing a bulb rot of onions especially it storage. In wet seasons it is of considerable economic importance especially in the Pukekohe area near Auckland. Wilson (1966) recommended that all infected bulbs from the preceding year's crop should be destroyed. As there is evidence that the fungus is seed borne, seed should be dusted before planting. Lawes (1967) stressed the importance of storing only dry, well cured bulbs; he also noted that the store should be well ventilated.
Botrytis byssoidea occurs with B. allii and also causes a bulb rot of mature bulbs. Its importance to New Zealand has never been assessed.
In New Zealand Botrytis cinerea can be of considerable economic importance. Throughout the country high humidities are experienced with moderate temperatures. These conditions are ideal for the growth of this fungus, and in some seasons it may cause considerable damage to horticultural crops. It is reported to be responsible for "damping off" of seedlings and stem end rot of tobacco in Nelson (McLeod and Thomson 1958), and for "damping off" of seedlings and rot of mature heads of lettuce (Brier, Dye, et al. 1957). It has also been found on linen flax (Brien, 1946a), and on lupins in Nelson (Curbs, 1923). Birch (1937b) and Gilmour and Orman (1956) reported B. cinerea damaging seedlings in nursery beds of Arucaria, Cupressus macrocarpa, Eucalyptus spp., Pinus radiata, Pseudotseuga menziesii, Sequoia sempervirens, and Thuja plicata. It is responsible for dieback of Citrus spp., passionfruit, persimmons, crepe myrtle (Lagerstroemia), and Jasminium. Flower heads of begonias, cyclamen, roses, and sweet peas are damaged by the fungus, especially after heavy rain. It is reported as a problem in packing violets for market (Marcussen, 1964). Botrytis is reported to damage flowers of Citrus spp. at Kerikeri (Anon., 1957d).
In glasshouse crops, flowers of cucumbers can be spoilt by Botrytis (Coleman and Gillard, 1958); Newhook and Davison (1956 a, b, c) reported that with the introduction of hormone fruit-setting sprays, B. cinerea became a problem in winter glasshouse crops of tomatoes, and they suggested the incorporation of a fungicide such as thiram with the hormone spray. Botrytis cinerea is reported to cause considerable losses of fruit of strawberries (Anon., 1957b; Wilson, D. W., 1963), gooseberries (Davey 1945), grapes (Berry-Smith, 1959), and currants and raspberries. It is also reported as an important storage rot of apples and pears (Padfield, 1954).
In glasshouse crops, flowers of cucumbers can be spoilt by Botrytis (Coleman and Gillard, 1958); Newhook and Davison (1956 a, b, c) reported that with the introduction of hormone fruit-setting sprays, B. cinerea became a problem in winter glasshouse crops of tomatoes, and they suggested the incorporation of a fungicide such as thiram with the hormone spray. Botrytis cinerea is reported to cause considerable losses of fruit of strawberries (Anon., 1957b; Wilson, D. W., 1963), gooseberries (Davey 1945), grapes (Berry-Smith, 1959), and currants and raspberries. It is also reported as an important storage rot of apples and pears (Padfield, 1954).
Blossom rot and leaf spot caused by Botrytis elliptica have been recorded from Palmerston North in the North Island and Christchurch in the South. Doak (1950) noted that the varieties Lilium candidum, L. speciosum, L. testaceum, and L. willmottiae are susceptible to Botrytis, whereas Lilium regale is resistant to the disease.
Brien, Chamberlain et al. (1955) included this fungus under Botrytis cinerea. In some seasons it is troublesome on broad bean crops subjected to severe climate conditions in early spring, causing "chocolate spot" on leaves, stems, and pods. It is recorded from Auckland, Hastings, and Nelson, where in wet seasons it can cause crop losses. Wallace (1962) suggested sprays with the organic fungicides P.C.N.B. and captan for its control.
Dingley (1961) stated that early records of Botrytis cinerea on Gladiolus sp. are characteristic of B. gladiolorum. Salinger (1965a) recorded it as a corm rot of Gladiolus. As in other countries it may also cause a leaf spot and flower rot. It is especially common in spring in the more humid parts of New Zealand, where it may cause considerable damage to flower crops, especially of Freesia and Ixia.
Tulip fire caused by Botrytis occurs in most parts of New Zealand. Hudson (1948) described it as a bulb, leaf, and flower bud rot and stated that during cold wet seasons it can cause extensive damage in commercial plantings in Canterbury.
Crawford (1949) stated that downy mildew caused by Bremia lactucae is the principal and most serious disease of lettuce in New Zealand, causing in some seasons heavy crop losses. Brien, Dye, et al. (1957) stated that it is widespread throughout the country; they also recorded it from two weed species of Lactuca, which, they stated, could act as a source of infection if growing in a market-garden area.
Rust on Parsonsia has been found in only two localities in the North Island. Both host and rust are indigenous to New Zealand.
Matthews (1965) recorded the conidial state Fusarium nivale of this fungus from wheat seed grown in New Zealand. Latch (1965) recorded the conidial state as a primary pathogen on leaves of Bromus spp. (especially B. inermis): he listed it as occurring on 16 other species of Bromus grown in experimental plots at Palmerston North and at Lincoln, Canterbury. He also recorded it on leaves of Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne when pastures were held in autumn for winter feed (Latch, 1966a).
These three cosmopolitan species of puffballs [Calvatia caelata, C. gigantea and C. lilacina] are recorded by Arnold and Brien (1961) as causing "fairy rings" on greens and fairways in golf courses in New Zealand; they are of minor importance for they are responsible for uneven growth. They are common in pastures throughout New Zealand.
These three cosmopolitan species of puffballs [Calvatia caelata, C. gigantea and C. lilacina] are recorded by Arnold and Brien (1961) as causing "fairy rings" on greens and fairways in golf courses in New Zealand; they are of minor importance for they are responsible for uneven growth. They are common in pastures throughout New Zealand.
These three cosmopolitan species of puffballs [Calvatia caelata, C. gigantea and C. lilacina] are recorded by Arnold and Brien (1961) as causing "fairy rings" on greens and fairways in golf courses in New Zealand; they are of minor importance for they are responsible for uneven growth. They are common in pastures throughout New Zealand.
ooty mould due to Capnodium salicinum is found on citrus trees following heavy infestation by citrus aphids (Aphis citricidus Kirk.) or scale insects. The fungus is not a pathogen on citrus leaves but is a superficial growth on the sugary secretions of the insects. Infected fruit has to be washed before marketing.
The combination of an Australian species of scale insect, Eriococcus orariensis Hoy,and the fungus Capnodium walteri is known as manuka blight (Mulcock, 1954). This relationship of fungus and scale insect killed areas of Leptospermum scoparium in Canterbury, and infested plant material was subsequently distributed in many parts of the North Island in attempts to control Leptospermum in pastures, but Eriococcus orariensis never became established in heavy enough infestation to kill the Leptospermum. An endemic fungus species, Angatia thwaites (Petch) von Arx (syn. Myriangium thwaites Petch), attacked the scale insect and restricted its establishment (Hoy, 1961). Leptospermum ericoides has proved to be resistant to Eriococcus orariensis.
Slade (1960) described black rot caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata as a disease of tubers and of shoot cuttings of kumara (Ipomoea batatas.) He emphasised the severity of the disease in the Auckland Province and stated that although it was first recorded at Kaitaia in 1947 it had already curtailed the growing of kumaras on Matakana Island, Bay of Plenty. He recorded it from Gisborne. In recent years, by the maintenance of strict crop hygiene, especially in the cutting beds, the disease has been successfully controlled. In the Auckland Province the disease is of considerable economic importance.
A leaf spot caused by Cercospora althaeina was recorded on the introduced creeping mallow in the Auckland area (Dingley, 1965). It is of no economic importance.
There are no recent records of this fungus on celery in New Zealand.
Leaf lesions on the endemic host Aristotelia serrata caused by Cercospora are common throughout New Zealand.
Cercospora atro-marginalis is common as a leaf spot on black night shade (Solanum nigrum) throughout New Zealand; it has been recorded in Auckland on leaves anc fruit of the indigenous S. laciniatum and in Westland on an introduced species of Solanum. Brien and Dingley (1951) recorded this leaf spot as Cercospora solani Sacc and Berl. It is of no economic importance.
This fungus is common as a leaf spot on red beet, silver beet (swiss chard), and mangels Smith (1961) recorded it as severe in wet seasons on fodder beet in some North Islanc districts. It is of only minor economic importance.
Poorly defined lesions are formed by this fungus on undersurfaces of fig leaves and usually result in early leaf fall. Figs are rarely grown as a commercial crop and are rarely sprayed with a fungicide; it is of only minor economic importance.
Collections of leaves [of Solanum laciniatum] infected with this fungus suggest that it is a wound pathogen following damage. It is of no economic importance.
Leaf spots and lesions on petioles of carrot leaves due to Cercospora carotae are common in most crops of carrots. When infection is severe, leaves appear as if burnt. Brandenburg (1961b) reported that this disease could be troublesome in crops in Pukekohe near Auckland and in Hawke's Bay.
An angular leaf spot [of Ceanothus sp.] due to Cercospora ceanothi was found to be troublesome only when cuttings from infected material were used for propagating under mist.
Cercospora depazeoides is common throughout New Zealand on leaves of elderberry (Sambucus nigra). It is of no economic importance.
Cercospora leaf spot is common on this introduced host weed [Chenopodium album] throughout New Zealand.
Records show that Cercospora eupatorii was brought into New Zealand with a trypetid stem gall fly introduced in the Auckland Province to control the weed species Eupatorium adenophorum (Dingley, 1965). It is of no economic importance.
This leaf spot was described from material collected in Auckland and Banks Peninsula, Canterbury. Both fungus and host plant [Haloragis erecta] are endemic to New Zealand. It is of no economic importance.
MacArthur (1959) recorded Cercospora handelii as a leaf spot on Rhododendron sp. cult. from New Plymouth, Taranaki, and Palmerston North, Wellington. There are also records from Timaru, Canterbury. This disease caused by this fungus can be serious in some varieties in nursery rows. MacArthur (1959) recommended the application of bordeaux sprays for its control.
Irregular dark-coloured lesions are formed by this fungus on under surfaces of leaves; it occurs most commonly when orchids are grown under humid conditions. In commercial crops it can be of importance.
An angular leaf spot caused by this fungus sometimes becomes a nuisance on the new spring growth of perennial phlox.
Dingley (1960b) recorded Cercospora on leaves of Muehlenbeckia in north Canterbury: the disease lesions characteristically dehisce from the healthy tissue to give infected leaves a tattered appearance. Both host and fungus are indigenous to New Zealand.
As lesions on leaves of currants caused by Cercospora occur only in late summer, it is of minor economic importance. It is common throughout New Zealand.
Cercospora varia is recorded as an angular leaf spot on Viburnum. It is of no economic importance.
Leaf lesions due to Cercospora violae are common on some varieties of pansy and viola. In wet seasons when violas and pansies are used as bedding plants it can be severe enough to justify spraying with a fungicide.
Leaf lesions caused by Cercospora are not uncommon on clovers and on spotted medick. As this fungus rarely occurs in a sufficiently heavy infection to retard pasture growth it is only of minor economic importance.
White leaf spot caused by Cercosporella brassicae on turnips, swedes, and Chinese cabbage occurs sporadically in crops throughout New Zealand: it is rarely of economic importance.
Latch (1965) described this fungus as a leaf spot on Bromus willdenowii occurring in winter and spring. He also recorded it on B. inermis and on six other Bromus spp. (including B. firmior and B. secalinus) grown in experimental plots at Palmerston North. He stated that the disease was a serious pathogen in the Manawatu area where B. willdenowii is important in pastures for winter feed.
Eye spot on wheat was recorded from Taieri, Otago, in 1941-42 (Saxby, 1943) and again in 1942-43. It caused considerable crop losses. Blair (1954) noted that it occurred in Canterbury, especially on heavy soils. On heavy lands where wheat was undersown with ryegrass the incidence of this disease was lower, as ryegrass limited the amount of nitrogen available to the wheat. Blair stated that all varieties commonly grown in New Zealand were highly susceptible to the disease.
Rust on rhododendron was recorded by Cunningham from material collected at Stratford, Taranaki, in 1924. In the herbarium, Plant Diseases Division, there are only two other records, i.e., from Palmerston North in 1954 and New Plymouth, Taranaki, in 1961. At present it is of no economic importance.
Smut on seed heads of Carex occurs throughout New Zealand. The smut fungus and host plants are indigenous to New Zealand.
Seed heads of Schoenus infected with smut have been collected in subalpine areas in both the North and South Islands. Both smut fungus and hosts are endemic to New Zealand.
Smut on seed heads of Uncinia have been recorded only from Wellington and the South Island. The host plants and the smut fungus are endemic to New Zealand.
Infected seed heads of Spinifex have been recorded only from the North Island of New Zealand. Both smut species and host are indigenous to New Zealand: they also occur in Australia.
Smut on seed heads of Carpha occurs throughout subalpine tussock grasslands it both the North and the South Islands. The smut fungus is endemic to New Zealand
Jacks (1947), in a survey of diseases in glasshouse tomato crops, stated that Cladosporium was the commonest fungus disease affecting the crop. Resistant tomato varieties have since been introduced, but in all cases the resistance has gradually broken down. Improved fungicides, as described by Jacks and Webb (1956d) and Kennelly (1960), have lead to a better control of the disease. In some wet seasons it can become a problem in outdoor crops, especially in the Auckland area.
Ergot on seed heads of Paspalum spp. caused by Claviceps paspali is common in summer in North Auckland. It has at times caused "staggers" in cattle (Hopkirk, 1936). If paspalum is used as a pasture grass it must be managed in such a way as to prevent seed-head formation.
Neill (1941) discussed the occurrence of ergot in seed in seed heads of grasses in New Zealand; he studied cultures from the infected seed heads or "ergots" from inflorescences from a number of species of grass. Dingley (1954) stated that C. purpurea first appeared in New Zealand about 1875 and has since become widespread. Latch (1966b) noted that in Lolium perenne infection of seed in a seed sample can be as high as 10%. It is recorded on 12 indigenous and 20 introduced grasses. There are no reports in New Zealand of stock poisoning from this fungus. As the strains that attack wheat rarely occur, and as rye is rarely grown, the disease is of little economic importance in cereal production in New Zealand.
Both rust fungus and host plant are introduced. In New Zealand only the uredospore stage of the rust has been collected. It has occurred on Campanula sp. from Wanganui and from Auckland.
Gilmour (1965c) recorded that terminal needles of one-year-old [Pinus radiata] seedlings in nursery beds at Woodhill and Kumeu in North Auckland were attacked during early spring and autumn by Gloeosporium sp. Distortion of the terminal stem led to stunted plants that were unfit for planting out. In many cases, after a year, lateral shoots developed from the base of the plant. The disease led to considerable losses in these nurseries. Gilmour (1966b) recommended spraying with captan plus P.M.C. for its control.
Smudge caused by Colletotrichum circinans is common in some seasons on mature onion bulbs of `Pukekohe Long Keeper'. It may occur on newly dead leaves of seedling onion. It is of no economic importance.
Chamberlain (1935a) stated that Colletotrichum coccodes caused black dot disease of potatoes and noted that in in the Auckland area it may cause premature death of plants. Uljee (1964) recorded it causing corkiness or rotting of tomato roots in glasshouse crops. As both host plants are important introduced cultigens, the fungus is of minor economic importance.
In New Zealand it is known from a single record at Winchmore, Canterbury, where it was causing a root rot of white clover.
Latch (1965) recorded that anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum graminicola was common on Bromus willdenowii in the North Island in late autumn and winter months at which times it considerably reduced growth of plants. Latch (1966a) stated that it is common on Lolium in early autumn. It is also common in early summer and late autumn on Paspalum sp. As hosts are important introduced pasture grasses, the fungus is of economic importance.
Anthracnose on beans caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is common, especially in late summer and autumn crops. Reid (1943) (1945b) studied resistance to anthracnose in varieties commonly grown in New Zealand, and Reid and Brien (1948a) discussed its control with Bordeaux sprays. Brien, Chamberlain et al. (1955) stated that the disease is seed borne; they noted that it is of economic importance, as in some crops 30-50% of the pods may be unmarketable because of the disease.
In surveys carried out by Cunningham in 1941, Colletotrichran lini was recorded causing a seedling blight in two linen flax crops. There are no specimens of this fungus in the herbarium at Plant Diseases Division.
In the Auckland area in a wet season it is common on melon fruits. It is often confused with fructifications of Glomerella cingulata. It is not common on cucumber fruits.
on *Leucospermuni sp. (new record) *Protea sp. (new record)
It is commonly associated with a tip dieback [of Leucospermum sp.and Protea sp.]; it may cause considerable damage. As the species are grown only for ornament it is of no economic importance.
It was recorded from stem lesions in a Lucerne pasture in Gisborne, where it was causing considerable damage.
Lloyd (1922) described this species from material sent to him from New Zealand by Dr G. H. Cunningham. Gilmour (1966a) listed it as causing a white pocket heart rot of living trees. This wood-rotting fungus is endemic to New Zealand, occurring on over-mature trees in indigenous forests.
Cunningham (1965) described and recorded this species on roots at the base of trunks and upon trunks of living trees of kauri in the Waipoua Kauri Forest, North Auckland. Gilmour (1966a) noted that it was of economic importance as it caused a red-brown cubical butt rot of mature timber trees.
Cunningham (1965) described and recorded this species on roots at the base of trunks and upon trunks of living trees of kauri in the Waipoua Kauri Forest, North Auckland. Gilmour (1966a) noted that it was of economic importance as it caused a red-brown cubical butt rot of mature timber trees.
Cunningham (1925a) associated this fungus with "blister disease" of fruit and of laterals of apple and pear trees. It is now known that this fungus is not responsible for this condition but that it is present as a saprophyte in dead bark tissue. The cause of the condition in trees that exhibit this characteristic splitting is still unknown.
Berkeley (1873) first described this fungus from collections found at Mt. Gambier, Australia, in 1854. In New Zealand, Cunningham (1922b) recorded red thread (Hypochnus fuciformis McAlp.) on leaves and stems of grasses. Brien (1935) stated that in New Zealand the fungus was first collected in 1920 on Lolium multiflorum from Hawke's Bay; he noted that it had become common on lawns and on bowling and golf greens in Hawke's Bay, Wairarapa, Manawatu, and Nelson district. Cunningham (1963) noted that it killed plants and in pastures formed discoloured orbicular areas a few centimeters to upwards of one metre in diameter. Arnold and Brien (1961) suggested for its control treatment with the fungicide thiram followed by prompt applications of a fertiliser such as sulphate of ammonia to promote quick growth of the grass.
Although this fungus was not listed as occurring in New Zealand until 1939, there is in the herbarium at Plant Diseases Division a collection on mangels from Feilding gathered in 1926. No further collections were filed until 1938, when it was collected in the Auckland area. It is now widely distributed in the North Island, especially in Auckland and North Auckland in areas where continuous cropping is practised. In warm wet seasons it is responsible for considerable crop losses. Smith (1961) recommended crop rotation as a measure for its control in fodder beet.
Cunningham (1963) described the fungus from New Zealand. Although a common parasite in tropical regions, it has been collected only from apple trees in a neglected orchard in Whangarei, North Auckland, where it formed cankers killing small lateral branches. In Kerikeri, also in North Auckland, it was collected from a single pear tree in a home garden.
In the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, there are three collections of this fungus: Podocarpus acutifolius T. Kirk, 255, Marlborough, South Island; on P. totara, Little River, N.Z. 235; Mr Cheesernan 2/1874. Cooke (1892) listed these collections under Corynelia uberata Fr. Birch (1937b) and Fitzpatrick (1942) recorded C. tropica from New Zealand occurring on Podocarpus totara and P. hallii. Gilmour (1966a) stated that this fungus causes severe leaf spot on totara (P. totara) and that it is widespread throughout New Zealand.
There are no recent records of this fungus in New Zealand and no specimens are present in the herbarium at the Plant Diseases Division, Auckland.
Berry-Smith (1962) and Dingley (1965) recorded this fungus from New Zealand as responsible for dead arm disease on grapes in the Manutuke Valley, Gisborne, and at Henderson and Te Kauwhata in the Auckland Province. Berry-Smith (1962) recorded it on the varieties `Albany Beauty', `Black Hamburg', and `Palomino': He recommended using sprays with P.M.C. for its control. It is responsible for considerable damage to vines.
This fungus is associated with "damping off" of seedlings in two nurseries of the State Forest Service and in a commercial nursery in Kumeu, North Auckland (Bassett, 1961); Hunter (1961) recorded it from wilted seedlings in nursery soils partially sterilised with methyl bromide.
This leaf spot occasionally occurs in silver birch leaves in late summer. It may cause early defoliation, but is of no economic importance.
Black blotch of clover leaves caused by Cymadothea is common in the North Island but usually on unthrifty plants. It is of minor economic importance.
Berkeley (1848) described this species from living branches of Nothofagus cunninghamii from Tasmania. In New Zealand this indigenous gall-forming fungus attacks only one species of Nothofagus (N. menziesii) (Lloyd 1916; Cockayne, 1926). The galls are perennial, producing a crop of fructifications each spring throughout the life of the tree. The fungus causes distortion of branches but produces no decay of host tissues. Rawlings (1956) stated that it is of little economic importance but suggested that infected trunks should be removed when sapling stands of silver beech are "managed".
Rawlings (1956) separated this species from Cyttaria gunnii by the large globose galls formed by the tree through an infection of this fungus: he stated that the fructifications are darker coloured and have a smell resembling apricots. This species is endemic to New Zealand.
Rawlings (1956) showed that Cyttaria pallida, unlike the other two species of Cyttaria present in New Zealand, formed on the trees fusiforme galls, several feet long. This species is also endemic to New Zealand.
Cultures of a Dematophora sp. [?Rosellinia radiciperda Mass. sensu Gilmour, 1966a] were isolated from roots of dead saplings of Pinus radiata and P. strobus from Rotoehu Forest. The fungus was shown to be pathogenic to Pinus seedlings (Zondag and Gilmour, 1963) but appeared to be distinct from the Dematophora obtained from ascospore cultures of Rosellinia radiciperda. As no ascogenous stage of this fungus has been obtained, it seems best to record it for the present as Dematophora sp.
This fungus is sometimes common in local areas, attacking flower heads of plantains in pasture; it is of no economic importance.
In New Zealand this fungus is a common storage rot of tubers of kumara (sweet potato). The rot is dry and light coloured; fructifications are rarely found on the tuber but are formed in culture. It is of minor economic importance.
Cunningham (1931b) and Fletcher (1955a) recorded melanose on living leaves and fruits of citrus. Fletcher (1955b) reported that infection was carried over on dead twigs and branches, where the fungus caused dieback, especially of weakened shoots: he recommended a pre-blossom spray of Bordeaux (3:4:50) for its control. This fungus is also responsible for a stem end rot of fruits held in store.
Diaporthe perniciosa is recorded in New Zealand as a storage rot of apples. Brook (1960) noted that it often invaded the sterile lesions of "lenticel" spot when fruit was held in cold store. It may also be found associated with dieback of weakened shoots or on pruning wounds on apple and pear trees. It is of minor economic importance.
Occasionally this fungus is recorded in the Auckland area as a fruit rot of unripe fruits of both tomatoes and peppers; it is of minor economic importance.
This fungus is known in New Zealand only from a single record. Unfortunately no herbarium material was filed.
Spur blight due to Didymella applanata in raspberries is common throughout New Zealand. Brown (1955) recorded it from the Nelson district. It is usually controlled by the fungicide spray programme recommended for raspberries.
Didymella stem rot [of tomato] is present in the South Island of New Zealand; it was first reported from Timaru by Cunningham in 1922 (1922a); Smith and Hurndell (1959) reported stem rot as common in crops near Christchurch and on Banks Peninsula during the season 1955-1958: in these areas it was of considerable economic importance. It is also recorded from the Nelson area (Brown and Watts, 1959). Smith and Hurndell (1959) suggested that this disease may be controlled by fortnightly sprays with maneb or captan.
Ring spot caused by Didymellina dianthi is recorded as a leaf rot disease of carnation in New Zealand by Robinson (1957b) and Salinger (1961). It is especially common in outdoor carnations during winter months. Recommendations for its control included the removal of diseased leaves and regular sprays with thiram or zineb.
Leaf spot on iris caused by Didymellina macrospora is common throughout New Zealand. The ascogenous stage has not been found in this country. Say (1964) stated that even a light attack may seriously weaken iris plants; he suggested that protective sprays with copper, maneb, or zineb may help to control the disease.
"Twist" on grass due to Dilophospora occurs occasionally throughout New Zealand, but rarely more than a few plants are affected within a pasture. It is of no economic importance.
Black spot on roses is a common disease throughout the country (Ellis (1952a); Marcussen (1962); and Amos (1963) ). Heavy infection causing considerable defoliation in summer seriously weakens the plants. The disease is important in commercial plantings. Sprays of captan and folpex have been recommended for control of this disease.
Tar spot (Diplochorella melicyti) on leaves of Melicytus is common throughout New Zealand. Both host and fungus are indigenous to New Zealand. This is probably the fungus imperfectly described by Berkeley (1855) as Dothidea colensoi.
Recorded by Brien (1939) as a pathogen [of Crataegus monogyna]. Its pathogenicity is doubtful.
Outbreaks of dieback and stem cankers formed by Diplodia pinea occur sporadically throughout New Zealand. Unthrifty trees and trees suffering mechanical injury are attacked. The disease sometimes causes substantial losses in forests of exotic conifers. Curtis (1926) recorded the fungus causing severe dieback on Pinus radiata and P. muricata following drought injury. Birch (1936) associated the disease with a red top symptom in P. ponderosa, P. contorta, P. nigra, and P. radiata among unthinned and overstocked stands on pumiceous soils. Grayburn (1957) recorded a severe attack of Diplodia in north Canterbury on Pinus radiata, P. nigra, and P. ponderosa following hail injury. Gilmour (1964) (1965b) recorded the occurrence of this fungus as a wound pathogen following thinning and low pruning in three- to 10-year-old P. radiata trees growing in pumice soils in the central North Island.
Cob rot due to Diplodia zeae has been present in the maize-growing area at Gisborne for a number of years. Only in wet seasons does it cause crop losses in this area.
This fungus is known only from a single collection from Christchurch.
Recorded by Latch as the second most important foliage disease of ryegrass in New Zealand; it occurs throughout the country in long dense swards and in short pastures, especially in winter months.
Cunningham (1948f) and Gilmour (1966a) recorded this species as causing a white heart rot in mature living trees, as well as on dead trees and stumps. Gilmour (1966a) states that it probably causes large annual losses of valuable native timber. Fructifications of this fungus are common throughout New Zealand on introduced and indigenous host species.
Cunningham (1948f; 1965) and Gilmour (1966a) recorded this fungus as a common white heart rot of indigenous and introduced trees. It is of importance in over-mature indigenous forest.
Cunningham (1948f) and Gilmour (1966a) have shown that this fungus, like the other two species of Elfvingia, causes a white heart rot of living as well as dead trees. It is especially common in indigenous forest, where it does considerable damage to over-mature timber trees.
