Hosts : Galium umbrosum Sol. On leaves and stems. Herb. No. 745. II, III. Dunstan Mountains (Otago), 600 m., A. H.. Cockayne ! 6 Feb., 1921. II, III. Sandhills, Levin (Wellington), 16m., E. H. Atkinson ! G. H. C. 12 Oct., 1922. Asperula perpusilla Hook. f. Herb. No. 746. I. Glenorchy (Otago), 400 in., W.D. Reid ! 15 Dec., 1921. Otira . Railway-station - (Canterbury), W. Martin! 10 Feb., 1922. Ben Lomond spur (Otago), W. D. Reid ! 31 Mar., 1921.

0. Spermogones epiphyllous, sparse, in small groups, honey-coloured.
I. Aecidia hypophyllous, in small groups, or scattered, seated on pallid spots, orange-yellow. Peridia cupulate, 0.25 mm. diam., margins short, erect, or somewhat recurved, finely laciniate, white. Spores globose or elliptical, 16-24 X 16-22 mmm.; epispore hyaline, densely and minutely verruculose, 1 mmm. thick, cell-contents orange-yellow.
II. Uredosori amphigenous, chiefly hypophyllous, and caulicolous, on leaves scattered, orbicular, 0.5-1 mm. diam., on stems elliptical, up to 2 mm. long, cinnamon - brown, pulverulent, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis. Spores elliptical, obovate or subglobose, 22-28 X 18-22 mmm.; epispore pallid cinnamon-brown, sparsely and moderately echinulate, 1.5 mmm. thick, cell-contents vacuolate, cinnamon; germ-pores 2, super-equatorial, conspicuous.
III. Teleutosori hypophyllous and caulicolous, minute, orbicular, 0.25-1 mm. diam., chocolate-brown, pulvinate, semi-compact, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis. Spores clavate, less commonly elliptical, 35-50 X 15-22 mmm.; apex rounded, seldom acuminate, thickened up to 14 mmm.; base attenuate, lower cell narrower and lighter in colour than the upper; slightly constricted at the septum; epispore smooth, golden-brown, 2 mmm. thick in upper cell, 1.5 mmm. in lower; pedicel persistent, hyaline, tinted at the apex, up to 40 X 10 mmm.; germ-pore of the upper cell apical, conspicuous, basal pore immediately beneath the septum, obscure.
X. Mesospores common, obovate or elliptical, 25-35 mmm. long.

Distribution: Europe; Siberia; North America; Chile.

Both hosts are endemic and common throughout. Cheeseman (1906: p. 267) states that Asperula perpusilla would almost be better placed in Galium, as the corolla-tube (the only character upon which the genus is separated from Galium) is much shorter than is usual in this genus.
Several species are recorded as occurring on Galium in Europe. Of these, P. difformis K. et S. differs in the uredosori being absent; P. Valantiae Pers. in both aecidia and uredosori being absent; and P. Celakovskyana Bubak in the absence of aecidia. P. Asperulae-odoratae Wurth is separated, as it occurs on Asperula. and is unable to infect Galium; morphologically it is practically identical with P. punctata, so that I can see no valid reason for maintaining it other than as a biological form of this latter species.
In Australia McAlpine (1906, pp.. 91 and 165) records two rusts, Uromyces Asperulae McAlp. and Puccinia Oliganthae McAlp., as occurring on Asperula. The latter species closely resembles P. punctata, but differs in the more acuminate and narrower teleutospore.
In our form the aecidia differ slightly from the European in being amphigenous and caulicolous, but, as the peridial and spore characters are identical, I have thought it better to maintain all spore forms under the one name.