Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
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Verticillium dahliae Kleb., Mycol. Centralbl. 3 66 (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Biostatus
Nomenclature
Kleb.
Kleb.
1913
66
ICN
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
species
Verticillium dahliae
Epitype designated UC 1953893, with ex-epitype cultures CBS 130341 and NRRL 54785
Classification
Subordinates
Associations
has host
isolated from
isolated from
has host
Descriptions
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Of the 63 hosts listed for the vascular infecting fungus, Verticillium dahliae, only five are indigenous to New Zealand; the introduced species include cultigens and common weeds. It has been recorded only on indigenous plants in cultivation. Chamberlain and Brien (1933) first recorded Verticillium dahliae from New Zealand from tomatoes. Smith (1951b) showed that within the past 10 years Verticillium wilt has been found in all important fruit-growing areas in New Zealand, infecting tomatoes, apricots, gooseberries, and strawberries. He stated that in gooseberries it is especially common in Central Otago and Nelson. For control, Jacks (1948) and Smith (1951b) recommended soil sterilisation with steam, formalin, or chloropicrin. Smith (1951b) noted that intercropping with susceptible orchard crops should be avoided and care should be taken to eliminate alternate weed hosts from crops either by clean cultivation or by cropping with cereals, grasses, and clovers. He suggested that heavily infected areas should be sown down in grass for two to three years. Thomson and McLeod (1959) recorded an outbreak in 1944 of V. dahliae in the tobacco crops in Motueka and stated it to be potentially the most serious disease of this crop in New Zealand. McLeod and Thomson (1959) described a field resistance to Verticillium in the varieties ‘Arnarello’, ‘Ti 448A’, and ‘Ky 34’. Smith (1965) stated that V. dahliae causes economic losses in tomatoes, tobacco, eggplant, strawberries, gooseberries, apricots, and roses, particularly in the northern districts in New Zealand and in summer in southern areas.
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Type: Radicicolous Fungi; Description: Colonies on agar white, floccose, reverse becoming black with formation of microsclerotia which are elongate, 50–200 × 15–50 μm, dark brown to black. Conidiophores erect, with several verticillate whorls of 3–4 phialides, hyaline; phialides 16–35 μm long. Conidia ellipsoidal to cylindrical, 0-septate, 3–6 × 2.5–4 μm, hyaline.
Distribution: Northland, Auckland, Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Taranaki, Wanganui, Wellington, Gisborne, Hawkes Bay, Nelson, Marlborough, Mid Canterbury.; 1st Record: Chamberlain & Brien (1933).
Significance: A very common causal agent of wilt diseases in many crop plants, especially tomatoes and potatoes, but of less importance in fruit tree crops (Atkinson 1971). It is of no significance in forestry.; Host(s): Abutilon sp., Acacia pravissima, Acer palmatum, A. pseudoplatanus, Actinidia deliciosa, Aesculus hippocastanum, Alectryon excelsus, Boronia megastigma, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, Cotinus coggygria, Crinodendron sp., Cydonia oblonga, Cyphomandra sp., Cytisus scoparius, Dodonaea viscosa, Fuchsia ×hybrida, Hoheria populnea, Jasminum sp., Lagunaria patersonii, Lonicera nitida, Luculia gratissima, Malus ×domestica, Olearia paniculata, Osmanthus sp., Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Persea americana, Phebalium squameum, Pittosporum crassifolium, Prostanthera ovalifolia, P. rotundifolia, Protea compacta, Prunus armeniaca, P. dulcis, P. persica, P. salicina, Pseudopanax laetus, Pyrus pyrifolia, Ribes sanguineum, R. uva-crispa var. sativum, Rosa sp., Rubus fruticosus agg., R. idaeus, Rubus × (hybrid berry), Schinus terebinthifolius, Solanum aviculare, Tilia sp., Vitis rupestris.
Taxonomic concepts
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. 1913
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (1913)
Global name resources
Collections
Notes
typification
Epitype designated UC 1953893, with ex-epitype cultures CBS 130341 and NRRL 54785
Metadata
1cb1ab7d-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
scientific name
Names_Fungi
15 June 2000