Black spot or grape anthracnose was first recorded by Kirk (1895) from Hawke's Bay. Only the conidial form has been found in New Zealand. Lindeman (1940) and Berry-Smith (1952; 1965) recorded it as a common disease on outdoor crops in all grape-growing districts. Early application of thiram or ziram has been noted as giving good control of the disease (Anon. 1956a). Berry-Smith (1965) stated that black spot may be controlled by the use of lime sulphur as a winter dormancy spray, followed by alternate sprays of thiram and copper oxychloride during the growing season.
Citrus verrucosis caused by Elsinoe fawcetti was first recorded from New Zealand by Kirk in 1899, on lemons in New Plymouth. Only the conidial stage of the fungus has been found in New Zealand. Verrucosis is common wherever citrus is grown in New Zealand. Fletcher (1955b) stated that it is probably the most troublesome fungus disease on lemons. It is also troublesome in certain other citrus varieties including mandarins, tangelos, and 'Wheeney' grapefruit. In mandarin trials at Kerikeri and Te Puke the variety 'Kara'showed susceptibility to the disease (Anon. 1959a). Fletcher (1955b) recommended for its control sprays of Bordeaux mixture 3:4:50, to be applied in November at petal fall.
It is recorded from a single collection from Gore, Otago, causing a distinct leaf spot [of Arbutus sp.].
Anthracnose caused by Elsinoe on virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquifolia) has been recorded twice from Auckland city area, where it was damaging leaves of this creeper.
Only the conidial stage has been found in New Zealand. It occurs on leaves, stems, and fruits of apples and pears. It is common in Auckland, Nelson, and Hawke's Bay and is controlled by the usual fungicide spray programme applied to apples to control Venturia. It is of minor economic importance.
The ascogenous stage was recorded on year-old rose canes collected in Auckland in November 1961. Anthracnose caused by Elsinoe rosarum is common on leaves of roses in late spring and summer. Marcussen (1962) stated that the disease may be controlled by the fungicide sprays applied to control black spot (Diplocarpon rosae). It is of minor economic importance in commercial plantings.
Anthracnose or cane spot due to Elsinoe veneta is common in New Zealand on all introduced species of Rubus, especially on raspberries and loganberries. It was first thought to be of minor importance (Woodhead and Chamberlain, 1940), but Taylor (1945) showed that a cane infection could result in a stunting of plants. He showed that a spray programme using Bordeaux mixture would control the disease. Newhook and Vaughan (1965) noted the economic importance of this disease in Hawke's Bay. Wellington, and Nelson in the 1964 season and for its control stressed the importance of an application in the early spring of a Bordeaux spray mixture.
This tar spot is common in late summer on Poa anceps throughout New Zealand. It i of no economic importance; the host plant and the fungus are indigenous to Nev Zealand.
It is common on root cankers of Elaeocarpus throughout the indigenous forests but i of no economic importance.
Although Cunningham recorded this leaf smut from a single collection, it has become common on cape gooseberries (Physalis peruviana) wherever they are grown.
Leaf smut on Calendula occurs throughout New Zealand. Cunningham (1945c) noted that it is sometimes serious and reduces their ornamental value.
Leaf smut on introduced weeds belonging to the Compositae is common but sporadic in its occurrence. New Zealand collections previously determined as Ramularia eximia Bubak have been shown to be the sporidia stage of this smut. It is of no economic importance.
Cunningham (1945c) stated that this smut was first collected from Palmerston North in 1932. It is now widespread throughout both islands. It may be controlled by regular applications of copper spray or an organic fungicide such as maneb.
Leaf smut on poppy is known in New Zealand only from a single collection from Feilding.
This leaf smut occurs sporadically on this endemic host [Parietaria debilis] wherever it is grown.
Leaf smut due to Entyloma picridis is common on leaves of this weed species [Picris echioides]. This fungus has been included previously under Ramularia owing to misidentification of the sporidia. It is of no economic importance.
Smut on leaves of borage has been recorded from two localities in Auckland. It is of no economic importance.
Perithecia have been collected only on Aristotelia sp. and only in Canterbury. In the North Island, as with other species of powdery mildew, only the oidium conidial form is present. It was first recorded from New Zealand by Berkeley (1855) on the indigenous host Aristotelia as Erysiphe densa. Salmon (1900) showed this fungus to be a synonym of E. polygoni. In the autumn it is very common throughout the country, but only when weather conditions are unfavourable are losses in fodder crops such as swede and rape likely to become severe. Brien, Chamberlain et al. (1955) reported that it may cause dwarfing and distortion of pea plants. Except for the two species of Aristotelia and Geum urbanum all host plants are introduced cultivars.
Blair and Morrison (1949) isolated Fusarium avenaceum in Canterbury from unthrifty seedling wheat plants and from mature plants with brown foot rot. Wratt (1956) reported its occurence associated with a pre-emergence rot of oat seedlings. Gordon (1960) listed it from New Zealand associated with Gramineae. It is extremely common in ryegrass pastures after a dry summer. Dingley (1960b) recorded it from basal stem cankers on wilted stock plants. It has also been found in association with a dry storage rot of sweet potato tubers. It is only of minor economic importance.
In a survey of potato stores carried out by Dr Brook of Plant Diseases Division, D.S.I.R., Auckland, in 1950, Fusarium coeruleum was found to be the main cause of dry rot in stored potatoes. It usually follows post-harvest damage.
Blair (1936) recorded Fusarium culmorum from New Zealand as commonly associated with foot rot of wheat; Smith (1953) stated that it was associated with a black root rot of strawberries common in heavy wet soils in southern districts of New Zealand. Robinson (1961) noted that it was common as a basal rot of young plants of carnations or as a dieback of branches. It is of minor economic importance.
Neill (1928) recorded Septoria leaf spot on oat crops throughout New Zealand. In some seasons it may cause considerable crop losses.
Woodhead and Chamberlain (1940) reported that cane wilt caused by Leptosphaeria coniothyrium is one of the most serious diseases of raspberries in all districts where raspberries are grown: they recommended Bordeaux sprays for its control. Unfortunately in trials carried out in Riwaka and in Motueka, Nelson, in 1940-41, Taylor (1945) reported that infection of cane wilt in unsprayed blocks was in these trials too low to assess the efficiency of the spray programme. It causes little damage to blackberries (Cunningham, 1927a). It is also common on rose canes throughout New Zealand (Marcussen, 1962).
Dry rot on swedes and turnips causes considerable crop losses throughout New Zealand. Cunningham (1927c) reviewed the history and importance of the disease; he demonstrated that it was both soil and seed borne. Cruickshank and Palmer (1954) summarised work on resistance to this disease in varieties grown in New Zealand. Lloyd (1959) noted that viability of the fungus in seeds deteriorated after eight months but was still present in a few seeds within a sample after 14 months. Smith (1956b) showed that a perithecial stage typical of Leptosphaeria was associated with the dry rot fungus; he therefore stressed the importance of air-borne ascospores in disseminating the disease within a crop. Smith and Sutton (1964) showed that this ascospore form was, in fact, identical with Leptosphaeria maculans.
The fungus was reported to be associated with a leaf blotch in wheat crops in Canterbury in the 1953 season. Wenham (1959) stated that the damage in New Zealand was due to Septoria tritici Desm. only but gave little proof for his decision. The species associated with leaf blotch on wheat in New Zealand needs further investigation.
This fungus attacks only the introduced cultigen, lucerne. Smith (1955a) stated that Stagonospora foot rot was widespread in Canterbury and Otago. The fungus often caused death of plants.
Up to the present, "fly speck" caused by Leptothryrium pomi is reported on apple fruits. It is not common, occurring only on unsprayed fruit grown in damp, shady situations: it is therefore of minor importance.
Ring spot is common on lettuce leaves throughout New Zealand, especially in late winter and early spring crops. Hurndell and Smith (1957) described spray trials carried out in the Christchurch area over a period of four years; they recommended sprays with captan or thiram for its control.
Murray (1926) described the disease as serious on weeping and crack willows in the Nelson district, where it caused both stem cankers and leaf spots. In some seasons it is common throughout New Zealand, causing distortions of young shoots as well as an early leaf fall.
Leaf fleck is common throughout New Zealand on introduced pasture grasses. In studies of leaf spots on cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) in the Manawatu area, Wenham and Latch (1958) reported that it was common throughout the summer and autumn.
The rust was first collected in February 1954 in a garden in Auckland, and within two seasons it was widespread on this common weed species [Euphorbia peplus] throughout the country. It is of no economic importance.
Both the rust fungus and host plant [Hypericum androsaemum] are introduced. Baker (1955b) reported that it was present in the Wellington area in 1952. Within two years the rust was widespread on leaves of this weed host throughout New Zealand. it is rarely found in North Auckland.
The host is an indigenous species occurring in Tasmania, Australia, and New Caledonia. In New Zealand this species has been collected only from Central Otago; it is also recorded from Japan and Australia
This European rust species is recorded in New Zealand on the cultigen L. usitatissimum, on the introduced Australian weed species L. marginale, and on the endemic species L. monogynum. In a study of resistance of linen flax and linseed to rust, Cruickshank (1950) noted that Cunningham, as a result of a survey carried out in 1943-44, stated that rust was the most serious disease in New Zealand on linen flax. During World War II autumn and spring sowing of crops was introduced, and rust became widespread in these crops. Cruickshank (1951 a, 1952b), Cruickshank and Wright (1953), and Steveninck and Cruickshank (1956) noted the rust races present in New Zealand and listed resistant varieties of linseed and linen flax.
The host of this endemic rust is indigenous to New Zealand and occurs also on Norfolk Island (Allan, 1961). The rust is common in New Zealand wherever the host grows.
Both host and rust are introduced; the host is a common cultigen occasionally grown in the South Island in plantations. Herbarium records at Plant Diseases Division show That on Betula pendula the uredospore stage was common throughout New Zealand: the aecidial stage on Larix has not been collected in New Zealand.
This fungus is recorded from New Zealand material identified by C. G. Hansford in 1956. It has been collected only from Auckland and the North Auckland area [on Gahnia xanthocarpa].
Hansford (1961) recorded this sooty blotch fungus from collections from the west coast of the South Island, New Zealand. Both fungus and host are indigenous.
This sooty blotch was recorded from New Zealand from material collected around Auckland and determined by C. G. Hansford in 1956.
Sooty blotch on Metrosideros spp. is common in New Zealand in scattered localities where rainfalls are heavy. It is an endemic fungus described on endemic species of Metrosideros.
Both fungus and host species are introduced. Weston (1957) stated that the needle cast fungus Meria laricis is widespread in New Zealand on Larix decidua; he also noted that L. kaempferi (syn. L. leptolepis) was more resistant to the needle cast fungus than L.decirlua. It can be of considerable economic importance.
Only the conidial stage of the fungus has been collected in New Zealand. Powdery mildew occurs on the english oak throughout New Zealand, especially on young trees oc on regrowth after severe pruning (Gilmour, 1966a). As oak trees are rarely grown in plantations it is of no economic importance.
Powdery mildew was reported to be common gooseberries in New Zealand by Cunningham (1922a). No specimens have been collected for the past 20 years.
Both fungus and host are endemic; it is known only from a single collection.
Rust on sow thistle has been collected from only two localities in New Zealand - from Palmerston North in 1919 and from Alexandra, Central Otago, in 1937. The host is a common weed species throughout New Zealand.
When discussing diseases of kumara (sweet potato) (Ipomoea batatas), Coleman (1962) stated that silvery scurf was widespread in areas where kumaras were grown; he noted that it had become more common in recent years owing to continuous cropping with sweet potatoes in the same area. Wilson (1961) showed that Monilochaetes attacked kumara plants below soil level, and he suggested that the disease could be controlled if plants were propagated from vine cuttings rather thin from tuber shoots.
Ring spot of brassica crops in New Zealand is extremely common especially in spring crops; it may be present on seed crops of rape and chow mother. Gillard (1952) noted that it commonly occurred on soils rich in nitrogen and stressed the importance of crop rotation for its control. As the fungus is seed borne it has probably been introduced with the seed of the host plant.
This common endemic fungus is associated with a leaf spot on Coprosma spp
Woodhead and Chamberlain (1940), in a report of a survey of berry fruit carried out in 1940, noted that leaf spot of strawberries due to Mycosphaerella fragariae occurred throughout the country, especially in the Auckland district. They suggested regular applications of Bordeaux sprays for its control. Anon. (1951 b) reported that, of the 22 strawberry varieties tested for resistance to this fungus leaf spot, only four varieties were found to be resistant, 12 susceptible, and six highly susceptible; there appeared to be no strain difference in the different isolates of the fungus used in these tests. Nichols (1960) showed that this fungus attacked fruits as well as leaves to give a black discolouration of the seeds and small hard lesions in the fruit; he recommended for its control the removal of foliage from plants in the winter months, to be followed by regular sprays of captan.
This fungus is associated with leaf lesions on the host [Centella uniflora]; in most collections fructifications of Septoria nesodes Kalchbr. occurred on the leaves with perithecia of Mycosphaerella.
Ray blight has been recorded only from one commercial garden in Pairnerston North and one in Auckland; if it became established on this common cultigen [Chrysanthemum indicum] it could be of commercial importance.
Steveninck and Cruickshank (1956) stated that the widespread incidence of linseed diseases such as rust, and to a limited extent pasmo (Mycosphaerella linorum) added to the instability of the crop; in the 1952-53 season pasmo occurred at an epidemic level in mid and south Canterbury in crops of the variety `Golden Viking'; selections were made for disease resistance and the varieties `Bison' and `Very Pale Blue Crimped' were shown to be resistant. Sanderson (1963) showed that seed transmission was a minor factor in the spread of the disease in New Zealand. The fungus overwintered on the common perennial introduced wild species Linum marginale as well as any debris of L. usitatissinum from previous seasons crops. Ascospores from perithecia formed on old stems of L. marginale were shown to be important in the establishment of the initial infection of the disease into the crop.
At times in wet cold seasons Mycosphaerella may become an important disease in outdoor crops of cucumbers, pumpkins, and melons. It can form stem cankers, leaf lesions, and sometimes lesions on fruit. It also occurs as an important storage rot of fruits of pumpkins (Gillard, 1951; Bailey, 1963).
A leaf blotch [of Eucalyptus gigantea] caused by Mycosphaerella nubilosa has been recorded by Weston (1957) as common on leaves of trees at the sapling stage; he reported that it is common on leaves of plants in seedling beds in nurseries.
Mycosphaerella pinodes forms stem, leaf, and pod lesions as well as causing a foot rot of peas. It can be of considerable importance in New Zealand in crops grown in the wetter areas. From a survey of New Zealand pea seed instituted in 1951 and carried over a five-year period, Cruickshank (1957a) concluded that M. pinodes was a common seed-borne pathogen on New Zealand seed. He stressed the importance of growing pea seed crops in low rainfall areas in order to keep pea crops throughout the country free of this disease.
Mycosphaerella leaf spot on gooseberries and currants was shown by Woodhead and Chamberlain (1940) and Davey (1945) to be widespread throughout New Zealand. Davey (ibid.) suggested that leaf spot may be controlled by Bordeaux sprays. It is of minor economic importance.
This introduced fungus is recorded as a fruit rot and as a leaf spot on apples. As it is controlled by the fungicide spray programme applied to control both black spot and ripe spot on apple fruit, it is of rare occurrence.
It is known only from the type collection; both host [Coprosma robusta] and fungus are endemic.
Leaf spot on elm is of little importance; it may cause early leaf fall. The ascogenous stage has not been found in New Zealand. Both host and fungus are introduced and in New Zealand are of no economic importance.
Brien and Dingley (1953) recorded ink spot from Iris tingitana. It forms both leaf spots and bulb lesions and sometimes Considerably damages bulbs. Say (1964) noted that it was common on I. reticulate. On Lachenalia sp. it may cause considerable damage to the bulbs. It may be important in bulbous irises in commercial planting.
This endemic species was recorded by Atkinson (1940) on three endemic host plants. It is associated with tip dieback and cankers on branches of mature trees. It is of no economic importance.
Gilmour (1961) in a random survey of fungi associated with needle cast of Pinus spp. in New Zealand showed that Naemacyclus was common. Gilmour (1966a) stated that it was particularly severe after the cool, wet summers in 1953, 1956, and 1962. It is of minor economic importance.
Cunningham (1925a) recorded coral spot as a wound parasite on fruit trees, broom, elm, horsechestnut, maple, mulberry, oak, and silver birch. Dingley (1951) stated that it is common in New Zealand south of the Auckland Province. Its host range would suggest that it is an introduced species, as it occurs commonly on introduced cultigens. It is of minor economic importance.
After expressing considerable doubt about the occurrence of European canker in New Zealand, Cunningham (1925b) reported it from the Whangarei district. It has become extremely common in the Auckland apple-growing areas. Brook, P. J., and Bailey (1965) recommend for its control autumn and winter sprays with either phenyl mercuric chloride or Bordeaux mixture. It is of considerable economic importance in the Auckland area and has limited the planting of some susceptible varieties.
In pumpkin crops in the Auckland area Nectria haematococca var. cucurbitae is responsible for considerable crop losses. It causes wilting and death of plants (Gillard, 1954), and in areas where the disease is severe it may occur as an important storage rot of the fruits (Dingley, 1961). Perithecia are occasionally found on pumpkin fruit tissue. The disease is stated to be seed borne.
In the North Island of New Zealand this fungus is common as a wound parasite, causing dieback usually following wind and frost injury. It also attacks plants that have suffered from drought or insect damage. It is of minor economic importance.
It occurs occasionally as a wound pathogen in living Pinus radiata.
It is found associated with crown rot in raspberries in Motueka (Nelson) especially in areas where drainage is poor.
It is recorded from maize cobs in Gisborne in 1956.
In New Zealand, powdery mildews rarely form Perithecia and the Oidium conidial stages are difficult to identify unless the fungus is known to be host specific. Thus records have been placed under Oidium. On tree tomato (Cyphomandra betaceae) mildew can cause severe defoliation (Fletcher, 1952). It is also common throughout New Zealand on Euonymus hedges.
All host plants are introduced, three being important weed species. Fry (1958) showed that the occurrence of this fungus in roots of lettuce was associated with the occurrence of lettuce big vein virus. He observed Olpidium in roots of the three weed species, which were growing with infected lettuce. The relationship of this fungus with the big vein virus has now been firmly established (Fry and Grogan, 1964). Fry (1958) stated that soil treatment with organic fungicides reduced the incidence of the disease. It is common in winter months in the Auckland area. Brandenburg and Hurndell (1960) showed that it is also common in the Christchurch area.
In a survey carried out in 1929-33 Chamberlain (1935a) noted that skin spot [of Solanum tuberosum] due to Oospora was prelavent in Southland and in Manawatu districts. It is only of minor economic importance.
"Take all" disease is common in pastures and in cereal crops throughout New Zealand. In wet seasons it may be serious in wheat crops (Blair and Morrison, 1949). Blair (1950b; 1953) stated that it was most common when wheat crops followed each other or when wheat followed pasture.
Recorded from Waimate in Canterbury in 1954.
Smith (1953) recorded Pachybasium hamatum var. candidum as one of the fungi associated with black root rot of strawberries. He stated that it was most severe in summer in heavy wet soils, especially in southern districts where strawberries were grown for several years in succession.
Passalora graminis is common throughout New Zealand, associated with a leaf streak leison on grasses. It is especially common in cocksfoot. Latch and Wenham (1958) stated that, although present throughout the year, it is most common in mid autumn until late spring. It is never sufficiently serious to warrant the use of control measures.
Pellicularia filamentosa is an important fungus in potato crops. Chamberlain (1931) suggested for its control treatment of seed with acidified mercuric chloride dip some months before planting. In recent years Booth (1965) recommended a dip in mercury-based compounds as a pre-planting treatment for seed potatoes; he emphasised that dipping should be done before the tubers have sprouted. It is associated with brown patch on lawns and greens (Brier, 1935; and Arnold and Brier 1961). In pastures in wet humid weather it may rot areas of grass. Ward (1926) noted that Rhizoctonia could be a problem in Lucerne pastures on areas with high rainfall. Wratt (1956) and Blair and Morrison (1949) showed its importance as a pre-emergence rot in seedlings of cereals. It is also important in nursery beds of seedlings of forestry trees such as Pinus radiata, P. nigra, and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Thulin, Will, and Bassett 1958). It is common in warm dry weather in seed beds of crops such as lettuce, tomatoes, and cabbage. It was also noted in nursery beds of citrus and peach seedlings and can be of considerable economic importance in nursery seed beds, especially in humid periods in summer months. Except for Agathis australis and Hydrocotyle sp., all hosts are introduced.
Penicillium digitatum is one of the common moulds that invades ripe citrus fruit. It quickly follows small skin injury. It may cause heavy losses in storage of citrus (Cunningham, 1925a; Neill, 1937).
This fungus is a ubiquitous mould: it is common on stored fruit. Kidd (1929), Neill (1937), and Padfield (1954) showed that blue mould due to Penicillium expansum is an important fruit rot in cool storage of apples, causing a rapid brown rot. Padfield (ibid.) suggested that it could be controlled by rigorous culling of all fruit showing any skin injury. It is also important as a rot when peaches and pears are stored. In onions it is an important storage rot of bulbs. It attacks Iris and Lachenalia bulbs when these are stored under poorly ventilated conditions.
Salinger (1965a) recorded Penicillium gladioli as an important storage rot of gladiolus corms, especially those stored under damp conditions. Overseas this species is listed as being host specific.
This species occurs with Penicillium digitatum as an important fungus in storage rot of citrus fruits (Neill, 1937). Fletcher (1955a) showed that losses due to P. italicum were greatly reduced if fruit was dipped in 2,4,5-T and packed in diphenyl wraps prior to storing.
Peniophora sacrata was described by Cunningham (1955) as an endemic species occurring as a saprophyte on dead wood. He recorded it on ten host species, nine of which are endemic to New Zealand. Gilmour and Lancaster (1955) recorded a fungus, which they referred to as "G.B." fungus disease causing a root and stem canker of exotic pines in the North Auckland area: they listed it as attacking three species of Pinus, three endemic host trees, and the common weed species, gorse and blackberry. Gilmour (1959b) showed that this fungus previously referred to as the "G.B." fungus was identical with Peniophora sacrata, and he noted its importance in exotic plantations in scattered areas throughout New Zealand.
Atkinson E. H. (1921) noted that a Heterosporium sp. was associated with small purple blotches on leaves [of Phormium tenax], predominantly on the under surfaces of leaves: he noted that this fungus did not appear to affect the quality of the fibre in the leaf. Ellis (1967) described this fungus as Periconiella phormii.
Downy mildew on chickweed (Stellaria media) and on mouses ear chickweed (Cerastium glomeratum)) is common in the North Island. As the fungus occurs only on introduced weed species it is of no economic importance
Peronospora alta is common on plantain in the Auckland area, especially in spring and summer.
Downy mildew on antirrhinum was first recorded from New Zealand in May 1942 froth Napier and in Auckland in 1945. It now occurs sporadically throughout New Zealand, especially in seed boxes in nurseries.
It is common in spring months, especially on Galium in the Auckland area.
It is common in Geranium spp. in autumn, winter, and spring in the Auckland area.
Brien, Chamberlain, et al. (1959) state that downy mildew on onions is widespread in New Zealand, being particularly serious in the North Island, where in some seasons it causes considerable reduction in yield and in quality of bulbs. They recommend spraying with either copper oxychloride or maneb, commencing at the seedling stage and continuing through the season.
Yerkes and Shaw (1959) regarded the fungus present on Chenopodium and Spinacia as one and the same species. Downy mildew is common on Chenopodium throughout New Zealand. Although listed by Money (1961) as a troublesome disease of spinach it is rarely seen in New Zealand on this host.
In late autumn and winter anemone mildew can cause considerable loss when this ornamental [Anemone coronaria] is grown for cut flowers, especially in the Auckland area. It considerably distorts the leaves and malforms the flowers. This fungus has recently appeared in New Zealand and could have been introduced in corms.
From inoculation experiments carried out by Jafar (1962) conidia from the different Hebe spp. failed to infect plants of a different species of Hebe. Morphologically the fungus on Veronica is identical with that on Hebe. Downy mildew has at times caused losses of plants of Hebe spp. in nurseries in the Auckland area. Hebe and Parahebe spp. are indigenous to New Zealand.
In New Zealand this downy mildew has been reported only on endemic species of Myosotis. It has been collected from Botanic Gardens in both Christchurch and Wellington, but not from plants in their native habitat.
Downy mildew is common on this introduced weed host [Spergula arvensis] throughout New Zealand.
Downy mildew on brassica crops was reported from New Zealand by Kirk (1906) In some seasons it can be an important disease, especially in seedling beds. In cabbage and in cauliflower it may cause considerable discoloration of tissues of mature heads. Jafar (1963) reported an outbreak of downy mildew on stock plants; in the Auckland area it attacked seedlings and adult plants and stocks could no longer be grown as an early spring bedding plant; Jafar suggested that streptomycin sprays may be used for its control.
It is recorded only from a single collection from Dunedin. Both host and downy mildew are introduced.
Smith and Newhook (1961) recorded downy mildew on leaves, calyx, and fruits of boysenberries and blackberries causing a disease locally known as "dry berry". They recorded it from boysenberries in the Auckland and Nelson areas where it was responsible for considerable crop losses for a number of years. They observed that a colloidal sulphur-lime sulphur spray programme used to control eriophyid mites also gave some control of the downy mildew fungus. It occurs on roses grown out of doors; in Auckland in a humid early summer season in 1961 it attacked leaves, calyx, and flowers. In recent seasons similar outbreaks have occurred. Both in boysenberries and roses, although of only minor economic importance, it can be troublesome in some seasons.
Downy mildew is common on Lucerne, especially in spring. It rarely occurs on Trifolium spp. It is of little economic importance.
Kirk (1906) recorded downy mildew in garden peas and field peas. Brien, Chamberlain, et al. (1955) stated that although downy mildew was not of major economic importance it may be troublesome in early pea crops. For its control they suggested crop rotation and stressed the necessity for either deep ploughing or burning refuse from infected crops. They suggested spraying with copper sprays if the crop is small. It is recorded on Vicia in Canterbury Province.
It is doubtful if this species is a pathogen. It was described by Guba from a culture at the Commonwealth Mycological Institute from New Zealand from swedes.
Birch (1937b) listed it as a facultative parasite causing damping-off of seedlings. He stated that it had been isolated from living seeds of Cupressus ntacrocarpa and Agathis australis. He also noted that it caused stem and branch lesions on cypress trees of all ages. Gilmour (1966a) considered it a weak parasite of seedlings and suggested that it is a secondary invader to the damping-off fungi.
It is doubtful if Pestalotia is a primary pathogen; it probably invades damaged tissue on leaves and twigs, penetrating into healthy tissue and causing dieback and leaf lesions. It is of minor economic importance.
McArthur (1959) recorded it from leaves of Rhododendron from Palmerston North and New Plymouth. She stated that it occurs as a secondary parasite on leaves of plants that have been weakened through other causes such as wind damage or insect attack.
It is suggested by Brook (1957) that this fungus had been previously recorded by Taylor and Brien (1943) as Neofabraea malicorticis (Cordley) Jackson; he showed that together with Pezicula malicorticis it is responsible for ripe spot on apple fruits; it overwinters on trees as a dieback on small stubs left after pruning. Padfield and Cooper (1965) showed that storing fruit at temperatures a little above freezing held up the development of the fungus for 120-180 days. In some seasons, especially when fruit has been picked late in the season, it is an important pathogen.
Brien (1932b) identified and described Gloeosporium perennans as the causal organism of the rot of stored apple fruits reported by Cunningham (1925a) as Delicious Spot. Taylor and Brien (1943) noted that in some seasons it may be of considerable economic importance, especially in Nelson. Taylor (1946) showed that the application of summer Bordeaux sprays would control the disease. Brook (1959) recommended, to control ripe spot, spray programmes which included phenyl mercury chloride applied at regular intervals until December and then replaced with captan for the remainder of the season. He also recommended that fruit should be stored between 36-38°F. Padfield and Cooper (1965) showed that a temperature a little above freezing suspended development of the fungus lesions for approximately three to four months.
Sooty blotch on Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) was reported by Gilmour (1959a) to be present only in plantations within a 60-mile radius of Taupo. He reported that it appeared not to be causing any damage to the trees.
Gilmour (1966a) stated that the fungus is responsible for heart rot in Podocarpus totara causing a yellow pipe rot. The fungus is recorded only from Australia and New Zealand; as it is not very common the species is of minor economic importance.
Cunningham (1948f) misidentified some specimens of this fungus as Fomes setulosus. It is responsible for a pocket heart rot of a number of indigenous timber trees.
Cunningham (1948f) and Gilmour (1966a) described it as causing white rot of dead trunks and logs of a number of native trees. As it is common on mature trees in indigenous forest it is of economic importance.
Cunningham (1948f) listed collections on Beilschmiedia, Carpodeotus and Metrosideros as Fomes zealandicus Cke., but in 1965 separated F. senex from F. zealandicus on morphology of the hymenial layer; he placed both species in the genus Phellinus. Gilmour (1966a) listed it as causing a white pocket heart rot in these native trees. It is of minor economic importance.
In New Zealand this shelf fungus is associated with a white pocket heart rot in a number of indigenous forest trees. It is only of importance in mature stands of indigenous timber trees.
This fungus was described from New Zealand by Cooke in 1879 from Coromandel, New Zealand; Cunningham (1948f) listed it as occurring on five hosts but confused the species with F. senex. Gilmour (1966a) states that it is a common white heart rot on some endemic forest trees.
Records in the herbarium, Plant Diseases Division, Auckland, show that this fungus occurs on mulberry leaves throughout the North Island. It may cause early defoliation of the trees.
This is a doubtful record. Specimens from New Zealand at the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, are not of this species.
Phoma root rot of celery was first reported in New Zealand in celery crops in the Auckland area in 1965. It did considerable damage to the crops in which it was present. It was probably introduced with seeds of the host.
Records of this fungus in New Zealand are known only as occurring on imported Australian grown sweet oranges.
Atkinson et al. (1949) described a fruit rot [of tomato] caused by this fungus; it is suggested that this record is a misidentification ofPhoma exigua Desm.
In winter glasshouse crops of tomatoes in the Auckland area it can be of importance. It occurs as a wound pathogen on stem injuries due to "lateraling". It may also cause a fruit rot of outdoor grown tomatoes. It occurs on tubers and haulms of potatoes but is only of minor importance.
Phoma sp. was recorded during a disease survey of flax crops carried out during 1943-44 in south Canterbury and Otago associated with a basal stem rot. Kerr (1953) stated that this New Zealand fungus was morphologically identical with Ascochyta linicola.
Recorded by Berry-Smith (1959) as causing "excoriosis" of grapes. No specimens have been seen.
In a survey of potato stores carried out by Dr Brook of Plant Diseases Division, Auckland, in the winter of 1950, Phoma foveata was found to be one of the common causes of dry rot. It is occasionally present on senescent potato haulms.
Both fungus and host are introduced. Cunningham (1927a) noted that it was killing plants of goats rue growing on the banks of the Manawatu River at Palmerston North.
New Zealand records of Phoma and Phyllosticta sp. on apples have been listed as Phoma pomi Passer when occurring on fruit and Phyllosticta pyrina when on leaves. Phoma sp. on apples in New Zealand need to be reassessed, but examination of herbaria material shows that a species similar to P. limitata (Peck.) Boerema is common in some apple varieties.
New host record. Black stem due to Phoma medicaginis on lucerne (Medicago sativa) is especially common in the South Island in crops which have been irrigated. It may be of considerable economic importance.
Cruickshank (1957a) and Brien, Chamberlain, et al. (1955) recorded A. pinodella as one of the fungi responsible for collar rot in peas in New Zealand; they also associated this fungus with a purplish angular leaf spot. Cruickshank (1957a) demonstrated that it was seed-borne in seed crops harvested in Canterbury and Marlborough. It can be of considerable economic importance.
Phoma prunicola is common as a leaf spot on apple leaves and fruit; it occurs occasionally on leaves of peaches and plums causing a shot hole lesion. Some collections of Phoma prunicola on plum have been confused with leaf lesions of bacterial canker and blast (Xanthomonas pruni and Pseudomonas syringae). It is of minor economic importance. In apples it is controlled by the fungicide spray programme applied to control bitter rot (Glomerella cingulata) and black spot (Venturia inaequalis).
Both host and fungus are indigenous to New Zealand; it forms a leaf spot on Leptospermum. It is of no economic importance.
Both fungus and host are indigenous to New Zealand. It is found associated with dieback on Carmichaelia. It is of no economic importance.
Birch (1933) and Gilmour (1966a) record this fungus as a common wound pathogen of stems often causing a stern canker. It may be common in nursery plants.
Smith (1953) stated that this leaf spot on strawberries was present only in the Auckland city area. It has since been recorded throughout New Zealand. It is rarely of economic importance.
The rust is indigenous to New Zealand and is common about Wellington and in the South Island. Two species of Acaena are indigenous, whilst A. ovina is an Australian species naturalised in New Zealand.
Cunningham (1924a) referred this species to Phragmidium potentilla Karst; in 1930 he described it as an indigenous species occurring only on an indigenous host. It has been recorded only from Otago and is of no economic importance. This species will have to be renamed as the combination Phragoddhon acuminatum is already occupied.
Rose rust is common throughout New Zealand (Cunningham, 1924a). As it causes premature defoliation and limits growth of plants, it is of economic importance in nurseries and commercial plantings. Marcussen (1962) recommended for its control regular sprays with zineb or sulphur. Cockayne (1910) suggested that it could be used for the biological control of sweet briar in Otago and south Canterbury, but, as it is difficult to establish the rust, its use in biological control is limited (Cunningham, 1927a).
Both rust and host plant [Acaena novaezelandiae] are endemic to New Zealand. It is common throughout the country.
This rust was first recorded in New Zealand from a collection from Palmerston North in February 1944. Within the next five years it became widespread throughout the country. It does little damage to plants except to produce early defoliation. It was introduced into New Zealand with propagating material of the host [Rubus idaeus].
Records show this rust to occur only in Wellington Province in the North Island but to be common throughout the South Island. It is an indigenous rust species occurring only on indigenous host species [Acaena spp.].
It is recorded only from the type locality, Silverdale, North Auckland. Both host and fungus are indigenous to New Zealand.
Tar spot on this cosmopolitan but indigenous grass is common in the Auckland Province. It is of no economic importance, as this grass occurs only as a ground cover in the indigenous forest.
Tar spot [of Festuca pratensis] is occasionally recorded from the North Island. It is of no economic importance.
This leaf spot is common on loquats in North Auckland. As loquats are not grown as a commercial crop, it is of no economic importance.
Reported only from Canterbury.
Marcussen (1958) recorded Phyllosticta as a common leaf spot on violets: He suggested regular sprays with captan for its control.
This Australian species is recorded from a collection of this introduced host from Auckland, 1962. It caused considerable canker formation on stems of this tree. As the host species is only grown for ornament it is of no economic importance.
This fungus has been found associated with tip dieback of willows in the Auckland and Nelson areas. Although no material of Gnomonia bullata has been examined, the description suggests that this species is a synonym of Physalospora miyabeana.
Crown wart of lucerne has been recorded only once, from experimental plots at Crop Research Division, D.S.I.R., Lincoln, Canterbury. It was thought to have been introduced with a new strain of the host.
Smith (1950) showed that the condition known as sour sap in apple trees was primarily due to a collar rot caused by Phytophihora cactorum. He showed that the fungus also attacked gooseberries and hops. It is common in Auckland (Huapai), Wellington (Greytown), and Nelson (Redwood Valley) districts. Smith (1955b) (1955c) observed that some apple rootstocks were resistant to the disease. Woodhead (1958), in a survey carried out in Nelson and Marlborough provinces, showed that in 69 apple orchards infected trees were found, especially in the variety Cox's Orange; he noted that poor drainage was a contributing factor. Newhook and Geldermalsen (1962) indicated that P. cactorum was also present in the root rot disease complex in Moutere causing die-back of apple trees. Control measures include the improvement of soil drainage and the application of soil drenches such as a copper fungicide or captan. Newhook (1959) showed that P. cactorum was associated with the death of Pinus radiata and other conifers in shelter hedges in Auckland and the North Auckland districts. It sometimes occurs as a fruit rot of strawberries causing the disease known as leathery fruit.
Newhook (1959) showed that this fungus was abundant in many New Zealand soils in indigenous and exotic forest. In forests where soil conditions were favourable to tree growth it did not appear to affect the growth of trees, but if soil conditions became waterlogged then the fungus caused considerable rootlet death. Hepting and Newhook (1962) showed the similarity of this disease condition in five species of Pinus in Waipoua, North Auckland, with little leaf disease of the same Pinus spp. in North America. Bassett (1961) reported considerable damage in conifer nurseries. Phytophthora cinnamomi may be extremely damaging to a number of ornamental shrubs such as Banksia, Camellia, Isopogon, Leucospermum, and Protea. In nurseries it can be of considerable economic importance; soil drenching with captan sometimes reduces the effect of the disease.
Phytophthora citricola was recorded from New Zealand by Waterhouse (1957) from cultures sent to the Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England. Christie (1956) showed that of the hop varieties grown in New Zealand, `Fuggle', `Burford', and `Golding' were resistant to black crown rot. In antirrhinum and petunia P. citricola was associated with seedling root rot. Newhook (1959) showed that P. citricola was associated with death of pines in shelter hedges in the North Auckland area.
Boucher (1912) recorded brown rot on citrus trees in New Zealand. Cunningham (1925a) described both a fruit rot and a stem canker caused by the fungus. Fletcher (1954) reported that in wet seasons infection can be severe in the Auckland area resulting in loss of all fruit on the trees; he recommended the application during winter months of copper sprays such as Bordeaux mixture. Fletcher (1957b) showed that when Poncirus trifoliata was used as a rootstock it was more resistant to the formation of stem cankers than sweet orange stock.
Phytophthora cryptogea was first reported from New Zealand causing a basal rot of tomato seedlings from Auckland and Timaru (Brier, 1940c). It also occurred as a basal rot of seedlings of some bedding annuals. Robinson (1957b) recorded it as the cause of a basal crown rot of Gerbera sp. .Jacks (1951 b) suggested that it could be controlled with soil drenches of copper oxychloride; more recently captan has been used as a soil drench and has proved most satisfactory.
Pink rot of potato tubers caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica was recorded from Canterbury in 1953. Blair (1956b) reported the disease as serious in Waimate, Canterbury.
Smith (1951 a) isolated Phytophthora fragariae from roots of strawberry plants showing red core symptoms in the Auckland district. He found it associated with a similar root rot condition in strawberry plants in Wellington and Canterbury. For control of the disease he recommended the planting of disease free runners in clean ground and suggested the introduction from overseas of resistant strawberry varieties. As the fungus is specific to strawberries it was probably introduced into New Zealand with propagating material of the host.
As leaves and fruit of Citrus infected with Phytophthora hibernalis are indistinguishable from those produced by P. citrophthora, past records have been included under the latter species. It is common in wet seasons throughout the Auckland Province where citrus is grown.
Atkinson et al. (1949) stated that late blight on tomatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans is widespread throughout the country, attacking both introduced as well as indigenous species of Solanum. In the Auckland Province it often causes crop losses of up to 50%; it damages leaves, stems, and fruit. Similarly late blight in potato crops in the Auckland area causes considerable damage. Driver (1957) showed that in Otahuhu, Auckland, five races of Phytophthora infestans were present; the disease was present throughout the year. At Lincoln, Canterbury, where late blight is present only in wet autumn seasons, only three races were present. Race 0 was collected only from diseased indigenous species of Solanum. The potato varieties 'Rua' and 'Tahi', bred by Crop Research Division, Christchurch, were resistant to all races of late blight present in New Zealand (Driver, 1960). In spray trials with potatoes at Pukekohe, Auckland, Harrow (1961) showed that maneb produced a higher yield of tubers than when copper sprays were applied to give control of late blight; both sprays gave good control of late blight.
Newhook (1959) recorded Phytophthora megasperma from soils associated with rootlet death of pines. Bassett (1961) isolated this fungus from nursery beds associated with damping-off of pine seedlings.
Black shank or black root rot of tobacco has up till the present been listed as due to Phytophthora parasitica. Waterhouse (1956) showed that P. nicotianae was the older name for this species. It is common in seedling beds as a black root rot (Anon., 1952a) and as a stem canker in mature tobacco plants in Nelson (Anon., 1953b). Tests for varietal susceptibility showed that 'Harrison's Special 215' and `Virginia Gold' were especially susceptible to the disease (Anon., 1956b).
It is recorded occasionally as a fruit rot of tomatoes. It has also been isolated from stem lesions on a 20-year-old tree of Agathis australis.
Smith (1956a) records Phytophthora syringae as the cause of a collar rot and stem canker on apricots, cherries, and peaches in orchards near Christchurch in 1955. He suggested that winter applications of copper sprays should control the disease.
Cunningham (1965) stated that collections of this species were earlier identified as Polyporus eucalyptorum Fr., but, as the type of this species is missing, the species cannot be identified. In New Zealand in indigenous forests it occurs only on Nothofagus spp., where it causes a cubical heart rot. It has also been collected on a pear tree (Pyrus communis) in Hawke's Bay.
Placosoma is a common leaf spot on Neopanax spp., throughout New Zealand. Both fungus and host plants are indigenous to New Zealand.
Gibbs (1931) summarised the occurrence in New Zealand of club root in crucifers caused by Plasmodiophora; he suggested for its control a liberal application of lime prior to sowing, and the use of resistant crop varieties. In further work (Gibbs, 1934) her, recommended drenching infected areas with 0.1 % acidulated mercuric chloride solution at the rate of 2 gallons per square yard. Resistance has been bred into Swedes and turnip varieties suitable for New Zealand conditions, e.g. 'N.Z. Wilhelmsburger Swede', the `Wye Swede' 'N.Z. Purple Resistant' turnip, and 'N.Z. Green Resistant' turnip. In some districts this resistance has broken down, and Lammerink (1964, 1965a, b) showed that there were at least seven races of Plasmodiophora present in New Zealand; he pointed out that continuous cropping with the same resistant variety will at times select races of the fungus that are adapted to previously resistant varieties of the host plant. In vegetable crops varieties resistant to local races of Plasmodiophora have been bred for the control of club root on cabbage and cauliflower. Watson (1965) recommended the dipping of plants in a slurry of calomel when transplanting from the seed bed.
Downy mildew is common on the endemic species Geranium sessiliflortum var. glabrum, especially when grown in cultivation: it is also common on the weed species G. molle in humid weather in spring and autumn.
During the autumn of 1926 Woodfin (1926) recorded an outbreak of downy mildew on grape vines from Henderson, Auckland. Berry-Smith (1965) noted that this disease was particularly severe in Auckland and areas north of Auckland where warm moist conditions encouraged growth of the fungus. He suggested regular applications of copper sprays for its control-preferably Bordeaux mixture-but he noted that these sprays could cause hardening and stunting of foliage. It has also been suggested (Anon. 1957a) that regular application of thiram sprays also controls mildew on grapes but does not damage the growth of vines.
This fungus has become common throughout New Zealand, causing defoliation of [lupin] plants; stem and pod lesions are also formed. As both host plants and fungus are introduced, the disease could be seed borne.
Dry rot in the bulbs of fodder beet and mangels may cause considerable losses. It is seed borne. Smith (1961) stated that it may also cause damping-off of seedlings and suggested for its control seed dusting with thiram, captan, or organic mercuric compounds. He stressed the importance of feeding off completely old crops, or deeply ploughing in crop debris before the spring, as airborne spores from this debris can reinfect new seasons crops.
In New Zealand Pleospora herbarum occurs as a saprophyte, as a weak secondary pathogen or in some cases as a primary pathogen. Strains that are primary pathogens are usually host specific. Slade (1963) showed that on lettuce in Auckland, Hawke's Bay, and Manawatu districts, it occurs as a primary pathogen. He also showed that isolates of this fungus from Solanum nigrum infected lettuce. He recommended regular sprays with captan or maneb for its control. A culture from chrysanthemum from Palmerston North was shown to be associated with a ray floret blight. Isolates from Lucerne leaf spot and leaf spot on Gladiolus were also shown to be pathogenic to these two hosts respectively. Brien, Chamberlain, et al. (1959) noted that on onions it occurred as a weak parasite on flower stalks and leaves, usually following downy mildew (Peronospora destructor). On lemons, passionfruit, gorse, carnations, and lupins it is associated with a tip dieback either as a saprophyte or as a weak wound pathogen following damage by insects or weather. It is also recorded as a rot of tomato fruits (Dingley, 1960b) and as a storage rot of apple fruits (Cooper and Padfield, 1965).
Cunningham (1925a) and Woodhead (1959) stated that powdery mildew on apples is one of the most serious diseases with which a grower has to contend. It occurs in all apple-growing areas in New Zealand. They list `Jonathan', 'Cox's Orange', 'Gravenstein', `Stunner Pippin', `Lord Wolseley', `Dunn's Favourite', and 'Cleopatra' as susceptible varieties. Systematic culling out of infected shoots and buds during the winter pruning combined with a suitable spray schedule is recommended for its control. Woodhead (1959) stated that colloidal sulphur used with lime sulphur has greatly improved the control of the disease and has reduced the spray damage to fruit. Geldermalsen (1963) showed that an intensive programme of sulphur sprays gave the best control, especially when applied for two successive seasons.
Powdery mildew on stone fruit occurs occasionally in the fruit-growing areas of New Zealand. On hawthorn hedges it occurs especially on the new growth following hard pruning. This mildew is specific to host plants belonging to Rosaceae.
It is recorded from a laurel hedge near Dunedin.
Brien (1934) described this fungus from apple fruit held in cold store in New Zealand. Ainsworth and Bisby (1961) stated that the genus Polyopeus Horne is synonymous with Phoma. Unfortunately no herbarium material was kept from Brien's studies. In recent researches on apple fruit rots (Brook 1960; Cooper and Padfield, 1965) it has not been recorded. It is suggested that the name in New Zealand could have been confused with the Phomopsis stage of Diaporthe perniciosa.
Gilmour (1966a) stated that this fungus causes a white pocket heart rot, which is common, particularly in mature trees of Nothofagus menziesii. It is of minor economic importance.
Both fungus and host plants are introduced; Birch (1935) stated that this fungus attacked stems of wounded trees one to ten years old, particularly after late frost injury. He noted that it destroyed many thousands of acres of Pinus radiata planted in unfavourable sites in 1925-35. Gilmour (1966a) noted that it is still common and widespread in its occurence in New Zealand pine forests.
Downy mildew can he troublesome in both outdoor and glasshouse crops of cucumber. It occurs on outdoor crops of melons and pumpkins. Both Gillard (1951) and Coleman and Gillard (1958) recommended copper sprays for its control. Nowadays dithiocarbamate sprays are also recommended.
Recorded by Cunningham (1922b) but no specimens are present in the herbarium of Plant Diseases Division.
In warm wet seasons it is common throughout New Zealand [on Medicago species]. It is of minor economic importance, as it may cause some defoliation before the pasture is ready to cut.
Pseudopeziza ribis causes leaf spot on currants and gooseberries; it may cause early leaf fall. It is common throughout New Zealand but of minor economic importance.
Leaf spot on clover is common throughout New Zealand in autumn, winter, and spring; it could be of economic importance in pastures.
It was first listed by Cunningham as Puccinia novae-zelandiae G.H. Cunn' but as the specific name was occupied he renamed it in 1930 as P. akiraho. It occurs sporadically throughout New Zealand. Both rust and host plants [Olearia spp.] are endemic.
Baylis (1954) studied rust species infecting indigenous species of Clemati.s. He separated out Puccinia alboclava on teleutospore characters. He recorded it only from seedling plants from Otago and Wellington.
Onion rust occurs sporadically throughout New Zealand on onions, chives, and shallots. During the last ten years it has not become sufficiently well established in any part of New Zealand to be of economic importance. In 1965 it occurred on garlic, and there was an outbreak of the disease in garlic crops in Blenheim.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that the host [Anisotome haastii] is endemic and confined to mountain districts of the South Island. Puccinia anistominis is an endemic species of rust occurring only on an endemic host plant.
Rust on antirrhinum was first recorded in New Zealand from collections gathered in Auckland in December 1953 (Helson, 1953b). Within three years it had spread throughout the country. Baker (1956) described the rust from New Zealand material. Jacks and Webb (1956c) showed that regular sprays with zineb, maneb, or sulphur gave some control of the disease. Close (1958) concluded that as rust-resistant varieties from England became heavily infected with rust when grown in New Zealand, it was the American race that was present in New Zealand. It was probably introduced into New Zealand with debris in seed. In New Zealand, infection has been so heavy that it has limited the use of antirrhinums as a late-spring or summer bedding annual.
This endemic rust species is recorded only on an endemic Celmisia sp. from the subalpine herb fields on Mt. Egmont in the North Island and on the Southern Alps in the South Island.
In New Zealand this rust is recorded from a single collection made by Berggren in 1874 and recently examined and recorded by Jorstad on this endemic species of Stellaria.
Only the type collection from the South Island on this endemic rush [Rostkovia gracilis] is in the herbarium of Plant Diseases Division, Auckland.
This record is based on a misidentification of damage on asparagus possibly due to weather.
This endemic rust species is common throughout New Zealand on Olearia spp. It may cause considerable distortion to shoots and leaves. As host plants are only under shrubs in the indigenous forest, the rust is of no economic importance. Cunningham (1924a) described the aecidial stage on Olearia macrodonta as Aecidium macrodontae: he (1924b) described this rust on Olearia rani (syn. O. cunninghamii) as Puccinia heketare. He liter (1931a) listed these species as synonyms of P. atkinsonii.
The host plant [Lobelia anceps] and rust are common throughout New Zealand. The host is only a small indigenous herbaceous species.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that both host species [Carduus tenuiforus] and rust are introduced: the rust is common on this host throughout New Zealand.
This European species of rust was recorded by Cunningham (1931a) as Puccinia caricis Rebent. Baker (1956) listed records under P. caricina. All host species of Carex are indigenous: the rust is common throughout New Zealand. The aecidial stage is occasionally collected on the endemic species of Urtica.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that all host plants save Celmisia fongifolia Cass. were endemic, this last extending to Australia and Tasmania. Allan (1961) showed that C. longifolia is not present in New Zealand. Collections cited by Cunningham on this host are shown to be characteristic of C. gracilenta and C. alpina. The rust is common on Celmisia spp. in mountainous regions throughout New Zealand. When Celmisia spp. are cultivated as rock plants the rust may become a problem. Petrak (1953) recorded Puccinia celmisiae from Australia on Celmisia longifolia.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that chrysanthemum rust was common in New Zealand wherever the host is grown. Only the uredospore stage has been recorded in this country. In some seasons it can be of considerable importance in commercial plantings grown for cut flowers. Hudson (1946) suggested that the disease was carried on the old stools. At the end of the season, if the plants have been heavily infected, they should be dug up and destroyed. Salinger (1956) recommended the application of sprays of thiram, lime sulphur, or colloidal sulphur for its control. Zineb could also be used.
Although Puccinia clavata was recorded by Cunningham (1931a) on Clematis paniculata (syn. C. indivisa), Baylis (1954) showed by inoculation experiments that it infected only Clematis forsteri (C. hexasepala). He named the uredospore form infecting C. paniculata as a new species, Uredo puamhananga Baylis. Puccinia clavata is indigenous to New Zealand.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that all hosts of this rust are endemic to New Zealand. They occur only in the South Island. He. separated this species from other rusts occurring on Gentiana spp. in New Zealand by the shape of the teleutospores and by the light colour of the thin epispore of uredospores.
The host [Ranunculus lappaceus] is a small herbaceous species indigenous to New Zealand and widespread in its occurrence in this country. The host also occurs in Tasmania and Australia (Allan, 1961 p. 157). The rust is endemic and occurs only sporadically in the South Island in New Zealand.
Of the hosts, four species (C. australis, C. lucida, C. repens and C. robusta) are endemic to New Zealand. C. pumila is indigenous to New Zealand, the sub-Antarctic Islands, Tasmania and Australia. The rust is widespread throughout New Zealand. It has been recorded from Australia on Coprosma hirtella (Petrak, 1953).
Cunningham, (1931a) stated that aecidiosori have not been collected in New Zealand and that the rust is perpetuated by means of uredospores overwintering on grass hosts. He concluded that the rust species consists of numerous forms separable by their reactions towards differential hosts. Cruickshank (1956) found that there were 13 physiological races of Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae present in New Zealand; he investigated resistance of hybrid ryegrass strains to P. coronata f. sp. lolii and found that short-rotation ryegrass is highly resistant to crown rust, whilst perennial ryegrass is highly susceptible (Cruickshank, 1957b). Puccinia coronata can be troublesome in oat crops in Canterbury (Wratt, 1956). It is very common in ryegrass throughout New Zealand, sometimes making it unpalatable to stock (Cruickshank, 1957b; Latch, 1966a).
The host [Dichelachne crinita] is an indigenous species extending to Australia and New Zealand. The rust occurs throughout New Zealand.
The host [Angelica montana] is endemic and occurs in both the North and South Islands: the rust is endemic and is recorded only from the South Island.
The rust and the host plant [Centaurea cyanus] are introduced (Cunningham 1931a), the latter being a common garden plant. The rust occurs only sporadically in New Zealand. From the records in the herbarium at Plant Diseases Division there are three records from the Wellington Province in 1921-1923 and another from Marlborough in 1955.
Both host plant [Cynodon dactylon] and rust are introduced. Baker (1956) recorded only the uredospore stage from New Zealand. Teleutospores were described by McNabb (1962b). It is common in the North Island, especially in North Auckland: there is a collection from Nelson in the South Island.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that the rust is distributed throughout North and South America, Australia and New Zealand. Since Dichondra repens has become widely used in lawns and bowling greens the rust has become common throughout New Zealand. Both rust and host plants are indigenous to New Zealand.
Both rust and host plant [Celmisia glandulosa] are endemic and confined to the mountain regions of both islands (Cunningham, 1931a.)
The rust occurs in Chile and New Zealand: the host plant [Euphrasia cuneata] is endemic to New Zealand. Cunningham (1931a) stated that it is not uncommon in mountain regions in the North Island but is sparingly distributed in the south.
McNabb (1962a) stated that both host plant [Stipa variabilis] and rust are indigenous to Australia and New Zealand. The rust is known only from Amberley, Canterbury.
Both host plant and rust are endemic to New Zealand. It is common on Celmisia spectabilis in mountain regions in both the North and South Islands.
This endemic rust species [Ranunculus enysii] on is known only from the type collection.
The rust is a Tasmanian species (McNabb, 1962a): the host plant [Geum uniflorum] is endemic to mountain districts in the South Island (Allan, 1961).
The host plant [Geum parviflorum] is indigenous to New Zealand, growing only in mountain regions in the North and South Islands. It also occurs in Chile and Fuegia. The rust is recorded only from the type locality.
Both the host plants [Geranium australe and G. microphyllum] and rust are present in Australia and Tasmania. In New Zealand the rust is common on plants growing on the sea coast of Hawke's Bay and Wellington.
This South American rust is common on both introduced and indigenous species of Gnaphalium. In recent years it has become very common on a common weed species of Gnaphalium in the Auckland area.
Cunningham (1931 a) stated that both rust and host plant [Aciphylla monroi] are endemic. It occurs only in mountain areas in the South Island.
Stem rust is common in New Zealand on a wide range of introduced grasses; in species listed, Deyeuxia avenoides and Poa anceps are endemic, and Agropyron scabrum, Deschampsia caespitosa, Echinopogon ovatus, and Hierochloe redolens are indigenous (McNabb, 19626). The aecidial stage on Berberis has not been collected in New Zealand. The species B. aristata commonly used for hedgerows is immune to rust (Allen, 1961 b). The uredospore stage of this rust occurs in autumn and winter on a number of species of grasses. In wheat-growing areas in Canterbury stern rust is not a problem, but in the North Island infection may be heavy and cause considerable crop losses. Allen (1961b) listed the Australian varieties `Festival' and 'Mengawi' as stem rust resistant. McEwan (1964) showed that a new rust race was present in New Zealand,which infected 'Festival', he suggested the resistant varieties 'Gamerya' and 'Mengawi' for planting in areas in the North Island where stern rust frequently occurs.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that the three host species [Senecio spp.] and the rust are endemic. Although host plants are present in subalpine scrub in both islands, the rust is confined to mountain areas in the South Island.
Both rust and host plant [Viola cunninghamii] occur in Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand (Cunningham, 1931a). The rust is common throughout New Zealand.
This rust occurs only sporadically in New Zealand. Cunningham (1931a) stated that this rust has been introduced with the host plants [Cichorium intybusand Hypochoeris glabra].
Rust on barley was recorded from New Zealand in the Wanganui area by Blundell (1899). Cunningham (1922b) recorded the rust under the species Puccinia simplex Erikss. and Henn.; in 1931 he listed P. simplex as a synonym of P. anomala Rostr. McNabb (1962a) listed P. anomala as a synonym of P. hordei. In some seasons in some parts of New Zealand rust on barley can be of considerable importance. The aecidial stage has not been recorded in this country.
White rust (Puccinia horiana) was first observed in New Zealand in April 1964 in a Palmerston North nursery. In autumn 1965 it had become widespread throughout New Zealand. It caused considerable damage to both outdoor and glasshouse crops of chrysanthemums grown for cut flowers. As with P. clrrysanthemi, heavily infected stools should be destroyed. Sprays of zineb or sulphur if applied at regular intervals throughout the season will give protection from the rust.
The rust is a cosmopolitan species (Cunningham, 1931a) occurring on four species of Hydrocotyle, three of which are endemic to New Zealand. Hydrocotyle tripartita is indigenous to Australia and Tasmania as well as New Zealand. It is common throughout the country on these indigenous herbs.
Both host species [Cardamine spp.] and rust are endemic to New Zealand. The host plants occur in subalpine regions of both islands; the rust occurs only in the South Island.
Rust on iris was introduced into New Zealand with bulbs of Iris xiphium imported from Holland (Dingley and Brien, 1956). In the following season it was recorded in Wellington, Auckland, and Nelson districts. The rust occurs sporadically on Iris spp. throughout New Zealand but recently it appears to be well established in the Wairarapa area. Say (1964) noted it was not widespread in New Zealand.
The rust is indigenous to New Zealand but also occurs in Australia and Tasmania. The host species include three that are endemic to New Zealand (Juacus novae-zelandiae, J. polyanthemos, and J. vaginatus); the indigenous species J. pallidus and J. pusillus are also present in Australia and Tasmania. J. effusus is a cosmopolitan species. The rust is common throughout New Zealand.
The host plant [Olearia nummularifolia] is endemic, occuring in mountainous regions in both the North and the South Island. The rust has been found in both islands.
The host plant [Angelica geniculata] and rust are both endemic to New Zealand. The rust occurs only in Canterbury.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that both host and rust species are endemic, the one host, Rumex flexuosus, being widespread throughout New Zealand. The rust has been recorded from the South Island only.
The host plant [Angelica rosaefolia] is endemic and confined to coastal areas in the North Island. The rust occurs occasionally on this plant.
The rust and host plants are endemic, occurring in the mountainous districts; Anistome aromatica is the only species found in the North Island (Cunningham, 1931b). The rust is present in both North and South Islands.
Owing to the introduction into Europe of the Australasian species of rust fungus on groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), the identification of three species of rust oil hosts in Compositae has been reinvestigated by Viennot-Bourgin (1964) and Wilson, Walshaw, and Walker (1965). Viennot-Bourgin separated groundsel rust from Puccinia erechtites McAlpine on morphology of teleutospores but Wilson, Walshaw, and Walker (1965) regard both species as being the same rust; they also regard these species as synonymous with P. distincta and P. lagenophora, P. lagenophora being the prior name. As teleutospore characters are variable, the synonomy given by Wilson, Walshaw, and Walker (1965) has been accepted. Cunningham (1931b) suggested that with this fungus, a rust endemic to Australasia, has spread to exotic host species such as Bellis perennis, Calendula officinalis, Senecio cruentus and S. vulgaris. It is very common throughout New Zealand; when cultigens of Bellis perennis are grown as ornamental bedding plants, the rust can be most destructive.
Both host [Lapsana communis] and rust are common in waste places throughout the warmer parts of New Zealand (Cunningham, 1931a).
The host plant [Eleocharis sphacelata] is endemic. The rust has been collected only from a single locality.
The rust has been introduced into New Zealand with the hosts [Althaea, Lavatera, Malva spp.], all of which are introduced species (Cunningham, 1931a). Rust and hosts are widely distributed throughout New Zealand.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that the rust is endemic, and that two of the hosts [Carex berggreni and C. whakatipu] are endemic, whereas the third, C. pyreniaca, is a cosmopolitan species. The rust is recorded only from the South Island.
This endemic rust species is widely distributed throughout New Zealand; of the hosts (Cunningham 1931a), Carex wallii is endemic and the other two are indigenous. Carex inversa is extended to Australia and C. pumila to Australia, Asia, and South America.
Mint rust was introduced on imported mint plants in December 1959 and became established in a garden in Christchurch in the following spring 1960. By the summer 1964-65 it occurred throughout New Zealand in home gardens and in areas where the host species has become naturalised (McNabb, 1966). As mint in most parts of the country is not grown commercially no control measures have been practised.
The host [Mentha cunninghamii] and the rust are endemic to New Zealand. Cunningham (1923b) first described this rust as Puccinia menthae Pers. but later (1930) separated it as a new species. Baxter (1960) described it as a variety of P. menthae.
Both host plant [Pelargonium inodorum] and rust occur in Australia and New Zealand. In New Zealand the rust has been collected only in the Wellington area.
Cunningham (1928) recorded the uredospore stage of this rust as Uredo moschata. Both host [Olearia moschata] and rust are endemic to New Zealand; it has been collected only from one locality in Canterbury.
Both the host [Anisotome filifolia] and rust are endemic; the rust occurs only in north Canterbury.
There is a single collection [on Myosotis capitata] in the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, from Auckland. Cunningham (1931a) stated that he had not seen Berkeley's material. No other collections of this rust exist.
Both rust and host [Cirsium arvense] are introduced. The host is a troublesome weed throughout New Zealand. Experiments have been carried out without success to use this rust as a biological control of this weed (Cunningham, 1927a) but it has always proved impossible to establish a heavy enough infection to eradicate the weed.
Both rust and host are introduced. Rust on paspalum grass has been found only in the Dargaville area, North Auckland. As yet it is of no economic importance.
Both rust fungus and host [Ourisia spp.] plants are endemic. They are confined to mountain regions in both islands.
Cunningham (1923b) recorded this rust as Puccinia granularis Kalch and Cke. Doidge (1926) showed that P. pelargonii-zonalis was morphologically distinct from this species, and Cunningham (1931a) described this rust under P. pelargonii-zonalis. This species has been introduced into New Zealand with the host. In the North Island it can be an important disease of horticultural varieties of bedding zoned-leaved geraniums. Fortunately it occurs only in late summer months after the plants have flowered. Infected plants can be pruned back and sprayed with an organic fungicide.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that the host [Olearia laetmosa] is endemic and widely distributed throughout the South Island but confined to the Tararua Ranges in the North Island. The rust is confined to the South Island.
This rust was first recorded by Wakefield (1917) on Hoheria. Cunningham (1923b) using the same specific epithet described it as a species morphologically distinct from Puccinia plagianthi. Later (1931a) he concluded that it was synonymous with P. plagianthi. Rust on Plagianthus and Hoheria is common in areas from Taranaki southwards in the North Island and in the South Island. It is an indigenous species occurring also in Tasmania. All host plants are endemic to New Zealand.
McNabb (1962b) followed Jorslad (1932) and separated this rust from Puccinia poarum Niels. All New Zealand hosts [grasses] are introduced species; as none of the host plants are important pasture grasses it is of minor economic importance.
Both the rust and the host [Polygonum hydropiper] are introduced. It became common around Auckland in the summer of 1964.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that both host plants [Senecio spp.] are endemic and confined to mountain areas in the South Island. The rust has been collected only from Otago.
All host species [Epilobium spp.] are indigenous to New Zealand. The rust is a cosmopolitan species probably indigenous. It is common throughout New Zealand.
All three host plants [Galium spp.] are endemic to New Zealand; the rust is sporadic in its occurrence in this country.
This endemic species of rust on Carex occurs only in Otago; the host C. gaudichaudiana is indigenous occurring also in Australia whilst C. kirkii is an endemic species.
McNabb (19626) stated that this fungus had previously been recorded by Cunningham (1931a) as Puccinia elymi. Owing to overseas investigations P. elymi had been accepted as a separate species not occurring on cereal and not present in New Zealand (McNabb, 1962b). With the exception of Agropyron scabrum and Deyeuxia forsteri all host plants of leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) are introduced grass species. The aecidial stage is not present in New Zealand. Allen (1961b) stated that the losses due to leaf rust are not known; some years it may have been severe but usually late in the season when wheat yields did not suffer any obvious damage. Results of observations on variety trials would suggest that `Arawa', 'Dreadnought', `Hilgendorf (1947)', and `Hilgendorf (1961)' are resistant to leaf rust but as there are over 100 physiological races known of this rust, the relative resistance of these varieties is likely to change (Allen, 1961 b).
Both the host species [Cheesemania wallii] and rust are endemic and are restricted in their distribution to a single locality in Otago (Cunningham, 1931a).
Rust on rhubarb was first found in a private garden in Wellington in 1932; it has spread slowly throughout the country (Cunningham, 1945a). Only the uredospores are present on New Zealand collections.
The host [Oreomyrrhis colensoi] is indigenous and widespread throughout New Zealand (Allan, 1961). The rust was described from South America. There is a single New Zealand collection from north Canterbury.
The host [Schoenus pauciflorus] is endemic and common throughout. The rust only occurs in Canterbury and Otago, South Island. It is of no economic importance.
Both rust and host [Schoenoplectus lacustris] are widely distributed throughout the world. The rust has been collected in New Zealand only from a single locality near Auckland.
Only uredospores have been collected in New Zealand. Although maize is grown in Auckland, Bay of Plenty, and Gisborne, rust on leaves is rarely seen.
All four hosts [Gentiana spp.] are endemic and confined to the mountain regions of the North and South Islands and the Antarctic islands. The rust is widespread throughout New Zealand wherever the host plants grow.
The host [Olearia odorata] is endemic and confined to mountain regions of the South Island. The rust has been found only near Lake Tekapo in Canterbury.
The rust occurs in Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. Cunningham (1923b) misidentified this rust as Puccinia obscura Schroet. After examination of European material of this species Cunningham (1931a) classified it as P. tenuispora. The rust occurs commonly in the South Island and in the Wellington Province [on Luzula spp.].
The rust is described from Australia. It occurs occasionally on the host plants throughout New Zealand. The host species Apium australe is indigenous occurring in coastal regions throughout the Southern Hemisphere. A. filiforme is endemic.
The rust is widespread throughout New Zealand. The host species Muehlenbeckia australis and M. complexa are endemic and widely distributed, whereas M. axillaris is indigenous and occurs also in Australia and Tasmania.
Cunningham (1923b) described the species as Puccinia halorrhagidis but found that the name was preoccupied. He renamed the New Zealand species P. toa. Cunningham (1931a) stated that both hosts are indigenous and widespread in New Zealand; they occur also in Australia and Haloragis erecta extends to Chile. The rust occurs sporadically in the South Island and in the Wellington area in the North Island .
The rust was described from Chile. In New Zealand it is found occasionally throughout both islands. The host species [Unicinia spp.] are indigenous sedges and are widely distributed throughout both islands.
Both host plant [Vittadinia australis] and rust are present in both Australia and New Zealand (Cunningham, 1945a). In New Zealand the rust has been collected only from Hurunui, North Canterbury.
The rust is known only from Tongariro National Park in the centre of the North Island. The host [Wahlenbergia albomarginata] is endemic and abundant throughout the mountain districts in both islands.
Cunningham (1931a) stated that in the original description of this species the host was erroneously listed as Anisotome filifolia. All hosts [Anisotome spp.] are endemic and confined to mountainous districts in the South Island. The rust is occasionally found in the mountainous districts in Otago and Canterbury.
Pucciniastrum epilobii was recorded on endemic species of Epilobium by Cunningham (1931a); in 1965 it was found in New Zealand attacking cultivated species of Fuchsia hybrida. This rust has become common in the Auckland area on cultivated fuchsia causing considerable defoliation, especially in cuttings in propagating frames. It has also been recorded causing damage to plants in New Plymouth and Wellington.
Leaf scorch and bud blast of Rhododendron sp. have been recorded occasionally in the Auckland area and from New Plymouth. It is of minor economic importance in nursery stock.
Pink root rot is common in onion crops throughout New Zealand, especially when a crop is grown on land recently brought into cultivation from pasture. Overseas it is also present on grass roots but its presence in pastures in New Zealand has not been investigated.
It is reported associated with seedling blight and root rot of oats, especially Algerian oats. Anon. (1953b) stated that in the season 1952-53 Algerian oat samples from Marlborough, North and mid Canterbury were showing an average of 12% infection; they stated that good control was obtained with an organic mercury seed dusting. Ammon (1963) has been followed in accepting Pyrenophora avenae as a synonym of P. chaetomoides.
Leaf strip disease on barley is occasionally present in barley crops in New Zealand. It is of minor economic importance.
Leaf spot on ryegrass is common throughout New Zealand, causing a brown blight of ryegrass (Latch, 1966a). It is of minor economic importance.
Net blotch in barley has been observed in a young crop in Oamaru in late autumn. The importance of this disease on barley crops in New Zealand has never been assessed.
This leaf spot is common on Digitaria sanguinalis - a weed grass species common in warmer parts of New Zealand. It is of no economic importance.
Bassett (1958), and Thulin, Will, and Bassett (1958) found Pythium spp. to be associated with damping-off of seedlings of conifers in nursery beds at State Forest Service nurseries. Pythium spp. were also found associated with pre-emergence rot of pea seedlings (Brien, Chamberlain, et al., 1955). Smith (1953) found a Pythium sp. among organisms associated with black root rot of strawberries. In the Te Kauwhata district in Auckland Province Atkinson (1953a) and Newhook (1957) found a Pythium sp. associated with discoloration in phloem tissue of pear trees, which showed a sudden wilt.
It commonly occurs throughout New Zealand associated wide damping-off of seedlings in nursery rows and in newly sown crops. It may be controlled by seed dusting prior to sowing. Soil drenching with an organic fungicide such as captan may be used if damping-off due to Pythium develops in seed pans in nurseries. Copper fungicides may be used-but with caution, as with some seedlings it gives serious root burn. Brien (1940b) associated it with a storage rot of potatoes known as "leak", where it may be of considerable economic importance.
Gilmour (1957b) recorded a resinous disease of roots, a collar rot, and a stem canker of young larch trees in Golden Down, Nelson. Later (1966a) he stated that this condition was associated with Pythium undulatum and Phytophthora cinnamomi. Bassett (1961) found Pythium undulatum in soils from nursery beds from which these trees had been propagated.
Dingley (1959) recorded this leaf spot from plants [of Centhranthus ruber]grown in the Auckland area, where this herbaceous perennial has become naturalised on the volcanic cones in the area.
This leaf spot is common especially on Lathyrus latifolius in alte summer months. This herbaceous perennial is a common garden ascape in the Auckland area.
This fungus was misidentified by Cunningham (1931b) as Phyllachora pastinacae Rostr. Brandenburg (1961 b) stated that Ramularia pastinacae attacked foliage of parsnips as they approached maturity. The fungus is common throughout the North Island and in Nelson in the South Island. Brandenburg (ibid.) recommended regular sprays with copper or with organic fungicides such as zineb or maneb.
A leaf spot [on Picris echioides] due to Ramularia picridis is common throughout New Zealand.
Ramularia leaf spot is sometimes severe on Primula malacoides and P. polyantha in autumn and winter. It is of minor economic importance.
A leaf spot caused by this fungus has been recorded only on introduced pasture-grass species: it occurs throughout the year. Latch (1964; 1966a) stated that it may cause minor damage to pasture.
Dingley recorded this fungus from leaf lesions [Plantago lanceolata] of on material collected at Lower Hutt, and from Stewart Island.
Ramularia leaf spot is common on dock throughout New Zealand.
This leaf spot on Lotus is common throughout New Zealand. As it occurs only on mature leaves in summer it is of no economic importance.
Records show that this leafspot on Tarxacum is common in Wellington and Canterbury Provinces. As it attacks only this common weed species it is of no economic importance.
Latch (1964) stated that it is common throughout the year on Holcus lanatus. As this grass is of little importance as a pasture species the disease is not important.
Ascomata occur in small superficial clusters on the undersurface of fronds of Cyathea. It is common in the Auckland Province but of no economic importance.
On Dicksonia squarrosa (new record)
.This fungus occurs superficially on undersurfaces of living leaves but produces no lesions. It has been collected from both the North and the South Islands.
This fungus is common, causing storage rot of fruit and tubers. Cunningham (1925a) noted that in Central Otago it has proved to be a serious ripe rot of apricots, peaches, and nectarines, attacking fruits on trees through puncture wounds of insects. It is responsible for leak in ripe strawberry fruits. It is a common storage rot of kumara (lpomoea batatas) tubers. Care should be taken in harvesting fruit and tubers for, in storage, any small skin injury quickly becomes infected with this fungus and no fungicide appears to give adequate protection.
Recorded by Gilmour [1966] as a probable cause of needle cast of spruce.
Cypress canker is widespread throughout New Zealand. Birch (1933) recorded it on Cupressus macrocarpa as Coryneum cardinale, from Auckland, Waikato, and Wairarapa. Fuller and Newhook (1954) assessed damage caused by cypress canker in farm shelter hedges in the Waikato area and suggested the replacement of Cupressus macrocarpa with C. lusitanica var. benthamii, C. torulosa, Chamaecyparis pisifera var. plumosa, Thuja plicata and Cryptomeria japonica. Newhook (1962) stated that the first three of these species of cypress are resistant, not immune, to cypress canker. Weston (1957) discussed the occurrence and severity of damage of cypress canker in plantations throughout New Zealand. Bannister and Orman (1960) recommended the relatively resistant Cupressus lusitanica var. benthamii for planting in areas where climate is suitable for the development of the disease. This disease has been introduced into New Zealand with nursery stock of host plants.
Latch and Wenham (1959) stated that on the grass Dactylis glomerata leaf blotch caused by Rhynchosporium was not common in the Manawatu area at any time of year. Latch (1966a) noted that on ryegrass in winter pastures it is one of the more important fungus diseases. It is of economic importance, as infected pastures have been shown to be unpalatable to stock (Latch, 1966a).
Leaf blotch on barley has been recorded from the Canterbury and the Manawatu areas. At present it appears to be of only minor economic importance.
Wright (1890) recorded a white root rot in New Zealand attacking fruit trees and a number of other host plants. Massee (1896) described a new species, Rosellinia radiciperda, which he claimed to be the perithecial stage of this white root rot fungus. The type collection at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, has been examined and material typical of this species has been collected. Ascospore cultures have been prepared and have been found to differ from those obtained from white root rot in Pinus sp. and Eucalyptus sp. at Rotoehu (Gilmour, 1966a). Pathogenicity tests were also carried out, and the ascospore cultures from R. radiciperda were found to be non-pathogenic (Gilmour, 1966a). Although this question needs further investigation, a number of cultures from plants infected with white root rot agree with overseas cultures of Dematophora necatrix (the conidial stage of Rosellinia necatrix), and these New Zealand records have been listed under this species. It occurs throughout the country and can at times be troublesome in orchards, nurseries, and plantations.
Rosellinia radiciperda Massee, Kew Bull. misc.
It is doubtful if this fungus is associated with a root rot; up to the present white root rot in New Zealand has been recorded under this species. Gilmour (1966a) points out that cultures of this species are non-pathogenic to Pinus sp. This species needs further investigation.
Fructifications of this fungus are common throughout New Zealand on indigenous and introduced trees and shrubs. Birch (1937b) recorded it as a wound pathogen of Sophora microphylla, and Taylor and Atkinson (1941) recorded it as a wound pathogen on apple trees in a neglected orchard in Huapai, Auckland.
Red band needle cast of pines was observed by Gilmour (1965d, 1966b, 1967) in 1962 in a private pine plantation on the pumice country in the centre of the North Island. As this fungus attacks the current year's needles it can be of considerable economic importance. It is not known how this disease was introduced into New Zealand.
Latch [1966] noted that downy mildew (recorded as Phytophthora sp.) was common on grass leaves in long pastures throughout New Zealand in spring and autumn; he noted that it is of little economic importance.
Downy mildew occurs occasionally in cereal crops in Canterbury causing considerable stunting and distortion of seed heads. It also occurs in the grasses Agropyron repens and Phleum pratense. It is only of minor economic importance.
On *Gladiolius sp. cult. (new record).
Conidial stage of this fungus has been included in previous records of Botrytis cinerea. Sclerotia similar to those described for Sclerotinia draytoni have been found on Gladiolus corms associated with a dry rot. Further work is necessary to sort out the Sclerotinia sp. and Botrytis spp. associated with Gladiolus and other members of the Iridaceae.
Brown rot on stone fruit is of great economic importance especially in the warmer, more humid parts of New Zealand. Cunningham (1922d) recorded the apothecial stage of this fungus in New Zealand and discussed the importance of flower-bud infection. Brook (1954) and Frew (1963) working with peaches and apricots respectively concluded that blossom blight due to Sclerotinia fructicola was reduced by the application of dichlone and thiram during flowering and showed that a continuation of a spray programme with captan to within a few days of picking reduced fruit infection both at harvesting and in storage. Post-harvest hot-water treatments of peach fruits have been shown to control brown rot when fruits are held in store (Anon., 1965c, 1967). S. fructicola occurs on ripe and damaged fruits of quinces, apples, and pears (Cunningham, 1925a). This fungus has been introduced into New Zealand with nursery stock of the host.
The identity of Sclerotinia fuckeliana, the ascogenous stage of Botrytis cinerea, has been well established (Gregory, 1949). Unfortunately under B. cinerea are placed an aggregation of forms occurring on a very wide range of hosts; some of these forms may ultimately be found to be referable to other species of Sclerotinia or related genera. Therefore the New Zealand records have been listed under Botrytis cinerea.
Sclerotinia gladioli is common as a corm rot of Gladiolus throughout New Zealand. As it causes a basal rot of stems and leaves as well as a dry rot of bulbs, it is of importance in commercial plantings of Gladiolus (Salinger, 1965a). Reasonable control can be obtained if crop rotation is practiced and bulbs are carefully sorted and clipped in a mercurial fungicide before planting.
As Cunningham (1927b) regarded Sclerotinia minor as a synonym of S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, New Zealand records of this fungus have previously been included under the latter. In the Auckland area it is commonly associated with a brown watery rot of mature lettuce heads. It is of considerable economic importance. As with S. sclerotiorum, soil sterilisation by chemicals such as chloropicrin or with steam is recommended for its control. Soil treatments with quintozene have been used to give some control of the disease when it is present in an established crop.
Septoria leaf spot on phlox is common throughout New Zealand. Wenham (1958) showed that the disease was present in most seed samples examined from those on sale in New Zealand, especially in seeds imported from Europe. It is of minor importance especially in nurseries.
On Hebe stricta, H. elliptica, H. macrocarpa, H. carnea the leaf spot lesion is dark in colour and poorly defined, but on H. speciosa and all its horticultural varieties the lesions are light in colour and well defined. It is widely distributed throughout New Zealand but is of little economic importance.
A leaf spot caused by a Septoria sp. occurred on a garden fuchsia in Auckland in January 1965. It completely defoliated the infected plants. It is of no economic importance and was probably introduced with propagating material of the host.
Robinson (1957b) stated that Septoria leaf spot was the commonest disease of gerberas in New Zealand. It caused severe dark-brown spotting of the foliage. He suggested for its control that sprays with zineb should be applied early in the spring before the disease appeared on the plants; he also noted that the off-white variety `Blondie' is immune to the disease. As gerberas are grown for cut flowers it is of minor economic importance.
Cruickshank (1949) recorded the disease in crops of garden peas in north Canterbury, Wanganui, and Auckland and on field peas in crops at Lincoln, Canterbury. Control measures recommended by Brien, Chamberlain, et al. (1955) include crop rotation, the removal of all debris after harvesting a diseased crop, and seed dusting to protect young seedlings. They stated that the disease is not seed borne. It is of only minor importance in New Zealand pea crops.
Well defined lesions due to Septoria are common on leaves of this weed species [Polygonum persicaria] whereever it occurs.
Septoria spot in raspberries is common throughout New Zealand. In commercial crops in Nelson, Taylor and Robbins (1945), Taylor (1945), and Davey (1945) showed that regular sprays with Bordeaux mixture early in the season at delayed dormancy controlled the disease in both raspberries and boysenberries.
It is recorded [on Scabiosa atropurpurea] occasionally from the Auckland area.
A single New Zealand collection [on Sisymbrium officinale] from Levin, Wellington, is present in the herbarium, Plant Diseases Division, Auckland.
Septoria leaf spot is common on this weed [Stellaria media] especially in the North Island.
Wenham (1959) showed that in some seasons if the spring months have been cold and wet Septoria, leaf blotch can be of major importance in wheat crops in both Canterbury and the Manawatu district. He also stated that among the New Zealand bred wheat varieties, `Cross 7' was highly susceptible to Septoria leaf blotch, whereas the newer varieties 'Hilgendorf', `Aotea', and `Arawa' showed considerable field resistance. Sanderson (1964b) conducted plot trials at Lincoln, Canterbury, to demonstrate the loss in yield due to Septoria leaf blotch. He substantiated Wenham's finding that the variety `Hilgendorf' was resistant to the disease.
It is reported by Latch (1966a) as a disease of minor importance on the common pasture species of Lolium; he stated it occurs throughout the country from mid winter to late spring.
Stem galls caused by Sorosphaera are common on this introduced weed [Veronica persica] in winter and early spring throughout the Auckland district.
Sori of this smut are formed in seed heads of this indigenous sedge [Scirpus nodosus]; although the sedge occurs throughout New Zealand, this smut has been collected only in the South Island and from the Wellington Province in the North Island. The smut fungus is endemic to New Zealand.
Sori are formed in ovaries of seed heads of this indigenous rush [Juncus planifolius]. Although the host is common throughout New Zealand the smut has been found only in the North Island.
This smut attacks developing ovaries of two endemic species of Schoenus. The smut and the host plants grow only in the South Island and are indigenous to New Zealand.
Latch (1966a) recorded the occurrence of this fungus on introduced pasture grasses in New Zealand.
Scab on leaves of Salix sp. occurs only in late summer and autumn; it may cause early leaf fall. It is of little economic importance. It was first recorded by Murray (1926) under Gloeosporium capreae Allesch, but Jenkins and Grodsinsky (1943) showed that the fungus had been misidentified.
On poplar this leaf spot is common and widespread, attacking leaves in late summer and autumn often causing an early leaf fall. Weston (1957) recorded it as of minor importance.
In New Zealand Sphaceloma psidii occurs only in the Auckland area on leaves of feijoa. It infects some seedling trees, causing considerable distortion of the leaves.
It occurs occasionally on leaves of Camellia causing distortion and roughening.
Scab due to Sphaceloma violae can at times cause distortion of leaves and flowers in commercial crops of violets. Marcussen (1964) recommended for its control zineb sprays at intervals of three to four weeks.
This smut, which attacks ovaries of flowers of these herbaceous weeds, occurs throughout New Zealand. One host species, P. decipiens, is indigenous, whereas the other two are introduced.
Cunningham (1945c) recorded this smut fungus on millet as Sphacelotheca cordobensis (Spelt.) Jackson; Brook, S.D. (1957) noted that as a result of recent overseas researches this fungus should be known as S. panici-leucophaei. The New Zealand record is based on a single collection from Ruakura near Hamilton. It is suggested that this outbreak was due to a seed-borne infection. It is of no economic importance.
Cunningham (1945c) recorded head smut of maize from Gisborne. Jacks (1951a) showed that infection in this area was both soil and seed borne. He showed that soil treatments, i.e. chloropicrin and 1, 2 dichloro-propane, did not give good control even when clean seed was sown. It was probably introduced into the district with imported seed.
Tar spot on Nothodanthonia and related indigenous genera is common in the South Island. It has also been collected in the Wellington Province. It is indigenous to New Zealand but of no economic importance.
Powdery mildew due to Sphaerotheca fuliginea occurs in late spring and early summer on pumpkin, marrow, cineraria, and Calendula. It can cause considerable damage to early cucurbit crops. Perithecia have been collected on marrow leaves in Auckland and on Coriaria spp. in the South Island.
Although powdery mildew frequently occurs on strawberries, it is troublesome only in the south part of the North Island and the South Island. Brien and Dingley (1955) recorded this species as Sphaerotheca pannosa on Rubus squarrosus. It frequently occurs on the three endemic species of Rubus.
Cunningham (1925a) recorded mildew on peach trees and described a distinct blotch on fruit of some varieties, especially `Stark', 'Paragon', and `Golden Queen', in the Hastings area. Hawke's Bay. A similar fruit blotch referred to as `mapping' has been recorded from Central Otago on apricots (Anon., 1963b). On roses it is common throughout New Zealand during the summer months (Marcussen, 1962). It may be controlled with regular sprays with a mixture of lime sulphur and colloidal-sulphur, or with dinocap. It is of importance both in stone-fruit and commercial rose nurseries.
It is common on clover leaves throughout New Zealand but is of no economic importance as lesions formed by this fungus are present only on older leaves.
Scab on leaves and developing fruits of loquats is extremely severe in Auckland and North Auckland districts. As these fruits are not grown commercially it is of minor importance. If these fruits are to be grown it is important to plant only resistant varieties.
Olives are rarely grown in New Zealand, but on the few trees observed this leaf spot occurs in late spring causing considerable defoliation. Again if this crop is to be grown, resistant varieties should be introduced.
Powdery scab is rarely seen in potato crops in New Zealand. Claridge (1945) stated that it was present in crops grown on heavy soils in the Ohakune area and in Southland, especially on virgin land recently cleared from forest.
Leaf scorch on daffodils is common especially in the North Island where spring is warm and humid. Lesions on flowers sometimes occur. In some seasons it may be troublesome, especially where bulbs are grown for cut flowers.
In late crops of climbing beans, Stagonospora leaf spot can lead to defoliation of the vines, with reduction in crop yields. It is of minor economic importance.
Although silver blight was recorded from plum trees in New Zealand by Blackmore (1894), the relationship with the fungus Stereum purpureum was not proved until 1902, by Percival, working in England. Cunningham (1922a) (1922c) stated that S. purpurerun occurred throughout New Zealand in both stone and pip fruit orchards; it caused the greatest losses in apricot and peach orchards. In a survey carried out in 1953, Watts (1954) showed that losses due to silver leaf in stone fruit were high. Even today it is still a major problem in stone-fruit orchards, where losses can be high even in trees five to six years old (Anon., 19656). The fungus has a wide host range, but silvering symptoms are not produced in all host plants. As it occurs commonly on introduced hosts, it seems likely that the disease was introduced with nursery stock of a host plant.
Stereum sangnguinolentum is present in Pinus plantations throughout the North Island of New Zealand. It may cause heart rot of conifers. At present it is only of minor importance.
The host plants are indigenous to New Zealand. In New Zealand Phormium tenax is an important fibre plant. Cunningham (1931a) reported that heavy rust infection was damaging to the leaves, rendering them worthless for fibre purposes. Fortunately the disease is not widespread: it is of minor economic importance.
Baylis (1954) revised rust fungi on Clematis spp. in New Zealand. The uredospore stage attributed by Cunningham (1931a) to Puccinia clavata Syd. is described under this species. Baylis (1954) stated that throughout New Zealand this endemic species is the commonest rust on Clematis spp.; it is also recorded on the introduced C. vitalba.
Allan (1961) states that the host [Rhagodia triandra] is endemic, occurring in the North Island and in the north of the South Island. The rust was first described from Australia on Rhagodia billardieri (Cooke, 1887). In New Zealand it has been recorded only from Wellington Province.
Rust has only been collected twice on this indigenous host [Salicornia australis], once at Lake Ellesmere in Canterbury and once on Rangitoto Island, Auckland.
All host species [Scirpus spp.] are indigenous to New Zealand and occur throughout the country: the rust has been collected only in the Wellington and Nelson Provinces.
The host [Pomaderris rugosa] is an endemic species with only a limited distribution in the Auckland Province. The rust is an Australian species: it has been collected from two localities in Auckland Province - Silverdale and Orere Point.
Both rust and host [Cortaderia toetoe] are endemic to New Zealand and occur throughout the country.
The host [Olearia colensoi] is an endemic species and is widespread throughout both islands. The rust occurs throughout New Zealand.
Both the host [Pachystegia insignis] and the rust are endemic and confined to the Marlborough district in the South Island.
The host plants are introduced grass species common throughout New Zealand. Leaf smut is relatively common in the North Island, and on these grass species it has also been collected in north Canterbury and Nelson. Latch (19666) records it from a ryegrass pasture in the Manawatu district.
This smut is recorded from a single collection [on Ranunculus insignis] from the Tararua Range, Wellington.
Rust fungi on Medicago in Australasia were critically revised (Sutton, W. S., 1963): Walker (1965) found that Uromyces striatus Schroet. was the rust present on Medicago saliva in Australia and New Zealand but Uromyces anthyllidis was the species found on three other species of Medicago. In New Zealand rust is common on M. arabica and M. hispida, especially in the Auckland district.
Bean rust occurs in the Auckland Province in autumn crops only. Brien and Jacks (1954) stated that it first appeared in commercial crops in April 1951 and became widespread in the Auckland area in autumn 1952. It was also recorded from a private garden in New Plymouth. In some crops foliage was severely damaged, and crop yields were considerably reduced. Resistant varieties of pole bean `Westralia' were introduced from Australia, and the dwarf `Full Green' from U.S.A. Yen and Brien (1960) showed that the bean rust races 10, 17, 28 identified in U.S.A. were present in New Zealand; an unidentified race that attacked the differential line `U.S. 780' was also present in the New Zealand rust material. Yen, Jesson, and Brien, (1962) described a new rust-resistant variety `Mangere Pole', which they had developed for its suitability for commercial growers to sow as a late autumn crop in the Auckland area.
Both hosts [Armeria spp.] are introduced and are occasionally grown as garden plants. The rust has been collected on these best plants in Auckland and Palmerston North. It has been introduced into New Zealand with propagating material of the hosts.
This rust species is known only from the single collection in the herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Rust is common on Beta vulgaris. It occurs on all the cultivated forms such as fodder beet and mangels, red beet, and silver beet (swiss chard). Smith (1961) discussing diseases of fodder beet and mangels stated that it is seldom serious enough to cause losses in yield.
The host [Bidens pilosa] is an introduced weed, common in North Auckland: the rust has been collected once near Auckland.
Both fungus and hosts [Dactylis glomerata and Ranunculus repens] are introduced; the disease is rarely severe enough to affect growth of the grass. Cunningham (1931a) stated that he had proved experimentally that aecidiosori in Ranunculus repens in New Zealand belong to the cycle of this species.
All host grass species are indigenous to New Zealand; three are endemic, whilst two occur in Australia and New Zealand. The rust is common throughout New Zealand; it is indigenous to Australia and New Zealand.
Rust is common on carnations throughout New Zealand. It occurs in both glasshouse and outdoor plants and can be of economic importance when this ornamental is grown for cut flowers. Robinson (19576) and Salinger (1961) recommended regular sprays with zineb for its control. It has been introduced into New Zealand with propagating material of the host.
Both host [Discaria toumatou] and rust are endemic; the rust is common in the South Island.
The aecidiosori form conspicuous "witches brooms" or stem galls on branches of the host [Sophora spp.]: teleutospores attack pods shortly after flowering, causing them to become distorted and inflated (Cunningham, 1931a). Both rust and host are indigenous to New Zealand. The rust occurs in local areas throughout New Zealand.
McNabb (19626) stated that both rust and host [Microlaena stipoides] occur in Australia. He recorded the rust from all provinces in the North Island and from Nelson and Marlborough in the South Island.
The rust and host plant [Microtis unifolia] are indigenous to both Australia and New Zealand (Cunningham, 1931a). The rust is common throughout New Zealand.
The host species are common cultigens throughout New Zealand. The rust was first observed on leaves of hyacinths in Dunedin. In spring in 1959 and 1960 it was common in Christchurch and Wellington on bluebells. It is of minor economic importance. It is suggested that it has been introduced with bulbs of the host.
Both host plants [Trifolium spp.] are introduced and are common pasture plants. The rust occurs sporadically throughout New Zealand and may cause considerable leaf distortion.
This endemic rust occurs throughout the South Island and in the Wellington Province in the North Island of New Zealand. All host species [Poa spp.] are indigenous. Three are endemic, whilst Poa caespitosa occurs also in Tasmania and Australia.
The host [Polygonum aviculare] is an introduced weed occurring throughout New Zealand; the rust is widely distributed throughout the country (Cunningham, 1931a).
Cunningham (1923b) recorded this rust as Uromyces puccinioides Berk. and F. Mueller. He later stated that the name was preoccupied and renamed the species (Cunningham, 1930). He recorded the rust in South Australia as well as in New Zealand (Cunningham, 1931a). The host [Selliera radicans], a small salt marsh herb, occurs in Australia, Tasmania, and Chile (Allan, 1961). The rust has been collected from north Canterbury, Marlborough, Nelson, and Orewa, Auckland.
This rust species is more widespread on this host [Selliera radicans] than is Uromyces scaevolae. Cunningham (1930) separated U. sellieriae from this species in morphology of spores, of teleutospores, and the presence of uredospores in its life cycle.
The host [Medicoago spp.] is an introduced forage crop. The rust appears to be sporadic in its occurrence; it is of only minor economic importance.
McNabb (1962b) stated that the host [Sporobolus africanus] is an introduced grass common on poor land throughout New Zealand; he recorded the rust from the Auckland Province in the North Island and from Nelson in the South Island.
Both hosts [Thelymitra spp.] are indigenous to New Zealand. The rust is common throughout New Zealand.
The host plants [Trifolium spp.] are important introduced pasture plants. The rust is common throughout New Zealand, often causing considerable distortion to the leaves. Although its economic importance has never been assessed, it seems to have little effect on the palatability and growth of the plants.
This rust also [along with Uromyces trifolii] attacks clovers in New Zealand, especially in the North Island: it is of minor economic importance.
All host plants are introduced. Pisum sativurn and Vicia faba are common cultigens. Rust on broad beans is common in the Auckland Province during late spring; it occurred in a pea crop grown alongside broad beans. In broad beans in the Auckland Province it is of economic importance: Jacks and Webb (1956b) recommended sprays with zineb for its control.
Both host plants [Hypericum spp.] are indigenous and are widely distributed throughout New Zealand. The rust is widespread but of no economic importance. The teleutospores stage has been found only in Waipoua, North Auckland.
Cooke (1890a) recorded Uredo acaciae on Acacia sp. from material forwarded by Colenso from Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. Cunningham (1923b) recorded this rust as Uromycladium alpinum McAlpine but in 1931a corrected his misidentification. Both rust and hosts [Acacia spp.] are introduced from Australia. Unlike U. notabile and U. tepperianum, this rust species does not produce galls on the host (Cunningham, 1926c); therefore it does little damage to the host.
Weston (1957) stated that this gall-forming rust fungus was introduced on seedling plants [of Acacia] from Australia. It attacks stems, leaf petioles, and mature seed pods, forming inflated galls several centimetres in diameter. Cunningham (1926c) stated that this fungus has proved to be serious on Acacia grown for ornament and for tan bark. Weston (1957) stated that by 1920 the rust fungi Uromycladium had spread throughout both islands and by 1930 the presence of this disease made the tan bark plantations uneconomic and they were felled and cleared.
(Cunningham, 1923b) Cunningham (1931a) stated that both host and rust are introduced from Australia; the former is grown as a shade tree in warmer parts of New Zealand. The rust has been collected only on leaves of Acacia melanoxylon from Te Kauwhata in the Auckland Province.
Both rust and hosts [Acacia spp.] are introduced from Australia and are common in the Auckland Province. It forms inflated galls of smaller size than Uromycladium notabile on stems and seed pods of host. As the hosts are only grown as ornamentals the rust is of no economic importance.
Notodanthonia is an indigenous grass species in both Australia and New Zealand: Anthoxanthum odoratum is a common pasture species. The smut infects grass flower heads and is common throughout the North Island and in Nelson Province in the South Island; it is indigenous to Australia and New Zealand.
Both host [Polygonum hydropiper] and smut are introduced. The smut fungus attacks the ovaries of the host. It has been recorded from North Auckland and Marlborough.
Both the smut and the host are endemic to New Zealand. This smut fungus is recorded from the type collection from Nelson Province.
Neill (1927a) stated that loose smut in flower heads was common in oat crops throughout New Zealand. He noted that a formalin steep or hot-water treatment of seed prior to sowing gave control of the disease. Wratt (1956) noted that loose smut was still present in New Zealand: unfortunately seed disinfection has not been universally adopted.
Cunningham (1925) described Valsa dieback as common in stone fruit (Prunus spp.) throughout New Zeraland. It has been listed as the cause of serious dieback of apricots and peach trees in Central Otago. Dye (1952 & 1954a) showed that dieback in stonefruit in Central Otago was due initially to bacterial blast caused by Pseudomonas syringae van Hall. Fructifications on Valsa leucostoma are often found on wood killed by bacterial blast, as it quickly invades newly dead tissue: it will at times spread from the dead tissue to invade living wood. In apples (Malus sp.), and occassionally in stone fruit, Valsa invades tissues of trees debilitated by attack of a root rot fungus such as Phytophthora spp.
Up to 1933 Verticillium albo-atrum had been isolated from potato and tomato in New Zealand (Chamberlain and Brien, 1933). Smith (1965) noted that V. albo-atrum had been found causing economic losses only on potatoes, tomatoes, lucerne, and strawberries in the southern districts of New Zealand. It has been recorded from tobacco in Nelson (Anon, 1941). As with V. dahliae it is controlled by steam or chemical sterilisation of soil.
Robinson (1961) recorded Verticillium cinerescens from one property in Christchurch; measures were taken to try and eliminate the disease from the property, but in 1964 further infected plants were reported. Recently it has been found in Otaki, Hastings, and New Plymouth, in the southern part of the North Island. It has been introduced with propagating material of the host.
Of the 63 hosts listed for the vascular infecting fungus, Verticillium dahliae, only five are indigenous to New Zealand; the introduced species include cultigens and common weeds. It has been recorded only on indigenous plants in cultivation. Chamberlain and Brien (1933) first recorded Verticillium dahliae from New Zealand from tomatoes. Smith (1951b) showed that within the past 10 years Verticillium wilt has been found in all important fruit-growing areas in New Zealand, infecting tomatoes, apricots, gooseberries, and strawberries. He stated that in gooseberries it is especially common in Central Otago and Nelson. For control, Jacks (1948) and Smith (1951b) recommended soil sterilisation with steam, formalin, or chloropicrin. Smith (1951b) noted that intercropping with susceptible orchard crops should be avoided and care should be taken to eliminate alternate weed hosts from crops either by clean cultivation or by cropping with cereals, grasses, and clovers. He suggested that heavily infected areas should be sown down in grass for two to three years. Thomson and McLeod (1959) recorded an outbreak in 1944 of V. dahliae in the tobacco crops in Motueka and stated it to be potentially the most serious disease of this crop in New Zealand. McLeod and Thomson (1959) described a field resistance to Verticillium in the varieties ‘Arnarello’, ‘Ti 448A’, and ‘Ky 34’. Smith (1965) stated that V. dahliae causes economic losses in tomatoes, tobacco, eggplant, strawberries, gooseberries, apricots, and roses, particularly in the northern districts in New Zealand and in summer in southern areas.
Cited scientific names
- ×Rubus (hybrid berry)
- Abelia schumannii (Graebn.) Rehder
- Abies
- Abies procera Rehder
- Abrotanella pusilla (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
- Abutilon
- Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.
- Acaena agnipila Gand.
- Acaena anserinifolia (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst) J.B.Armstr.
- Acaena caesiglauca (Bitter) Bergmans
- Acaena microphylla Hook.
- Acaena novae-zelandiae Kirk
- Acaena pallida (Kirk) Allan
- Acaena profundeincisa (Bitter) B.H.Macmill.
- Acer
- Acer palmatum Thunb.
- Acer pseudoplatanus L.
- Aciphylla monroi Hook.f.
- Ackama rosifolia A.Cunn.
- Acmena smithii (Poir.) Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Acroconidiella tropaeoli (T.E.T. Bond) J.C. Lindq. & Alippi 1964
- Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F.Liang & A.R.Ferguson
- Actinostrobus
- Adiantum
- Aecidium celmisiae-discoloris G. Cunn. 1924
- Aecidium disciforme McAlpine 1906
- Aecidium disseminatum Berk. 1867
- Aecidium hebe G. Cunn. 1928
- Aecidium hupiro G. Cunn. 1924
- Aecidium microstomum Berk. 1872 [1873]
- Aecidium milleri G. Cunn. 1924
- Aecidium monocystis Berk. 1855
- Aecidium myopori G. Cunn. 1924
- Aecidium myrsines McNabb 1962
- Aecidium otagense Linds. 1867
- Aecidium otira G. Cunn. 1928
- Aecidium plantaginis-variae McAlpine 1906
- Aecidium ranunculi-depressi G. Cunn. 1930
- Aecidium ranunculi-insignis G. Cunn. 1930
- Aecidium ranunculi-lyallii G. Cunn. 1930
- Aecidium ranunculi-monroi G. Cunn. 1930
- Aecidium traversiae G. Cunn. 1928
- Aecidium westlandicum G. Cunn. 1928
- Aesculus hippocastanum L.
- Agaricus campestris L. 1753
- Agathis australis (D.Don) Lindl.
- Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
- Ageratum houstonianum Mill.
- Agrostis canina L.
- Agrostis capillaris L.
- Agrostis gigantea Roth
- Agrostis stolonifera L. var. stolonifera
- Aira caryophyllea L.
- Albizia lophantha
- Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze 1891
- Albugo centaurii (Hansf.) Cif. & Biga 1955
- Albugo portulacae (DC.) Kuntze 1891
- Albugo swertiae (Berl. & Kom.) G.W. Wilson 1907
- Albugo tragopogonis (Pers.) Gray 1821
- Albugo trianthemae G.W. Wilson 1908
- Alcea rosea L.
- Alectryon excelsus Gaertn.
- Allium ascalonicum L.
- Allium cepa L.
- Allium fistulosum L.
- Allium porrum L.
- Allium sativum L.
- Allium schoenoprasum L.
- Alopecurus geniculatus L.
- Alopecurus pratensis L.
- Alseuosmia macrophylla A.Cunn.
- Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. 1912
- Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. 1880
- Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire 1947
- Alternaria cinerariae Hori & Enjoji 1931
- Alternaria citri Ellis & N. Pierce 1902
- Alternaria dianthi F. Stevens & J.G. Hall 1909
- Alternaria dianthicola Neerg. 1945
- Alternaria longipes (Ellis & Everh.) E.W. Mason 1928
- Alternaria passiflorae J.H. Simmonds 1938
- Alternaria pluriseptata (P. Karst. & Har.) Jørst. 1945
- Alternaria pluriseptata sensu Dingley 1969
- Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif. 1930
- Alternaria raphani J.W. Groves & Skolko 1944
- Alternaria senecionis Neerg. 1945
- Alternaria solani Sorauer 1896
- Alternaria sonchi Davis 1916
- Alternaria tomatophila E.G. Simmons 2000
- Alternaria zinniae M.B. Ellis 1972
- Amaranthus
- Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link
- Amylostereum areolatum (Chaillet ex Fr.) Boidin 1958
- Amylostereum chailletii (Pers.) Boidin 1958
- Anemone coronaria L.
- Anemone tenuicaulis (Cheeseman) Parkin & Sledge
- Anisotome aromatica Hook.f.
- Anisotome capillifolia (Cheeseman) Cockayne
- Anisotome filifolia (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Laing
- Anisotome haastii (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Laing
- Anisotome imbricata (Hook.f.) Cockayne
- Anisotome latifolia Hook.f.
- Anisotome lyallii Hook.f.
- Anisotome pilifera (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Laing
- Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss.
- Anthoxanthum odoratum L.
- Anthracoidea carphae (Speg.) Vánky 1979
- Anthracoidea heterospora (B. Lindeb.) Kukkonen 1963
- Anthracoidea schoenus (G. Cunn.) Vánky 1979
- Anthracoidea sclerotiformis (Cooke & Massee) Kukkonen 1963
- Anthurium
- Antirrhinum majus L.
- Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. 1980
- Aphanomyces raphani J.B. Kendr. 1927
- Apium graveolens var. dulce (Mill.) Pers.
- Apium prostratum Vent. subsp. prostratum
- Aquilegia vulgaris L.
- Arachis hypogaea L.
- Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch
- Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco
- Arbutus
- Archeria traversii Hook.f.
- Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns
- Aristotelia fruticosa Hook.f.
- Aristotelia serrata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) W.R.B.Oliv.
- Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd.
- Armeria plantaginea Willd.
- Armillaria (Fr.) Staude 1857
- Armillaria sp. ('mellea') auct. NZ
- Armillariella novae-zelandiae G. Stev. 1964
- Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl subsp. elatius
- Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. bulbosum (Willd.) Schuebl. & G.Martens
- Arthropodium cirratum (G.Forst.) R.Br.
- Ascochyta aquilegiae (Roum. & Pat.) Sacc. 1884
- Ascochyta avenae (Petr.) R. Sprague & Aar.G. Johnson 1948
- Ascochyta caricae Rabenh. 1851
- Ascochyta corticola McAlpine 1899
- Ascochyta cyphomandrae Petch 1922
- Ascochyta dahliicola (Brunaud) Petr. 1927
- Ascochyta fabae Speg. 1899
- Ascochyta gerberae Maffei 1913
- Ascochyta Lib. 1830
- Ascochyta pisi Lib. 1830
- Ascochyta rhei Ellis & Everh. 1893
- Ascochyta sorghi Sacc. 1875
- Ascochyta sp.
- Ascochyta stilbocarpae Syd. 1924
- Asparagus officinalis L.
- Aspergillus niger Tiegh. 1867
- Asplenium bulbiferum G.Forst.
- Asplenium flaccidum G.Forst.
- Asplenium oblongifolium Colenso
- Asplenium polyodon G.Forst.
- Astelia
- Astelia nervosa Hook.f.
- Astelia trinervia Kirk
- Aster ericoides
- Aster laevis L.
- Aster novae-angliae L.
- Aster novi-belgii L.
- Asterina geniostomatis Hansf. 1954
- Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. 1978
- Atropa bella-donna L.
- Aureobasidium caulivorum (Kirchn.) W.B. Cooke 1962
- Australoporus tasmanicus (Berk.) P.K. Buchanan & Ryvarden 1988
- Austrofestuca littoralis (Labill.) E.B.Alexeev
- Austrostipa nodosa (S.T.Blake) S.W.L.Jacobs & J.Everett
- Avena fatua L.
- Avena sativa L.
- Avena strigosa Schreb.
- Banksia
- Basidiophora entospora Roze & Cornu 1869
- Bauera sessiliflora F.Muell.
- Baumea huttonii (Kirk) S.T.Blake
- Baumea rubiginosa (Spreng.) Boeck.
- Begonia
- Begonia ×rex-cultorum L.H.Bailey
- Begonia ×tuberhybrida Voss
- Beilschmiedia tarairi (A.Cunn.) Kirk
- Beilschmiedia tawa (A.Cunn.) Kirk
- Bellis perennis L.
- Beta vulgaris L.
- Betula pendula Roth
- Bidens pilosa L.
- Bionectria ochroleuca (Schwein.) Schroers & Samuels 1997
- Bipolaris iridis (Oudem.) C.H. Dickinson 1966
- Bipolaris ravenelii (M.A. Curtis ex Berk.) Shoemaker 1959
- Blechnum discolor (G.Forst.) Keyserl.
- Blechnum filiforme (A.Cunn.) Ettingsh.
- Blechnum novae-zelandiae T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant
- Blechnum procerum (G.Forst.) Swartz
- Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer 1975 [1973-74]
- Bondarzewia berkeleyi (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer 1941
- Borago officinalis L.
- Boronia megastigma Bartl.
- Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. 1892
- Botryosphaeria acaciae (Hansf.) Dingley 1970
- Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
- Botryosphaeria obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker 1964
- Botryosphaeria quercuum sensu Dingley 1969
- Botryosphaeria quercuum sensu Dingley 1969
- Botryosphaeria stevensii Shoemaker 1964
- Botryotinia draytonii (Buddin & Wakef.) Seaver 1951
- Botryotinia squamosa Vienn.-Bourg. 1953
- Botrytis aclada Fresen. 1850
- Botrytis allii Munn 1917
- Botrytis byssoidea J.C. Walker 1925
- Botrytis cinerea Pers. 1794
- Botrytis elliptica (Berk.) Cooke 1901
- Botrytis fabae Sardiña 1929
- Botrytis gladiolorum Timmerm. 1941
- Botrytis tulipae Lind 1913
- Brachyglottis adamsii (Cheeseman) B.Nord.
- Brachyglottis bellidioides (Hook.f.) B.Nord.
- Brachyglottis bidwillii (Hook.f.) B.Nord. var. bidwillii
- Brachyglottis bidwillii var. viridis (Cheeseman) B.Nord.
- Brachyglottis elaeagnifolia (Hook.f.) B.Nord.
- Brachyglottis kirkii (Kirk) C.J.Webb
- Brachyglottis lagopus (Raoul) B.Nord.
- Brachyglottis repanda J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Brachyglottis southlandica (Cockayne) B.Nord.
- Brachyscome sinclairii Hook.f.
- Brassica napus L.
- Brassica napus var. napobrassica (L.) Rchb.
- Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC.
- Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.
- Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.
- Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Zenker
- Brassica oleracea var. ramosa Alef.
- Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.
- Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa
- Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris (L.) Janchen
- Bremia lactucae Regel 1843
- Briza minor L.
- Bromus coloratus Steud.
- Bromus diandrus Roth
- Bromus firmior (Nees) Stapf
- Bromus hordeaceus L.
- Bromus inermis Leyss.
- Bromus secalinus L.
- Bromus sterilis L.
- Bromus tectorum L.
- Bromus willdenowii Kunth
- Buddleja davidii Franch.
- Caeoma kaiku G. Cunn. 1930
- Calendula officinalis L.
- Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees
- Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull
- Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin
- Calonectria morganii Crous, Alfenas & M.J. Wingf. 1993
- Calonectria nivalis Schaffnit 1913
- Calvatia caelata (Bull.) Morgan 1890
- Calvatia cyathiformis (Bosc) Morgan 1890
- Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd 1904
- Calvatia lilacina (Mont. & Berk.) Henn. 1904
- Calvatia utriformis (Bull.) Jaap 1918 [1917]
- Calyptella totara (G. Cunn.) W.B. Cooke 1961
- Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.
- Calystegia soldanella (L.) R.Br.
- Camellia japonica L.
- Camellia reticulata Lindl.
- Camellia sasanqua Thunb.
- Campanula persicifolia L.
- Capnodium salicinum Mont. 1849
- Capnodium walteri Sacc. 1893
- Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.
- Capsicum annuum L.
- Cardamine
- Cardamine bilobata Kirk
- Cardamine debilis DC.
- Cardamine hirsuta L.
- Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis
- Carex appressa R.Br.
- Carex berggrenii Petrie
- Carex breviculmis R.Br.
- Carex buchananii Berggr.
- Carex capillacea Boott
- Carex colensoi Boott
- Carex coriacea Hamlin
- Carex dipsacea Berggr.
- Carex dissita Boott
- Carex echinata Murray
- Carex fascicularis Boott
- Carex gaudichaudiana Kunth
- Carex geminata Schkuhr
- Carex inversa R.Br.
- Carex kirkii Petrie
- Carex maorica Hamlin
- Carex pumila Thunb.
- Carex pyrenaica var. cephalotes (F.Muell.) Kük.
- Carex resectans Cheeseman
- Carex riparia Curtis
- Carex sinclairii Boott
- Carex solandri Boott
- Carex subdola Boott
- Carex virgata Boott
- Carex wakatipu Petrie
- Carica pubescens Lenné & K.Koch
- Carmichaelia
- Carmichaelia arborea (G.Forst.) Druce
- Carmichaelia carmichaeliae (Hook.f.) Heenan
- Carpha alpina R.Br.
- Carpodetus serratus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Castanea sativa Mill.
- Cattleya
- Ceanothus
- Celmisia alpina (Kirk) Cheeseman
- Celmisia angustifolia Cockayne
- Celmisia armstrongii Petrie
- Celmisia discolor Hook.f. var. discolor
- Celmisia glandulosa Hook.f.
- Celmisia gracilenta Hook.f.
- Celmisia graminifolia Hook.f.
- Celmisia haastii Hook.f.
- Celmisia hookeri Cockayne
- Celmisia incana Hook.f.
- Celmisia lyallii Hook.f.
- Celmisia major Cheeseman
- Celmisia monroi Hook.f.
- Celmisia petriei Cheeseman
- Celmisia prorepens Petrie
- Celmisia semicordata Petrie
- Celmisia sinclairii Hook.f.
- Celmisia spectabilis Hook.f.
- Celmisia traversii Hook.f.
- Celmisia verbascifolia Hook.f. subsp. verbascifolia
- Celmisia verbascifolia subsp. rigida (Kirk) Given
- Celmisia viscosa Hook.f.
- Celmisia walkeri Kirk
- Centaurea cyanus L.
- Centaurea erythraea
- Centella uniflora (Colenso) Nannf.
- Centranthus ruber (L.) DC.
- Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.
- Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halst. 1890
- Cercospora althaeina Sacc. 1878
- Cercospora apii Fresen. 1863
- Cercospora aristoteliae Cooke 1890
- Cercospora atromarginalis G.F. Atk. 1892
- Cercospora beticola Sacc. 1876
- Cercospora bolleana (Thüm.) Speg. 1879
- Cercospora canescens Ellis & G. Martin 1882
- Cercospora carotae (Pass.) Solheim 1930 [1929]
- Cercospora ceanothi Kellerm. & Swingle 1888
- Cercospora chenopodii Fresen. 1863
- Cercospora depazeoides (Desm.) Sacc. 1876
- Cercospora dubia (Riess) G. Winter 1882
- Cercospora eupatorii Peck 1883 [1879]
- Cercospora eupatorii sensu Dingley 1965
- Cercospora haloragis Dingley 1965
- Cercospora handelii Bubák 1909
- Cercospora odontoglossi Prill. & Delacr. 1893
- Cercospora omphacodes Ellis & Holw. 1885
- Cercospora platensis Speg. 1880
- Cercospora ribis Earle 1898
- Cercospora varia Peck 1884 [1881]
- Cercospora violae Sacc. 1876
- Cercospora zebrina Pass. 1876
- Cercosporella brassicae (Fautrey & Roum.) Höhn. 1924
- Cercosporella bromivora Latch 1965
- Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron 1912
- Cercosporidium graminis (Fuckel) Deighton 1967
- Chamaecyparis
- Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (Murray) Parl.
- Chamaecyparis pisifera (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.
- Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
- Chamaecytisus palmensis (H.Christ) F.A.Bisby & K.W.Nicholls
- Cheesemania wallii (Carse) Allan
- Cheilaria agrostidis Lib. 1830
- Cheiranthus cheiri L.
- Cheiridopsis candidissima (Haw.) N.E.Br.
- Chenopodium album L.
- Chenopodium murale L.
- Chionochloa flavescens Zotov
- Chionochloa rubra Zotov
- Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers.) Pouzar 1959
- Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat.
- Chrysomyxa rhododendri de Bary 1879
- Cichorium intybus L.
- Cintractia caricis sensu Dingley 1969
- Cintractia schoenus G. Cunn. 1928
- Cintractia sclerotiformis (Cooke & Massee) G. Cunn. 1924
- Cintractia spinificis (F. Ludw.) McAlpine 1910
- Cintractia waiouru G. Cunn. 1945
- Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.
- Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.
- Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai
- Citrus ×jambhiri Lush.
- Citrus ×latifolia Y.Tanaka
- Citrus ×limon (L.) Burm.f.
- Citrus ×sinensis (L.) Osbeck
- Citrus ×tangelo J.W.Ingram & H.E.Moore
- Citrus grandis × reticulata
- Citrus ichangensis × reticulata
- Citrus reticulata Blanco
- Cladosporium allii (Ellis & G. Martin) P.M. Kirk & J.G. Crompton 1984
- Cladosporium fulvum Cooke 1883
- Claviceps paspali F. Stevens & J.G. Hall 1910
- Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. 1853
- Clematis
- Clematis afoliata Buchanan
- Clematis foetida Raoul
- Clematis forsteri J.F.Gmel.
- Clematis marata J.B.Armstr.
- Clematis paniculata J.F.Gmel.
- Clematis vitalba L.
- Cleome hassleriana Chodat
- Cochliobolus ravenelii Alcorn 1981
- Coleosporium campanulae (Pers.) Tul. 1854
- Coleroa circinans (Fr.) G. Winter 1885 [1887]
- Colletotrichum acutatum f.sp. pineum Dingley & J.W. Gilmour 1972
- Colletotrichum acutatum J.H. Simmonds 1968
- Colletotrichum circinans (Berk.) Voglino 1907
- Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) S. Hughes 1958
- Colletotrichum Corda 1831 [1837]
- Colletotrichum destructivum O'Gara 1915
- Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G.W. Wilson 1914
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara 1889
- Colletotrichum lini (Westerd.) Tochinai 1926
- Colletotrichum linicola Pethybr. & Laff. 1918
- Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. & Mont.) Arx 1957
- Colletotrichum sp.
- Colletotrichum trifolii Bain 1906
- Collospermum hastatum (Colenso) Skottsb.
- Coltricia aureofulva (Lloyd) G. Cunn. 1948
- Coltricia schweinitzii (Fr.) G. Cunn. 1948
- Coltricia schweinitzii sensu G. Cunn. 1948
- Coniothecium chomatosporum sensu auct. NZ
- Consolida ambigua (L.) P.W.Ball & Heywood
- Convolvulus arvensis L.
- Conyza bilbaoana J.Rémy
- Coprosma
- Coprosma arborea Kirk
- Coprosma foetidissima J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Coprosma grandifolia Hook.f.
- Coprosma lucida J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Coprosma macrocarpa Cheeseman
- Coprosma perpusilla Colenso
- Coprosma repens Hook.f.
- Coprosma rhamnoides A.Cunn.
- Coprosma robusta Raoul
- Coprosma spathulata A.Cunn.
- Coprosma tenuifolia Cheeseman
- Cordyline australis (G.Forst.) Endl.
- Cordyline banksii Hook.f.
- Coriaria angustissima Hook.f.
- Coriaria lurida Kirk
- Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm.
- Cortaderia jubata (Lem.) Stapf
- Cortaderia toetoe Zotov
- Corticium fuciforme (McAlpine) Wakef. 1917 [1916]
- Corticium rolfsii Curzi 1931
- Corticium salmonicolor Berk. & Broome 1873 [1875]
- Corynelia tropica (Auersw. & Rabenh.) Starbäck 1905
- Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) C.T. Wei 1950
- Coryneum cardinale W.W. Wagener 1939
- Corynocarpus laevigatus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Cotinus coggygria Scop.
- Cotoneaster
- Cotula australis (Spreng.) Hook.f.
- Craspedia uniflora G.Forst.
- Crataegus monogyna Jacq.
- Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr.
- Crinodendron
- Critesion murinum (L.) Á.Löve subsp. murinum
- Cryphonectria gyrosa (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. & D. Sacc. 1905
- Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D.Don
- Cryptosporella viticola Shear
- Cucumis melo L.
- Cucumis sativus L.
- Cucurbita maxima Duchesne
- Cucurbita moschata Poir.
- Cucurbita pepo L.
- Cupressus arizonica Greene
- Cupressus lusitanica Mill.
- Cupressus macnabiana
- Cupressus macrocarpa Gordon
- Cupressus sempervirens L.
- Cupressus torulosa D.Don
- Cyathea dealbata (G.Forst.) Sw.
- Cyathea medullaris (G.Forst.) Sw.
- Cyathea smithii Hook.f.
- Cyclamen persicum Mill.
- Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter 1983
- Cyclomyces tabacinus (Mont.) Pat. 1900
- Cydonia oblonga Mill.
- Cylindrocladium scoparium Morgan 1892
- Cylindrosporium betulae Davis 1910
- Cymadothea trifolii (Kill.) F.A. Wolf 1935
- Cymbidium
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
- Cynosurus cristatus L.
- Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn.
- Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link
- Cyttaria gunnii Berk. 1847
- Cyttaria gunnii sensu auct. NZ
- Cyttaria nigra Rawlings 1956
- Cyttaria pallida Rawlings 1956
- Dacrycarpus dacrydioides (A.Rich.) de Laub.
- Dacrydium colensoi
- Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb.
- Dactylis glomerata L.
- Dahlia
- Daphne odora Thunb.
- Daucus carota var. sativus (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens
- Davisomycella ampla (Davis) Darker 1967
- Delphinium ×cultorum Voss
- Dematophora sp.
- Dendrobenthamia capitata (Wall.) Hutch.
- Dendrobium cunninghamii Lindl.
- Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv.
- Deyeuxia avenoides (Hook.f.) Buchanan
- Deyeuxia quadriseta (Labill.) Benth.
- Dianella nigra Colenso
- Dianthus barbatus L.
- Dianthus caryophyllus L.
- Diaporthe adunca (Desm.) Niessl 1872
- Diaporthe batatas Harter & E.C. Field
- Diaporthe citri F.A. Wolf 1926
- Diaporthe perniciosa Marchal & É.J. Marchal 1921
- Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. 1882
- Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. 1882 var. phaseolorum
- Diaporthe phaseolorum var. batatas (Harter & E.C. Field) Wehmeyer 1933
- Dichelachne crinita (L.f.) Hook.f.
- Dichondra brevifolia Buchanan
- Dichondra repens J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Dicksonia squarrosa (G.Forst.) Sw.
- Didymascella thujina (E.J. Durand) Maire 1927
- Didymella applanata (Niessl) Sacc. 1882
- Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.) Rehm 1871
- Didymella fabae G.J. Jellis & Punith. 1991
- Didymella ligulicola (K.F. Baker, Dimock & L.H. Davis) Arx 1962
- Didymella lycopersici Kleb. 1921
- Didymellina dianthi C.C. Burt 1936
- Didymellina macrospora Kleb. 1924
- Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.
- Dilophospora alopecuri (Fr.) Fr. 1849
- Diospyros kaki L.f.
- Diplocarpon mespili (Sorauer) B. Sutton 1980
- Diplocarpon rosae F.A. Wolf 1912
- Diplochorella melicyti (Syd. & P. Syd.) Syd. & P. Syd. 1915
- Diplodia crataegi Westend. 1867
- Diplodia pinea (Desm.) J. Kickx f. 1867
- Diplodia zeae Lév. 1848
- Diplodina eurhododendri W. Voss 1887
- Diplotaxis
- Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.
- Discaria toumatou Raoul
- Discosphaerina fulvida (F.R. Sand.) Sivan. 1984
- Discostroma corticola (Fuckel) Brockmann 1976 [1975]
- Discula brenckleana (Sacc., Syd. & P. Syd.) Petr. 1924
- Disphyma australe (W.T.Aiton) N.E.Br.
- Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.
- Dolichoglottis scorzoneroides (Hook.f.) B.Nord.
- Dracophyllum prostratum Kirk
- Dracophyllum uniflorum Hook.f.
- Drechslera andersenii A. Lam 1986 [1985]
- Drechslera dictyoides f.sp. perennis (Braverman & J.H. Graham) Shoemaker 1962
- Drechslera siccans (Drechsler) Shoemaker 1959
- Drepanopeziza ribis (Kleb.) Höhn. 1917
- Drepanopeziza sphaerioides (Pers.) Höhn. 1917
- Dryandra
- Dysoxylum spectabile (G.Forst.) Hook.f.
- Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv.
- Echinopogon ovatus (G.Forst.) P.Beauv.
- Echinops
- Einadia triandra (G.Forst.) A.J.Scott
- Elaeocarpus dentatus (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Vahl
- Elaeocarpus hookerianus Raoul
- Eleocharis sphacelata R.Br.
- Elfvingia applanata sensu G. Cunn. 1965
- Elfvingia australis (Fr.) G. Cunn. 1965
- Elfvingia mastopora sensu G. Cunn. 1965
- Elsinoe ampelina Shear 1929
- Elsinoe fawcettii Bitanc. & Jenkins 1936
- Elsinoe mattirolianum G. Arnaud & Bitanc. 1949
- Elsinoe parthenocissi Jenkins & Bitanc. 1942
- Elsinoe pyri (Woron.) Jenkins 1932
- Elsinoe rosarum Jenkins & Bitanc. 1957
- Elsinoe veneta (Burkh.) Jenkins 1932
- Elymus rectisetus (Nees) A.Löve & Connor
- Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski
- Endodothella helvetica (Fuckel) Theiss. & Syd. 1915
- Endothia tropicalis Shear & N.E. Stevens 1917
- Endymion hispanicus (Mill.) Chouard
- Endymion non-scriptus (L.) Garcke
- Entelea arborescens R.Br.
- Entyloma australe Speg. 1880
- Entyloma calendulae (Oudem.) de Bary 1874
- Entyloma compositarum Farl. 1883
- Entyloma dahliae Syd. & P. Syd. 1912
- Entyloma fuscum J. Schröt. 1877
- Entyloma parietariae Rayss 1952
- Entyloma picridis Rostr. 1877
- Entyloma serotinum J. Schröt. 1877
- Epilobium alsinoides A.Cunn. subsp. alsinoides
- Epilobium alsinoides subsp. atriplicifolium (A.Cunn.) P.H.Raven & Engelhorn
- Epilobium billardiereanum subsp. cinereum (A.Rich.) P.H.Raven & Engelhorn
- Epilobium brunnescens (Cockayne) P.H.Raven & Engelhorn
- Epilobium chlorifolium Hausskn.
- Epilobium confertifolium Hook.f.
- Epilobium glabellum G.Forst.
- Epilobium hectori Hausskn.
- Epilobium melanocaulon Hook.
- Epilobium microphyllum A.Rich.
- Epilobium nummulariifolium A.Cunn.
- Epilobium pedunculare A.Cunn.
- Epilobium pernitens Cockayne & Allan
- Epilobium pictum Petrie
- Epilobium pubens A.Rich.
- Epilobium rostratum Cheeseman
- Epilobium tasmanicum Hausskn.
- Erica
- Erica canaliculata Andrews
- Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
- Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi (Grev.) R.Y. Zheng & G.Q. Chen 1981
- Erysiphe biocellata Ehrenb. 1821
- Erysiphe carpophila Syd. 1924
- Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. 1805
- Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell 1967
- Erysiphe orontii Castagne 1851
- Erysiphe pisi DC. 1805
- Erysiphe polygoni sensu auct. NZ
- Erysiphe R. Hedw. ex DC. 1805
- Erythricium salmonicolor (Berk. & Broome) Burds. 1985
- Escallonia rubra var. macrantha (Hook. & Arn.) Reiche
- Eucalyptus
- Eucalyptus botryoides Sm.
- Eucalyptus delegatensis R.T.Baker
- Eucalyptus ficifolia F.Muell.
- Eucalyptus gigantea
- Eucalyptus globoidea Blakely
- Eucalyptus globulus Labill. subsp. globulus
- Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii (F.Muell.) J.B.Kirkp.
- Eucalyptus obliqua L'Hér.
- Eucalyptus ovata Labill.
- Eucalyptus regnans F.Muell.
- Eucalyptus saligna Sm.
- Euonymus japonicus Thunb.
- Eupenicillium crustaceum F. Ludw. 1892
- Euphorbia glauca G.Forst.
- Euphorbia peplus L.
- Euphrasia cuneata G.Forst.
- Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinners
- Eutypa lata (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul. 1863
- Exobasidium camelliae Shirai 1896
- Exobasidium dracophylli McNabb 1962
- Exobasidium fraseri McNabb 1962
- Exobasidium gaultheriae Sawada 1929
- Exobasidium gracile (Shirai) Syd. & P. Syd. 1912
- Exobasidium novae-zealandiae McNabb 1962
- Exobasidium pentachondrae McNabb 1962
- Exobasidium vaccinii (Fuckel) Woronin 1867
- Fagus sylvatica L.
- Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A.Löve
- Farysia butleri (Syd. & P. Syd.) Syd. & P. Syd. 1919
- Farysia caricis-filicinae S. Ito 1935
- Farysia catenata (F. Ludw.) Syd. 1937
- Farysia endotricha (Berk.) Syd. & P. Syd. 1919
- Farysia merrillii (Henn.) Syd. & P. Syd. 1919
- Farysia nigra (G. Cunn.) G. Cunn. 1926
- Farysia olivacea (DC.) Syd. & P. Syd. 1919
- Farysia thuemenii (A.A. Fisch. Waldh.) Nannf. 1959
- Farysporium endotrichum (Berk.) Vánky 1999
- Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.
- Feijoa sellowiana (O.Berg.) O.Berg
- Felicia bergeriana (Spreng.) O.Hoffm.
- Festuca
- Festuca novae-zelandiae (Hack.) Cockayne
- Festuca rubra subsp. commutata Gaudin
- Ficus carica L.
- Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
- Fomes hemitephrus (Berk.) Cooke 1885
- Forstera bidwillii var. densifolia Mildbr.
- Forsythia
- Fragaria ×ananassa Duchesne
- Fraxinus excelsior L.
- Freesia refracta (Jacq.) Klatt
- Freycinetia baueriana subsp. banksii (A.Cunn.) B.C.Stone
- Fuchsia ×hybrida Vilm.
- Fuchsia excorticata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) L.f.
- Fuchsia perscandens Cockayne & Allan
- Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. 1886
- Fusarium caeruleum Lib. ex Sacc. 1886
- Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc. 1895
- Fusarium Link 1809
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. callistephi (Beach) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (Hanzawa) W.C. Synder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. conglutinans (Wollenw.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum J.H. Owen 1956
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Prill. & Delacr.) W.C. Snyd. & Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli (Massey) W.C. Synder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini (Bolley) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. narcissi W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (E.F. Sm.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi (Lindf.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1940
- Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. 1824
- Fusarium redolens Wollenw. 1913
- Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Ravenel 1875
- Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli (Burkh.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1941
- Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi (F.R. Jones) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen 1941
- Fusarium solani var. caeruleum (Lib. ex Sacc.) C. Booth 1971
- Fusarium sp.
- Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb. 1915
- Fusicoccum amygdali Delacr. 1905
- Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae (E.M. Turner) Dennis 1960
- Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici J. Walker 1972
- Gahnia
- Gahnia pauciflora Kirk
- Gahnia setifolia (A.Rich.) Hook.f.
- Gahnia xanthocarpa (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
- Gaillardia aristata Pursh
- Galega officinalis L.
- Galium aparine L.
- Galium perpusillum (Hook.f.) Allan
- Galium propinquum A.Cunn.
- Galium trilobum Colenso
- Ganoderma applanatum sensu Wakef. 1915
- Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat. 1889
- Garrya elliptica Douglas
- Gaultheria antipoda G.Forst.
- Gaultheria depressa Hook.f.
- Gaultheria rupestris (L.f.) D.Don var. rupestris
- Gaultheria rupestris var. subcorymbosa (Colenso) B.L.Burtt & A.W.Hill
- Gazania rigens (L.) Gaertn.
- Geniostoma rupestre var. ligustrifolium (A.Cunn.) B.J.Conn
- Gentiana antarctica Kirk
- Gentiana bellidifolia Hook.f.
- Gentiana cerina Hook.f.
- Gentiana corymbifera Kirk
- Gentiana grisebachii Hook.f.
- Gentiana patula (Kirk) Cheeseman
- Gentiana townsonii Cheeseman
- Geranium homeanum Turcz.
- Geranium molle L.
- Geranium potentilloides DC.
- Geranium pusillum L.
- Geranium sessiliflorum subsp. novaezelandiae Carolin
- Gerbera jamesonii Hook.f.
- Geum
- Geum aleppicum Jacq.
- Geum cockaynei (F.Bolle) Molloy & C.J.Webb
- Geum uniflorum Buchanan
- Gibberella avenacea R.J. Cook 1967
- Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc. 1883
- Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw. 1931
- Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans E.T. Edwards 1933
- Gibberella intricans Wollenw. 1931
- Gibberella macrolopha (Syd.) Dingley 1952
- Gibberella pulicaris (Fr.) Sacc. 1877
- Gibberella saubinetii (Durieu & Mont.) Sacc. 1879
- Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch 1936
- Gingidia montana (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) J.W.Dawson
- Gladiolus
- Gloeocystidiellum sacratum (G. Cunn.) Stalpers & P.K. Buchanan 1991
- Gloeodes pomigena (Schwein.) Colby 1920
- Gloeosporium betulae Fuckel 1870 [1869-70]
- Gloeosporium concentricum (Grev.) Berk. & Broome 1850
- Gloeosporium platani (Mont.) Oudem.
- Gloeosporium sorbi Rostr. 1898
- Gloeotinia temulenta (Prill. & Delacr.) M. Wilson, Noble & E.G. Gray 1954
- Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk 1903
- Glomerella miyabeana (Fukushi) Arx 1957
- Glomerella phacidiomorpha (Ces.) Petr. 1927
- Glomerella phacidiomorpha sensu Kinghorn 1936
- Glyceria fluitans (L.) R.Br.
- Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb.
- Glycine max (L.) Merr.
- Gnaphalium americanum Mill.
- Gnaphalium coarctatum Willd.
- Gnaphalium simplicicaule Spreng.
- Gnomonia bullata B.J. Murray 1926
- Gnomonia comari P. Karst. 1873
- Gomphocarpus fruticosus (L.) R.Br.
- Gonocarpus micranthus Thunb.
- Grammitis billardierei Willd.
- Graphiola phoenicis (Moug.) Poit. 1824
- Grifola colensoi (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
- Grifola rosulata (G. Cunn.) G. Cunn. 1965
- Griselinia littoralis Raoul
- Griselinia lucida G.Forst.
- Guignardia cytisi (Fuckel) Arx & E. Müll. 1954
- Guignardia fulvida F.R. Sand. 1965
- Guignardia rhodorae (Cooke) B.H. Davis 1946
- Gymnosporangium clavariiforme (Wulfen) DC. 1805
- Gypsophila paniculata L.
- Haematonectria haematococca (Berk. & Broome) Samuels & Nirenberg 1999
- Hakea sericea Schrad. & J.C.Wendl.
- Haloragis erecta (Murray) Oken
- Hamaspora australis G. Cunn. 1930
- Hebe
- Hebe brachysiphon Summerh.
- Hebe carnea (J.B.Armstr.) A.Wall
- Hebe elliptica (G.Forst.) Pennell
- Hebe glaucophylla (Cockayne) Cockayne
- Hebe hulkeana (F.Muell.) Cockayne & Allan
- Hebe macrantha (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan var. macrantha
- Hebe macrantha var. brachyphylla (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan
- Hebe macrocarpa (Vahl) Cockayne & Allan
- Hebe obtusata (Cheeseman) Cockayne & Allan
- Hebe odora (Hook.f.) Cockayne
- Hebe salicifolia (G.Forst.) Pennell
- Hebe speciosa (A.Cunn.) Cockayne & Allan
- Hebe stricta (Benth.) L.B.Moore
- Hebe stricta var. atkinsonii (Cockayne) L.B.Moore
- Hebe stricta var. macroura (Benth.) L.B.Moore
- Hebe treadwellii Cockayne & Allan
- Hedycarya arborea J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Helianthus annuus L.
- Helianthus tuberosus L.
- Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desm.) Donk 1958
- Helminthosporium solani Durieu & Mont. 1848
- Hermodactylus tuberosus (L.) Mill.
- Herpobasidium deformans C.J. Gould 1945
- Heterobasidion araucariae P.K. Buchanan 1988
- Heteropatella antirrhini Buddin & Wakef. 1926
- Heteropatella eriophila Syd. 1924
- Heteropatella valtellinensis (Traverso) Wollenw. 1931
- Heterotolyposporium piluliforme (Berk.) Vánky 1997
- Hierochloe redolens (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
- Hippeastrum vittatum (L'Hér.) Herb.
- Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss.
- Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J.Sm.
- Hoheria angustifolia Raoul
- Hoheria glabrata Sprague & Summerh.
- Hoheria lyallii Hook.f.
- Hoheria populnea A.Cunn.
- Hoheria sexstylosa Colenso
- Holcus lanatus L.
- Holcus mollis L.
- Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare
- Humulus lupulus L.
- Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.
- Hydrocotyle
- Hydrocotyle elongata A.Cunn.
- Hydrocotyle moschata G.Forst.
- Hydrocotyle novae-zelandiae var. novae-zelandiae
- Hydrocotyle sulcata C.J.Webb & P.N.Johnson
- Hymenochaete cervina Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1868 [1869]
- Hyoscyamus niger L.
- Hypericum androsaemum L.
- Hypericum gramineum G. Forst. 1786
- Hypericum japonicum Thunb. 1784
- Hypericum perforatum L.
- Hypochaeris glabra L.
- Inonotus lloydii (Cleland) P.K. Buchanan & Ryvarden 1993
- Insolibasidium deformans (C.J. Gould) Oberw. & Bandoni 1984
- Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
- Irenopsis hoheriae Hansf. 1955
- Iris ×fulvala Dykes
- Iris ×germanica L.
- Iris chrysographes Dykes
- Iris fulva Ker Gawl.
- Iris hexagona Walter
- Iris laevigata Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Iris nepalensis D.Don
- Iris reticulata M.Bieb.
- Iris setosa Link
- Iris tingitana Boiss. & Reut.
- Iris versicolor L.
- Iris xiphium L.
- Ischnoderma rosulatum (G. Cunn.) P.K. Buchanan & Ryvarden 1988
- Isolepis nodosa (Rottb.) R.Br.
- Isolepis prolifera (Rottb.) R.Br.
- Isopogon
- Itersonilia pastinacae Channon 1963
- Itersonilia perplexans Derx 1948
- Ixerba brexioides A.Cunn.
- Ixia
- Jasminum
- Jasminum mesnyi Hance
- Juglans regia L.
- Juncus effusus L.
- Juncus effusus var. compactus Lej. & Courtois
- Juncus novae-zelandiae Hook.f.
- Juncus pallidus R.Br.
- Juncus planifolius R.Br.
- Juncus pusillus Buchenau
- Juniperus
- Juniperus communis L.
- Kalanchoe
- Khuskia oryzae H.J. Huds. 1963
- Knightia excelsa R.Br.
- Kuehneola uredinis (Link) Arthur 1906
- Kunzea ericoides (A.Rich.) Joy Thomps. 1983
- Laburnum
- Lachenalia aloides (L.f.) Asch. & Graebn.
- Lachenalia bulbifera (Cirillo) Asch. & Graebn.
- Lachnagrostis filiformis (G.Forst.) Trin.
- Lactuca saligna L.
- Lactuca sativa L.
- Lactuca serriola L.
- Laetiporus portentosus (Berk.) Rajchenb. 1995
- Laetisaria fuciformis (McAlpine) Burds. 1979
- Lagenophora barkeri Kirk
- Lagenophora cuneata Petrie
- Lagenophora petiolata Hook.f.
- Lagenophora pumila (G.Forst.) Cheeseman
- Lagerstroemia indica L.
- Lagunaria patersonia (Andrews) G.Don
- Lampranthus
- Lapsana communis L.
- Larix
- Larix decidua Mill.
- Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière
- Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. 1909
- Lastreopsis hispida (Sw.) Tindale
- Lathyrus latifolius L.
- Lathyrus odoratus L.
- Lathyrus pratensis L.
- Laurelia novae-zelandiae A.Cunn.
- Lauterbachiella dicksoniifolia Dingley 1972
- Lavatera arborea L.
- Lavatera cretica L.
- Lepidium oleraceum Sparrm.
- Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Thell.
- Lepidium sativum L.
- Lepteutypa cupressi (Nattras, C. Booth & B. Sutton) H.J. Swart 1973
- Leptospermum ericoides
- Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Leptosphaeria avenaria G.F. Weber 1922
- Leptosphaeria coniothyrium (Fuckel) Sacc. 1875
- Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
- Leptosphaeria nesodes (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. 1883
- Leptosphaeria nodorum E. Müll. 1952
- Leptosphaeria pratensis Sacc. & Briard 1885
- Leptothyrium pomi (Mont. & Fr.) Sacc. 1880
- Leptotrochila medicaginis (Fuckel) Schüepp 1959
- Leucadendron adscendens R.Br.
- Leucopogon fasciculatus (G.Forst.) A.Rich.
- Leucopogon fraseri A.Cunn.
- Leucospermum
- Libocedrus plumosa (D.Don) Sarg.
- Lidophia graminis (Sacc.) J. Walker & B. Sutton 1974
- Ligniera junci sensu Dingley 1969
- Ligniera pilorum Fron & Gaillat 1925
- Lignocarpa carnosula (Hook.f.) J.W.Dawson
- Ligustrum vulgare L.
- Lilium
- Lilium ×testaceum
- Lilium auratum Lindl.
- Lilium candidum L.
- Lilium chalcedonicum L.
- Lilium davidii var. willmottiae (E.H.Wilson) Raffill
- Lilium martagon L.
- Lilium monadelphum M.Bieb.
- Lilium speciosum Thunb.
- Linaria maroccana Hook.f.
- Lindsaea trichomanoides Dryand.
- Linum bienne Mill.
- Linum monogynum G.Forst.
- Linum usitatissimum L.
- Lobelia anceps L.f.
- Lobelia erinus L.
- Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.
- Lolium multiflorum Lam.
- Lolium perenne L.
- Lolium temulentum L.
- Lonicera japonica Thunb.
- Lonicera nitida E.H.Wilson
- Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad.) Chevall. 1826
- Lotus
- Lotus pedunculatus Cav.
- Luculia gratissima Sweet
- Lupinus angustifolius L.
- Lupinus arboreus Sims
- Lupinus luteus L.
- Luzula banksiana E.Mey. var. banksiana
- Luzula banksiana var. rhadina (Buchenau) Edgar
- Luzula crinita Hook.f. var. crinita
- Luzula picta A.Rich. var. picta
- Luzula picta var. limosa Edgar
- Luzula rufa var. rufa
- Luzula traversii var. traversii
- Luzuriaga parviflora (Hook.f.) Kunth
- Lycium ferocissimum Miers
- Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
- Lygodium articulatum A.Rich.
- Macrophoma salicis Dearn. & Barthol.
- Macropiper excelsum (G.Forst.) Miq.
- Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Hebert) M.E. Barr 1977
- Magnolia
- Malcolmia maritima (L.) R.Br.
- Malus ×domestica Borkh.
- Malus angustifolia (Ait.) Michx.
- Malus sylvestris
- Malva neglecta Wallr.
- Malva parviflora L.
- Malva sylvestris L.
- Manoao colensoi (Hook.) Molloy
- Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr. 1836
- Marsippospermum gracile (Hook.f.) Buchenau
- Marssonina panattoniana (Berl.) Magnus 1906
- Marssonina salicicola (Bres.) Magnus 1906
- Mastigosporium muticum (Sacc.) Gunnerb. 1971
- Mastigosporium rubricosum (Dearn. & Barthol.) Nannf. 1939
- Matthiola incana (L.) R.Br.
- Medicago arabica (L.) Huds.
- Medicago lupulina L.
- Medicago nigra (L.) Krock.
- Medicago sativa L.
- Melampsora euphorbiae (C. Schub.) Castagne 1843
- Melampsora hypericorum G. Winter 1881 [1884]
- Melampsora kusanoi Dietel 1905
- Melampsora lini (Ehrenb.) Desm. 1850
- Melampsora novae-zelandiae G. Cunn. 1928
- Melampsoridium betulinum Kleb. 1899
- Melicope ternata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Melicytus ramiflorus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Meliola argentina Speg. 1880
- Meliola ripogoni Hansf. 1953
- Meliolina mollis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Höhn.
- Meliolina novae-zealandiae Hansf. 1954
- Mentha cunninghamii Benth.
- Mentha spicata L.
- Mentha suaveolens Ehrh.
- Meria laricis Vuill. 1896
- Meryta sinclairii (Hook.f.) Seem.
- Mespilus germanica L.
- Metrosideros
- Metrosideros albiflora Gaertn.
- Metrosideros excelsa Gaertn.
- Metrosideros fulgens Gaertn.
- Metrosideros robusta A.Cunn.
- Microbotryum cordae (Liro) G. Deml & Prillinger 1991
- Microbotryum tenuisporum (Cif.) Vánky 1998
- Microdochium panattonianum (Berl.) B. Sutton, Galea & T.V. Price 1986
- Microlaena avenacea (Raoul) Hook.f.
- Microlaena stipoides (Labill.) R.Br.
- Microsphaera alphitoides Griffon & Maubl. 1912
- Microsphaera begoniae Sivan. 1971
- Microsphaera euonymi-japonici Vienn.-Bourg. 1968
- Microsphaera grossulariae (Wallr.) Lév. 1851
- Microthyriella phaeospora Hansf. 1954
- Microtis unifolia (G.Forst.) Rchb.f.
- Mida salicifolia A.Cunn.
- Miyagia pseudosphaeria (Mont.) Jørst. 1962 [1961]
- Modiola caroliniana (L.) G.Don
- Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey 1928
- Monilochaetes infuscans Ellis & Halst. ex Harter 1916
- Monographella nivalis (Schaffnit) E. Müll. 1977
- Moreaua kochiana (Gäum.) Vánky 2000
- Moreaua littoralis (G. Cunn.) Vánky 2000
- Morus alba L.
- Morus nigra L.
- Muehlenbeckia australis (G.Forst.) Meisn.
- Muehlenbeckia axillaris (Hook.f.) Walp.
- Muehlenbeckia complexa (A.Cunn.) Meisn.
- Mycosphaerella brassicicola (Duby) Lindau 1897
- Mycosphaerella coacervata Syd. 1924
- Mycosphaerella cryptica (Cooke) Hansf. 1956
- Mycosphaerella dianthi (C.C. Burt) Jørst. 1945
- Mycosphaerella enteleae (Dingley) Sivan. 1977
- Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul. & C. Tul.) Johanson ex Oudem. 1897
- Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schröt. 1894 [1908]
- Mycosphaerella hieracii (Sacc. & Briard) Jaap 1908
- Mycosphaerella hydrocotyles-asiaticae (Pat.) Petr.
- Mycosphaerella killianii Petr. 1941
- Mycosphaerella ligulicola K.F. Baker, Dimock & L.H. Davis 1949
- Mycosphaerella linicola Naumov 1926
- Mycosphaerella linorum (Wollenw.) García-Rada 1942
- Mycosphaerella macrospora (Kleb.) Jørst. 1945
- Mycosphaerella melonis (Pass.) W.F. Chiu & J.C. Walker 1949
- Mycosphaerella mori F.A. Wolf 1935
- Mycosphaerella nubilosa (Cooke) Hansf. 1956
- Mycosphaerella pini Rostr. ex Munk 1957
- Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & A. Bloxam) Vestergr. 1896
- Mycosphaerella pomi (Pass.) Lindau 1897
- Mycosphaerella ribis (Fuckel) Kleb. 1918
- Mycosphaerella rumicis (Desm.) Grove 1933
- Mycosphaerella spissa Syd. 1924
- Mycosphaerella ulmi Kleb. 1902
- Mycovellosiella fulva (Cooke) Arx 1983
- Myoporum acuminatum R.Br.
- Myoporum laetum G.Forst.
- Myosotis capitata Hook.f.
- Myosotis eximia Petrie
- Myosotis saxosa Hook.f.
- Myosotis suavis Petrie
- Myrsine australis (A.Rich.) Allan
- Myrsine salicina Hook.f.
- Mystrosporium adustum Massee
- Myxosporium hoheriae J.D. Atk. 1940
- Naemacyclus niveus sensu auct. NZ
- Narcissus
- Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 1849
- Nectria galligena Bres. 1901
- Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome 1873 [1875]
- Nectria haematococca var. cucurbitae (W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen) Dingley
- Nectria hoheriae Dingley 1989
- Nectria ochroleuca (Schwein.) Berk. 1875
- Nectria pinea Dingley 1951
- Nectria rubi Osterw. 1911
- Neofabraea alba (E.J. Guthrie) Verkley 1999
- Neofabraea malicorticis H.S. Jacks. 1913
- Neofabraea malicorticis sensu Dingley 1969
- Neomyrtus pedunculata (Hook.f.) Allan
- Neonectria galligena (Bres.) Rossman & Samuels 1999
- Nerine curvifolia var. fothergillii (Andrews) Baker
- Nerine filifolia Baker
- Nestegis
- Nestegis lanceolata (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson
- Nicotiana ×sanderae W.Watson
- Nicotiana tabacum L.
- Nigrospora oryzae (Berk. & Broome) Petch 1924
- Nothofagus
- Nothofagus fusca (Hook.f.) Oerst.
- Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Oerst.
- Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Oerst. var. solandri
- Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Poole
- Nothofagus truncata (Colenso) Cockayne
- Odontoglossum
- Odontophorus marlothii N.E.Br.
- Oidium hortensiae Jørst. 1926
- Oidium sp.
- Olea europaea L.
- Olearia angustifolia Hook.f.
- Olearia arborescens (G.Forst.) Cockayne & Laing
- Olearia avicenniifolia (Raoul) Hook.f.
- Olearia colensoi Hook.f.
- Olearia furfuracea (A.Rich.) Hook.f.
- Olearia ilicifolia × lacunosa
- Olearia ilicifolia Hook.f.
- Olearia lacunosa Hook.f.
- Olearia lyallii Hook.f.
- Olearia macrodonta Baker
- Olearia moschata Hook.f.
- Olearia nummulariifolia Hook.f.
- Olearia odorata Petrie
- Olearia paniculata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Druce
- Olearia rani (A.Cunn.) Druce
- Olpidium brassicae (Woronin) P.A. Dang. 1886
- Oospora pustulans M.N. Owen & Wakef. 1919
- Ophiobolus graminis (Sacc.) Sacc.
- Ophiobolus graminis var. avenae E.M. Turner 1940
- Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv.
- Oreomyrrhis colensoi Hook.f.
- Ornithopus sativus Brot.
- Orphium frutescens (L.) E.Mey.
- Osmanthus
- Ourisia crosbyi Cockayne
- Ourisia macrocarpa Hook.f.
- Ourisia macrophylla Hook.
- Ozothamnus leptophyllus (G.Forst.) Breit. & J.M.Ward
- Pachybasium hamatum (Bonord.) Sacc. 1885
- Pachystegia insignis (Hook.f.) Cheeseman
- Paeonia
- Panicum miliaceum L.
- Papaver nudicaule L.
- Papaver somniferum L.
- Parahebe catarractae (G.Forst.) W.R.B.Oliv.
- Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C.Nielsen
- Parietaria debilis G.Forst.
- Parsonsia capsularis × heterophylla
- Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch.
- Paspalum dilatatum Poir.
- Paspalum distichum L.
- Paspalum orbiculare G.Forst.
- Passalora graminis (Fuckel) Höhn. 1923
- Passiflora edulis Sims
- Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) L.H.Bailey
- Pastinaca sativa L.
- Pelargonium ×domesticum L.H.Bailey
- Pelargonium ×hortorum L.H.Bailey
- Pelargonium inodorum Willd.
- Pellicularia filamentosa (Pat.) D.P. Rogers 1943
- Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. 1881
- Penicillium expansum Link 1809
- Penicillium gladioli L. McCulloch & Thom 1928
- Penicillium italicum Wehmer 1894
- Peniophora sacrata G. Cunn. 1955
- Penstemon hartwegii Benth.
- Pentachondra pumila (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) R.Br.
- Pericallis ×hybrida B.Nord.
- Periconiella phormii M.B. Ellis 1967
- Peronospora alsinearum Casp. 1855
- Peronospora alta Fuckel 1863
- Peronospora antirrhini J. Schröt. 1874
- Peronospora calotheca de Bary 1858
- Peronospora conglomerata Fuckel 1863
- Peronospora destructor (Berk.) Fr. 1849
- Peronospora farinosa (Fr.) Fr. 1849
- Peronospora ficariae Tul. ex de Bary 1863
- Peronospora grisea (Unger) Unger 1847
- Peronospora manshurica (Naumov) Syd. ex Gäum. 1923
- Peronospora myosotidis de Bary 1863
- Peronospora obovata Bonord. 1860
- Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) Fr. 1849
- Peronospora rumicis Corda 1837
- Peronospora sparsa Berk. 1862
- Peronospora trifoliorum de Bary 1863
- Peronospora viciae (Berk.) Casp. 1855
- Persea americana Mill.
- Pestalotia brassicae Guba 1961
- Pestalotia funerea Desm. 1843
- Pestalotia guepinii Desm. 1840
- Pestalotia sydowiana Bres. 1895
- Pestalotiopsis funerea (Desm.) Steyaert 1949
- Pestalotiopsis maculans (Corda) Nag Raj 1985
- Pestalotiopsis sydowiana (Bres.) B. Sutton 1961
- Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W.Hill
- Petunia ×hybrida Vilm.
- Pezicula alba E.J. Guthrie 1959
- Pezicula malicorticis (H.S. Jacks.) Nannf. 1932
- Phacidium coniferarum (G.G. Hahn) DiCosmo, Nag Raj & W.B. Kendr. 1983
- Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (T. Rohde) Petr. 1938
- Phaeolus schweinitzii sensu Hood 1986
- Phaeoramularia eupatorii-odorati (J.M. Yen) X.J. Liu & Y.L. Guo 1982
- Phalaris aquatica L.
- Phalaris minor Retz.
- Phaseolus coccineus L.
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.
- Phebalium nudum Hook.
- Phebalium squameum Druce
- Phellinus gilvus (Schwein.) Pat. 1900
- Phellinus lloydii (Cleland) G. Cunn. 1965
- Phellinus robustus (P. Karst.) Bourdot & Galzin 1925
- Phellinus scruposus (Fr.) G. Cunn. 1965
- Phellinus senex (Nees & Mont.) Imazeki 1952
- Phellinus setulosus (Lloyd) Imazeki 1943
- Phellinus wahlbergii (Fr.) D.A. Reid 1975
- Phellinus zealandicus (Cooke) Teng 1963
- Phialophora cinerescens (Wollenw.) J.F.H. Beyma 1940 [1939-40]
- Phleum pratense L.
- Phloeospora crescentium (Barthol.) E.A. Riley 1952
- Phloeospora mori (Lév.) Sacc. 1884
- Phlox drummondii Hook.
- Phlox paniculata L.
- Phoenix canariensis Chabaud
- Pholiota adiposa (Batsch) P. Kumm. 1871
- Phoma apiicola Kleb. 1910
- Phoma citricarpa McAlpine 1899
- Phoma destructiva Plowr. 1881
- Phoma exigua Desm. 1849
- Phoma exigua Desm. 1849 var. exigua
- Phoma exigua var. foveata (Foister) Boerema 1967
- Phoma exigua var. linicola (Naumov & Vassiljevsky) J.L. Maas 1965
- Phoma flaccida Viala & Ravaz 1886
- Phoma foveata Foister 1940
- Phoma galegae Thüm. 1881 [1880-81]
- Phoma limitata (Peck) Boerema 1965 [1964]
- Phoma macrostoma Mont. 1849
- Phoma medicaginis Malbr. & Roum. 1886
- Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella (L.K. Jones) Boerema 1965
- Phoma narcissi (Aderh.) Boerema, Gruyter & Noordel. 1993
- Phoma pinodella (L.K. Jones) Morgan-Jones & Burch 1987
- Phoma pomorum Thüm. 1879 [1878]
- Phoma prunicola (Opiz) Wollenw. & Hochapfel 1936
- Phomatospora leptospermi Hansf. 1957
- Phomopsis cunninghamii Syd. 1924
- Phomopsis juniperivora G.G. Hahn 1920
- Phomopsis obscurans (Ellis & Everh.) B. Sutton 1965
- Phomopsis viticola (Sacc.) Sacc. 1915
- Phormium cookianum Le Jol.
- Phormium tenax J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Photinia glabra (Thunb.) Maxim.
- Phragmidium acaenae G. Cunn. 1924
- Phragmidium acuminatum G. Cunn. 1930
- Phragmidium constrictosporum G.F. Laundon 1976
- Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl. 1824
- Phragmidium novae-zelandiae G. Cunn. 1924
- Phragmidium rubi-idaei (DC.) P. Karst. 1879
- Phragmidium subsimile G. Cunn. 1924
- Phyllachora cladii-glomerati Hansf. 1957
- Phyllachora fuscescens (Speg.) Speg. 1883
- Phyllachora pastinacae Rostr. 1902
- Phyllachora punctum (Schwein.) Orton 1918
- Phyllachora punctum sensu Dingley 1969
- Phyllachora setariicola Speg. 1885
- Phyllachora sylvatica Sacc. & Speg. 1878
- Phyllocladus alpinus Hook.f.
- Phyllosticta eriobotryae Thüm.
- Phyllosticta magnoliae Shreem. 1974 [1973]
- Phyllosticta violae Desm. 1847
- Phymatosorus diversifolius (Willd.) Pic.Serm.
- Phymatosorus scandens (G.Forst.) Pic.Serm.
- Physalis peruviana L.
- Physalospora acaciae Hansf. 1954
- Physalospora miyabeana Fukushi 1921
- Physoderma alfalfae (Lagerh.) Karling 1950
- Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert & Cohn) J. Schröt. 1886 [1889]
- Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands 1922
- Phytophthora citricola Sawada 1927
- Phytophthora citrophthora (R.E. Sm. & E.H. Sm.) Leonian 1925
- Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. & Laff. 1919
- Phytophthora de Bary 1876 [1875]
- Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybr. 1913
- Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybr. 1913 var. erythroseptica
- Phytophthora fragariae Hickman 1940
- Phytophthora hibernalis Carne 1925
- Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary 1876 [1875]
- Phytophthora megasperma Drechsler 1931
- Phytophthora megasperma Drechsler 1931 var. megasperma
- Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan 1896
- Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica (Dastur) G.M. Waterh. 1963
- Phytophthora syringae (Kleb.) Kleb. 1909
- Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.
- Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière
- Picris echioides L.
- Pieris japonica (Thunb.) D.Don
- Pinus
- Pinus ×attenuradiata Stockw. & Righter
- Pinus attenuata Lemmon
- Pinus banksiana Lamb.
- Pinus canariensis C.Sm.
- Pinus contorta Loudon
- Pinus echinata Mill.
- Pinus elliottii Engelm.
- Pinus lambertiana Douglas
- Pinus muricata D.Don
- Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold
- Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. nigra
- Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poir.) Maire
- Pinus palustris Mill.
- Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham.
- Pinus pinaster Aiton
- Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C.Lawson
- Pinus radiata D.Don
- Pinus strobus L.
- Pinus sylvestris L.
- Pinus taeda L.
- Piptoporus portentosus (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
- Pisum sativum L.
- Pittosporum
- Pittosporum crassifolium A.Cunn.
- Pittosporum tenuifolium Gaertn.
- Placosoma nothopanacis Syd. 1924
- Plagianthus regius (Poit.) Hochr.
- Plantago lanceolata L.
- Plantago major L.
- Plantago spathulata Hook.f.
- Plantago triandra Berggr. subsp. triandra
- Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin 1877
- Plasmopara geranii (Peck) Berl. & De Toni 1888
- Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & De Toni 1888
- Platanus orientalis L.
- Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco
- Pleiochaeta setosa (Kirchn.) S. Hughes 1951
- Pleiospilos magnipunctatus (Haw.) Schwantes
- Plenodomus destruens Harter 1913
- Pleospora bjoerlingii Byford 1963
- Pleospora herbarum (Pers.) Rabenh. 1857
- Poa anceps G.Forst. subsp. anceps
- Poa annua L. 1753
- Poa cita Edgar
- Poa colensoi Hook.f.
- Poa foliosa (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
- Poa iridifolia Hauman
- Poa litorosa Cheeseman
- Poa palustris L.
- Poa pratensis L.
- Poa trivialis L.
- Podalyria
- Podocarpus acutifolius Kirk
- Podocarpus hallii Kirk
- Podocarpus totara D.Don
- Podosphaera clandestina (Wallr.) Lév. 1851
- Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E.S. Salmon 1900
- Podosphaera oxyacanthae (DC.) de Bary 1870
- Podosphaera oxyacanthae var. tridactyla (Wallr.) E.S. Salmon 1900
- Podosphaera tridactyla (Wallr.) de Bary 1870
- Polygonum
- Polygonum aviculare L.
- Polygonum hydropiper L.
- Polygonum persicaria L.
- Polygonum salicifolium Willd.
- Polyopeus purpureus var. versus sensu Brien 1934
- Polyopeus purpureus var. verus Horne
- Polyscytalum pustulans (M.N. Owen & Wakef.) M.B. Ellis 1976
- Pomaderris
- Pomaderris kumeraho A.Cunn.
- Pomaderris phylicifolia var. ericifolia (Hook.) L.B.Moore
- Pomaderris rugosa Cheeseman
- Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.
- Populus
- Populus ×canadensis Moench
- Populus nigra L.
- Populus tremula L.
- Poria undata (Pers.) Quél. 1888
- Poria undata sensu G. Cunn. 1947
- Portulaca oleracea L.
- Potebniamyces coniferarum (G.G. Hahn) Smerlis 1962
- Pratia angulata (G.Forst.) Hook.f.
- Pratia macrodon Hook.f.
- Primula ×polyantha Hort.
- Primula malacoides Franch.
- Prostanthera
- Prostanthera ovalifolia R.Br.
- Prostanthera rotundifolia R.Br.
- Protea
- Protea compacta R.Br.
- Prumnopitys ferruginea (D.Don) de Laub.
- Prumnopitys taxifolia (D.Don) de Laub.
- Prunus ×domestica L.
- Prunus armeniaca L.
- Prunus avium L.
- Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.
- Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb
- Prunus lusitanica L.
- Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc.
- Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
- Prunus persica var. nucipersica (Suckow) C.K.Schneid.
- Prunus salicina Lindl.
- Prunus yedoensis Matsum.
- Pseudocercospora aristoteliae (Cooke) Deighton 1976
- Pseudocercospora atromarginalis (G.F. Atk.) Deighton 1976
- Pseudocercospora handelii (Bubák) Deighton 1987
- Pseudocercosporella capsellae (Ellis & Everh.) Deighton 1973
- Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum (L.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Pseudopanax arboreus (Murray) Philipson
- Pseudopanax colensoi (Hook.f.) Philipson
- Pseudopanax crassifolius (A.Cunn.) K.Koch
- Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Rostovzev 1903
- Pseudopeziza jonesii Nannf. 1932
- Pseudopeziza medicaginis (Lib.) Sacc. 1887
- Pseudopeziza ribis Kleb. 1906
- Pseudopeziza trifolii (Biv.) Fuckel 1870 [1869-70]
- Pseudoseptoria bromigena (Sacc.) B. Sutton 1980
- Pseudoseptoria stomaticola (Bäumler) B. Sutton 1980
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco
- Pseudowintera axillaris (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Dandy
- Pseudowintera colorata (Raoul) Dandy
- Psoralea
- Psychrophila novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) W.A.Weber
- Psychrophila obtusa (Cheeseman) W.A.Weber
- Pteridium esculentum (G.Forst.) Cockayne
- Puccinellia stricta (Hook.f.) Blom
- Puccinia akiraho G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia alboclava G.T.S. Baylis 1954
- Puccinia allii F. Rudolphi 1829
- Puccinia anisotomes G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia antirrhini Dietel & Holw. 1897
- Puccinia aorangi G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia arenariae (Schumach.) G. Winter 1880
- Puccinia arnaudensis G. Cunn. 1928
- Puccinia asparagi DC. 1805
- Puccinia atkinsonii G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia aucta Berk. & F. Muell. 1872 [1873]
- Puccinia brachypodii var. poae-nemoralis (G.H. Otth) Cummins & H.C. Greene 1966
- Puccinia calcitrapae DC. 1805
- Puccinia calcitrapae DC. 1805 var. calcitrapae
- Puccinia caricina DC. 1815
- Puccinia celmisiae G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia chrysanthemi Roze 1900
- Puccinia clavata P. Syd. & Syd. 1903 [1904]
- Puccinia cockaynei G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia contegens G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia coprosmae Cooke 1890
- Puccinia coronata Corda 1837
- Puccinia crinitae McNabb 1962
- Puccinia cruciferarum subsp. inornata (G. Cunn.) J. Walker 1983
- Puccinia cuniculi G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia cyani Pass. 1874
- Puccinia cynodontis Lacroix 1859
- Puccinia dichondrae Mont. 1852
- Puccinia egmontensis G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia euphrasiana G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia flavescens McAlpine 1903
- Puccinia fodiens G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia foyana G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia gei McAlpine 1895
- Puccinia gei-parviflori McNabb 1966
- Puccinia geranii-pilosi McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia gnaphaliicola Henn. 1899
- Puccinia grahamii G. Cunn. 1928
- Puccinia graminis Pers. 1794
- Puccinia hectorensis G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia hederaceae McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia hieracii (Röhl.) H. Mart. 1817
- Puccinia hieracii (Röhl.) H. Mart. 1817 var. hieracii
- Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis (Oudem.) Jørst. 1936
- Puccinia hordei G.H. Otth 1871 [1870]
- Puccinia horiana Henn. 1901
- Puccinia hydrocotyles Cooke 1880
- Puccinia inornata G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia iridis Wallr. 1844
- Puccinia junciphila Cooke & Massee 1893
- Puccinia keae G. Cunn. 1928
- Puccinia kinseyi G. Cunn. 1928
- Puccinia kirkii G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia koherika G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia kopoti G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia lagenophorae Cooke 1884
- Puccinia lapsanae Fuckel 1860
- Puccinia liberta F. Kern 1919
- Puccinia malvacearum Bertero ex Mont. 1852
- Puccinia mania G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia maurea G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia menthae sensu G. Cunn. 1923 var. menthae
- Puccinia menthae var. pseudomenthae (G. Cunn.) J.W. Baxter 1961 [1960]
- Puccinia morrisonii McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia moschata G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia namua G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia novae-zelandiae G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia novozelandica Bubák 1901
- Puccinia obtegens (Link) Tul. 1854
- Puccinia paspalina Cummins 1945
- Puccinia pedatissima G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis Doidge 1926
- Puccinia perlaevis G. Cunn. 1928
- Puccinia plagianthi McAlpine 1895 [1894]
- Puccinia poae-nemoralis G.H. Otth 1871 [1870]
- Puccinia polygoni-amphibii Pers. 1801
- Puccinia pounamu G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia pulverulenta Grev. 1824
- Puccinia punctata Link 1816 [1813]
- Puccinia punctiformis (F. Strauss) Röhl. 1813
- Puccinia rautahi G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia recondita Desm. 1857
- Puccinia reidii G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia rhei-undulati Hirats. f. 1935
- Puccinia ruizensis Mayor 1913
- Puccinia schoenus (G. Cunn.) G.Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia scirpi DC. 1805
- Puccinia sorghi Schwein. 1832
- Puccinia tararua G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia tekapo McNabb 1962
- Puccinia tenuispora McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia thuemenii McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia tiritea G. Cunn. 1923
- Puccinia toa G. Cunn. 1930
- Puccinia unciniarum Dietel & Neger 1896
- Puccinia variabilis var. lapsanae (Fuckel) Cummins 1977
- Puccinia vittadiniae McAlpine 1906
- Puccinia wahlenbergiae G. Cunn. 1924
- Puccinia whakatipu G. Cunn. 1924
- Pucciniastrum epilobii (Pers.) G.H. Otth 1862 [1861]
- Pucciniastrum pustulatum (Pers.) Dietel 1897
- Pycnoporus coccineus (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer 1941
- Pycnostysanus azaleae (Peck) E.W. Mason 1941
- Pyrenochaeta terrestris (H.N. Hansen) Gorenz, J.C. Walker & Larson 1948
- Pyrenopeziza brassicae B. Sutton & Rawl. 1979 [1978]
- Pyrenophora chaetomioides Speg. 1899
- Pyrenophora graminea S. Ito & Kurib. 1930
- Pyrenophora lolii Dovaston 1948
- Pyrenophora teres Drechsler 1923
- Pyricularia grisea Sacc. 1880
- Pyrus communis L.
- Pythium debaryanum R. Hesse 1874
- Pythium debaryanum sensu auct. non R. Hesse
- Pythium Pringsh. 1858
- Pythium sp.
- Pythium ultimum Trow 1901
- Pythium undulatum H.E. Petersen 1909
- Quercus robur L.
- Quercus suber L.
- Quintinia serrata A.Cunn.
- Racosperma baileyanum (F.Muell.) Pedley
- Racosperma dealbatum (Link) Pedley
- Racosperma decurrens (Willd.) Pedley
- Racosperma melanoxylon (R.Br.) Mart.
- Racosperma paradoxum (DC.) Mart.
- Racosperma pravissimum (Benth.) Pedley
- Racosperma riceanum (Hensl.) Pedley
- Racosperma verticillatum (L'Hér.) Mart.
- Ramularia centranthi Brunaud 1887
- Ramularia deusta (Fuckel) Karak. 1937
- Ramularia deusta (Fuckel) Karak. 1937 var. deusta
- Ramularia holci-lanati (Cavara) Deighton 1972
- Ramularia pastinacae (P. Karst.) Lindr. & Vestergr. 1902
- Ramularia picridis Fautrey & Roum. 1892
- Ramularia primulae Thüm. 1878
- Ramularia pusilla Unger 1833
- Ramularia rhabdospora (Berk. & Broome) Nannf. 1950
- Ramularia rubella (Bonord.) Nannf. 1950
- Ramularia sphaeroidea Sacc. 1878
- Ramularia taraxaci P. Karst. 1884
- Ramularia valerianae var. centranthi (Brunaud) U. Braun 1998
- Ramulaspera holci-lanati (Cavara) Lindau 1905 [1907]
- Ranunculus asiaticus L.
- Ranunculus brevis Garn.-Jones
- Ranunculus enysii Kirk
- Ranunculus insignis Hook.f.
- Ranunculus lyallii Hook.f.
- Ranunculus multiscapus Hook.f.
- Ranunculus nivicola Hook.f.
- Ranunculus pachyrrhizus Hook.f.
- Ranunculus repens L.
- Ranunculus verticillatus Kirk
- Raphanus sativus L.
- Raukaua simplex (G.Forst.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads var. simplex
- Raukaua simplex var. sinclairii (Hook.f.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads
- Rhagadolobium bakerianum Sacc. 1916
- Rhagadolobium Henn. & Lindau 1896
- Rhaphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl.
- Rheum rhabarbarum L.
- Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill. 1902
- Rhizosphaera pini (Corda) Maubl. 1907
- Rhizosphaera pini sensu auct. NZ
- Rhododendron
- Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet
- Rhopalostylis sapida H.Wendl. & Drude
- Rhynchosphaeria cupressi Nattras, C. Booth & B. Sutton 1963
- Rhynchosporium orthosporum Caldwell 1937
- Rhynchosporium secalis (Oudem.) Davis 1919
- Ribes nigrum L.
- Ribes rubrum L.
- Ribes sanguineum Pursh
- Ribes uva-crispa L.
- Rigidoporus aureofulvus (Lloyd) P.K. Buchanan & Ryvarden 1988
- Ripogonum scandens J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Robinia pseudoacacia L.
- Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser
- Rosa
- Rosa rubiginosa L.
- Rosellinia necatrix Berl. ex Prill. 1904
- Rosellinia radiciperda Massee 1896
- Rubus australis G.Forst.
- Rubus cissoides A.Cunn.
- Rubus fruticosus L.
- Rubus idaeus L.
- Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim.
- Rubus schmidelioides A.Cunn.
- Rubus squarrosus Fritsch
- Rumex crispus L.
- Rumex flexuosus Sol. ex G.Forst.
- Rumex neglectus Kirk
- Rumex obtusifolius L.
- Rytidosperma
- Rytidosperma buchananii (Hook.f.) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma clavatum (Zotov) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma gracile (Hook.f.) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma maculatum (Zotov) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma penicillatum (Labill.) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma pumilum (Kirk) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma racemosum (R.Br.) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma setifolium (Hook.f.) Connor & Edgar
- Rytidosperma thomsonii (Buchanan) Connor & Edgar
- Sagina apetala Ard.
- Saintpaulia ionantha H.Wendl.
- Salix
- Salix ×reichardtii A.Kern.
- Salix alba var. vitellina (L.) Stokes
- Salix babylonica L.
- Salix fragilis L.
- Salvia officinalis L.
- Sambucus nigra L.
- Sarcocornia quinqueflora (Ung.-Sternb.) A.J.Scott
- Scabiosa atropurpurea L.
- Scandia geniculata (G.Forst.) J.W.Dawson
- Scandia rosifolia (Hook.) J.W.Dawson
- Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub
- Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P.Baeuv.
- Schefflera digitata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Schizeilema trifoliolatum (Hook.f.) Domin
- Schizophyllum commune Fr. 1815
- Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Palla
- Schoenus carsei Cheeseman
- Schoenus maschalinus Roem. & Schult.
- Schoenus nitens var. concinnus (Hook.f.) Cheeseman
- Schoenus pauciflorus (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
- Scirrhia pini A. Funk & A.K. Parker 1966
- Sclerophthora macrospora (Sacc.) Thirum., C.G. Shaw & Naras. 1953
- Sclerophthora Thirum., C.G. Shaw & Naras. 1953
- Sclerospora J. Schröt. 1879
- Sclerospora macrospora Sacc. 1890
- Sclerotinia draytonii Buddin & Wakef. 1946
- Sclerotinia fructicola (G. Winter) Rehm 1906
- Sclerotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Fuckel 1870
- Sclerotinia gladioli Drayton 1934
- Sclerotinia minor Jagger 1920
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary 1884
- Sclerotinia spermophila Noble 1948
- Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. 1880
- Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. 1841
- Scoleciasis atkinsonii Syd. 1924
- Secale cereale L.
- Seiridium cardinale (W.W. Wagener) B. Sutton & I.A.S. Gibson 1972
- Selenophoma donacis (Pass.) R. Sprague & Aar.G. Johnson 1940
- Selliera radicans Cav.
- Senecio aquaticus Hill
- Senecio lautus Willd.
- Senecio minimus Poir.
- Senecio vulgaris L.
- Septoria antirrhini Desm. 1853
- Septoria apiicola Speg. 1888
- Septoria azaleae Voglino 1899
- Septoria bromi Sacc. 1878
- Septoria cerastii Desm. 1849
- Septoria chrysanthemella Sacc. 1895
- Septoria citri Pass. 1876
- Septoria colensoi Cooke 1886
- Septoria convolvuli Desm. 1842
- Septoria cucurbitacearum Sacc. 1876
- Septoria cunninghamii Syd. 1924
- Septoria dianthi Desm. 1849
- Septoria drummondii Ellis & Everh. 1892
- Septoria exotica sensu auct.
- Septoria fuchsiicola P. Syd. 1899
- Septoria gerberae Syd. & P. Syd. 1912
- Septoria gladioli Pass. 1875
- Septoria graminum sensu G. Cunn. 1927
- Septoria henriquesii Thüm. 1880 [1879-80]
- Septoria lactucae Pass. 1878
- Septoria lycopersici Speg. 1882
- Septoria myopori Cooke & Massee 1888
- Septoria paeoniae Westend. 1852
- Septoria passifloricola Punith. 1980
- Septoria perforans McAlpine 1903
- Septoria petroselini (Lib.) Desm. 1843 [1842]
- Septoria phlogis Sacc. & Speg. 1878
- Septoria pisi Westend. 1857
- Septoria polygonorum Desm. 1842
- Septoria rubi Westend. 1854
- Septoria Sacc. 1884
- Septoria scabiosicola (Desm.) Desm. 1853
- Septoria sisymbrii Ellis 1882
- Septoria stellariae Desm. 1847
- Septoria tritici Desm. 1842
- Septoria tritici var. loliicola R. Sprague & Aar.G. Johnson 1944
- Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Endl.
- Setosphaeria turcica (Luttr.) K.J. Leonard & Suggs 1974
- Sherardia arvensis L.
- Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.
- Sinapis arvensis L.
- Sisymbrium altissimum L.
- Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.
- Solanum
- Solanum aviculare G.Forst.
- Solanum laciniatum Aiton
- Solanum melongena L.
- Solanum nigrum L.
- Solanum physalifolium Rusby
- Solanum simile F.Muell.
- Solanum tuberosum L.
- Soliva sessilis Ruíz & Pav.
- Sonchus asper (L.) Hill
- Sonchus oleraceus L.
- Sophora microphylla Aiton
- Sophora prostrata Buchanan
- Sophora tetraptera J.S.Mill.
- Sorbus aucuparia L.
- Sorosphaera veronicae (J. Schröt.) J. Schröt. 1886 [1889]
- Sorosporium neillii G. Cunn. 1924
- Sorosporium piluliforme (Berk.) McAlpine 1910
- Sorosporium solidum (Berk.) McAlpine 1910
- Spergula arvensis L.
- Spermospora bromivora (Latch) Deighton 1970
- Spermospora ciliata (R. Sprague) Deighton 1968
- Spermospora lolii MacGarvie & O'Rourke 1969
- Spermospora subulata (R. Sprague) R. Sprague 1948
- Sphaceloma de Bary 1874
- Sphaceloma murrayae Jenkins & Grodz. 1943
- Sphaceloma populi (Sacc.) Jenkins 1932
- Sphaceloma psidii Bitanc. & Jenkins 1950
- Sphaceloma sp.
- Sphaceloma violae Jenkins 1935
- Sphacelotheca hydropiperis sensu auct. NZ
- Sphacelotheca panici-leucophaei sensu Brien 1942
- Sphacelotheca reiliana (J.G. Kühn) G.P. Clinton 1902
- Sphaerodothis calospora Syd. 1924
- Sphaerodothis danthoniae (McAlpine) J. Walker & S.M. Francis 1977
- Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton 1980
- Sphaerotheca aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun 1982
- Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schltdl.) Pollacci 1905
- Sphaerotheca macularis sensu auct. NZ
- Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr.) Lév. 1851
- Sphaerotheca verbenae Săvul. & Negru 1953
- Sphaerulina trifolii Rostr. 1899
- Spilocaea eriobotryae (Cavara) S. Hughes 1953
- Spilocaea oleaginea (Castagne) S. Hughes 1953
- Spinacia oleracea L.
- Spinifex sericeus R.Br.
- Spongospora subterranea (Wallr.) Lagerh. 1891
- Sporisorium destruens (Schltdl.) Vánky 1985
- Sporisorium reilianum (J.G. Kühn) Langdon & Full. 1978
- Sporobolus africanus (Poir.) A.Robyns & Tournay
- Stagonospora curtisii (Berk.) Sacc. 1884
- Stagonospora hortensis (Sacc. & Malbr.) Sacc. 1884
- Stagonosporopsis aquilegiae (Rabenh.) Boerema, Gruyter & Noordel. 1997
- Stagonosporopsis hortensis (Sacc. & Malbr.) Petr. 1921
- Stellaria media (L.) Cirillo
- Stellaria parviflora Hook.f.
- Stenocarpella maydis (Berk.) B. Sutton 1980
- Stereum purpureum Pers. 1794
- Stereum sanguinolentum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1838
- Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim.
- Sticherus cunninghamii (Hook.) Ching
- Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis 1959
- Stilbocarpa polaris (Hombr. & Jacquinot) A.Gray
- Stromatinia gladioli (Drayton) Whetzel 1945
- Synchytrium australe Speg. 1881
- Synchytrium taraxaci de Bary & Woronin 1864
- Syringa vulgaris L. 1753
- Tagetes erecta L.
- Tapesia yallundae Wallwork & Spooner 1988
- Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. 1866
- Taphrina populina (Fr.) Fr. 1832
- Taphrina pruni (Fuckel) Tul. 1866
- Taphrina wiesneri (Ráthay) Mix 1954
- Taraxacum officinale G.Weber
- Taxus baccata L.
- Tecoma capensis
- Tecomanthe speciosa W.R.B.Oliv.
- Tecomaria capensis (Thunb.) Spach
- Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk 1956
- Thelephora terrestris Fr. 1821
- Thelymitra longifolia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Thelymitra pulchella Hook.f.
- Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris 1912
- Thryptomene calycina (Lindl.) Stapf
- Thuja occidentalis L.
- Thuja plicata D.Don
- Tilletia anthoxanthi A. Blytt 1896
- Tilletia bromi (Brockm.) Brockm. 1864
- Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul. 1847
- Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro 1920
- Tilletia fusca Ellis & Everh. ex Sacc. 1888
- Tilletia holci (Westend.) J. Schröt. 1877
- Tilletia inolens McAlpine 1896
- Tilletia laevis J.G. Kühn 1873
- Tilletia sphaerococca (Wallr.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh. 1867
- Tolyposporium littorale G. Cunn. 1926
- Trabutia nothofagi Syd. 1924
- Tragopogon porrifolius L.
- Tragopogon pratensis L.
- Trametes versicolor (L.) Pilát 1939
- Tranzschelia discolor (Fuckel) Tranzschel & M.A. Litv. 1939
- Traversia baccharoides Hook.f.
- Trichoderma polysporum (Link) Rifai 1969
- Trichometasphaeria turcica Luttr. 1958
- Trichopeltheca asiatica Bat., C.A.A. Costa & Cif. 1957
- Trichothecium roseum (Pers.) Link 1809
- Trifolium dubium Sibth.
- Trifolium fragiferum L.
- Trifolium hybridum L.
- Trifolium incarnatum L.
- Trifolium ornithopodioides L.
- Trifolium pratense L.
- Trifolium repens L.
- Trifolium subterraneum L.
- Trifolium suffocatum L.
- Triticum aestivum L.
- Tropaeolum majus L.
- Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.
- Tulipa
- Ulex europaeus L.
- Ulmus ×hollandica Mill.
- Ulmus ×vegeta (Loudon) Lindl.
- Ulmus americana L.
- Ulocladium cucurbitae (Letendre & Roum.) E.G. Simmons 1982
- Uncinia banksii Boott
- Uncinia divaricata Boott
- Uncinia egmontiana Hamlin
- Uncinia involuta Hamlin
- Uncinia leptostachya Raoul
- Uncinia rubra Boott
- Uncinia scabra Boott
- Uncinia uncinata (L.f.) Kük.
- Uncinula australiana McAlpine 1899
- Uncinula necator (Schwein.) Burrill 1892
- Uncinuliella australiana (McAlpine) R.Y. Zheng & G.Q. Chen 1982
- Uredo brownii Syd. & P. Syd. 1907
- Uredo cheesemanii G. Cunn. 1928
- Uredo dianellae Dietel 1898
- Uredo forsterae G. Cunn. 1924
- Uredo fuchsiae (Cooke) Henn. 1903
- Uredo histiopteridis (G. Cunn.) Hirats. f. 1957
- Uredo horopito G. Cunn. 1945
- Uredo inflata Cooke 1890
- Uredo karetu G. Cunn. 1924
- Uredo lindsaeae Henn. 1904
- Uredo oleariae Cooke 1890
- Uredo phormii G. Cunn. 1924
- Uredo puawhananga G.T.S. Baylis 1954
- Uredo rhagodiae Cooke & Massee 1887
- Uredo salicorniae G. Cunn. 1930
- Uredo scirpi-nodosi McAlpine 1906
- Uredo spyridii Cooke & Massee 1887
- Uredo toetoe G. Cunn. 1924
- Uredo tupare G. Cunn. 1924
- Uredo wharanui G. Cunn. 1924
- Urocystis agropyri (Preuss) A.A. Fisch. Waldh. 1867
- Urocystis anemones (Pers.) G. Winter 1880
- Urocystis magica Pass. 1875
- Urocystis novae-zelandiae (G. Cunn.) Zundel 1953
- Urocystis ranunculi (Lib.) Moesz 1950
- Uromyces anthyllidis J. Schröt. 1875
- Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger 1836
- Uromyces armeriae J. Kickx f. 1867
- Uromyces azorellae Cooke 1890
- Uromyces betae J. Kickx f. 1867
- Uromyces bidenticola Arthur 1934
- Uromyces bidentis Lagerh. 1895
- Uromyces dactylidis G.H. Otth 1862 [1861]
- Uromyces danthoniae McAlpine 1906
- Uromyces dianthi (Pers.) Niessl 1872 [1871]
- Uromyces discariae G. Cunn. 1923
- Uromyces edwardsiae G. Cunn. 1924
- Uromyces ehrhartae McAlpine 1906
- Uromyces mcnabbii Cummins 1971
- Uromyces microtidis Cooke 1885
- Uromyces muscari (Duby) Lév. 1847
- Uromyces nerviphilus (Grognot) Hotson 1925
- Uromyces otakou G. Cunn. 1923
- Uromyces polygoni-avicularis (Pers.) P. Karst. 1879
- Uromyces scaevolae G. Cunn. 1930
- Uromyces sellierae G. Cunn. 1930
- Uromyces striatus J. Schröt. 1871 [1869]
- Uromyces striatus J. Schröt. 1871 [1869] var. striatus
- Uromyces tenuicutis McAlpine 1906
- Uromyces thelymitrae McAlpine 1906
- Uromyces trifolii (R. Hedw.) Fuckel 1870 [1869-70]
- Uromyces trifolii-repentis Liro 1906
- Uromyces trifolii-repentis Liro 1906 var. trifolii-repentis
- Uromyces trifolii-repentis var. fallens (Arthur) Cummins 1977
- Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers.) J. Schröt. 1875
- Uromyces waipoua McNabb 1966
- Uromycladium acaciae (Cooke) P. Syd. & Syd. 1914 [1915]
- Uromycladium notabile McAlpine 1905
- Uromycladium robinsonii McAlpine 1905
- Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) McAlpine 1905
- Urtica aspera Petrie
- Urtica linearifolia (Hook.f.) Cockayne
- Ustilago agropyri McAlpine 1896
- Ustilago anomala sensu auct. NZ
- Ustilago asprellae G. Cunn. 1930
- Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr. 1890
- Ustilago bromivora (Tul. & C. Tul.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh. 1867
- Ustilago bullata Berk. 1855
- Ustilago comburens F. Ludw. 1893
- Ustilago cynodontis (Henn.) Henn. 1893
- Ustilago duriaeana Tul. & C. Tul.
- Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh. 1889
- Ustilago hypodytes (Schltdl.) Fr. 1832
- Ustilago longissima (Sowerby) Meyen 1841
- Ustilago nuda (J.L. Jensen) Kellerm. & Swingle 1890
- Ustilago spinificis F. Ludw. 1893
- Ustilago striiformis (Westend.) Niessl 1876
- Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr. 1890
- Ustilago violacea sensu auct. NZ
- Valsa leucostoma (Pers.) Fr. 1849
- Valsa sordida Nitschke 1870
- Vascellum pratense (Pers.) Kreisel 1962
- Venturia carpophila E.E. Fisher 1961
- Venturia cerasi Aderh. 1900
- Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter 1875
- Venturia pyrina Aderh. 1896
- Venturia rumicis (Desm.) G. Winter 1885 [1887]
- Verbena ×hybrida Groenl. & Rümpler
- Veronica arvensis L.
- Veronica persica Poir.
- Veronica plebeia R.Br.
- Verticillium alboatrum Reinke & Berthold 1879
- Verticillium cinerescens Wollenw. 1930
- Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
- Vestergrenia leucopogonis Hansf. 1957
- Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.
- Viburnum lantana L.
- Vicia
- Vicia faba L.
- Vicia sativa L.
- Vicia sativa var. angustifolia L.
- Viola ×wittrockiana Gams
- Viola cunninghamii Hook.f.
- Viola lyallii Hook.f.
- Viola odorata L.
- Vitex lucens Kirk
- Vitis vinifera L.
- Vittadinia australis A.Rich.
- Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray
- Wahlenbergia albomarginata Hook.
- Weigela florida (Bunge) A.DC.
- Weinmannia racemosa L.f.
- Weinmannia silvicola A.Cunn.
- Wilsonomyces carpophilus (Lév.) Adas., J.M. Ogawa & E.E. Butler 1990
- Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC.
- Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng.
- Zea mays L.
- Zinnia elegans Jacq.
Metadata
1cb0df28-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
reference
Names_Fungi
17 May 2001
