Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. 1846

Details

Name scientific

Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., 3e Sér. 5 151 (1846)

Preferred name

Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. 1846

Biostatus

Origin

Occurrence

Georegion

Schema

Biostatus source

Comment

Indigenous, non-endemic

Present

New Zealand

Political Region

Anon

There are several geographically restricted H. rubigionosa-like species (Miettinen et al. 2019), the diversity in NZ needs study.

Nomenclature

Combination authors

Lév.

Original authors

Dicks.

Authors

(Dicks.) Lév.

Publication place

Léveillé, J.H. 1846: Description des champignons de l'Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, 3e Série 5: 111-167, 249-304.

Year published

1846

Publication page

151

Sanctioning author

Fr.

Nomenclatural code

ICN

Basionym

Helvella rubiginosa Dicks. 1785

Taxonomic rank

species

Canonical form

Hymenochaete rubiginosa

Classification

Kingdom

Fungi

Phylum

Basidiomycota

Class

Agaricomycetes

Order

Hymenochaetales

Family

Hymenochaetaceae

Genus

Hymenochaete

Species

rubiginosa

Vernacular names

Language of use: English

Oak Curtain Crust

Synonyms

Associations

View full associations record

Association type

Associated organism

Association source

has host

Crataegus

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb.

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pinus

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Podocarpus ferrugineus D.Don 1832

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Podocarpus spicatus R.Br. ex Mirb. 1825

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Quercus robur L.

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

Descriptions

Cooke, M.C. 1879: New Zealand fungi. Grevillea 8(46): 54-68.

Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. 1846

Collections Examined

On bark. Wellington (Travers. 370).

Cunningham, G.H. 1963: The Thelephoraceae of Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin. 145.

Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. 1846

Collections Examined

CONIFERAE. Dacrydium cupressinum: Auckland, Moumoukai Valley, Hunua Ranges, 300 m. Otago, Half-moon Bay, Stewart Island. Podocarpus ferrugineus: Auckland, Waipoua Kauri Forest. Podocarpus spicatus: Otago, Upper Hollyford River, 200 m.

Description

Hymenophore pileate or umbonate-sessile, sometimes reviving a second season, coriaceous, rigid, loosely attached, appearing as effused-reflexed or orbicular colonies 5-25 mm diameter, often laterally merged to form linear areas which may extend to 15 cm. Pilei effused-reflexed with broad resupinate areas and narrow reflexed margins to 10 mm wide, when resupinate disciform with free margins; pileus surface delicately tomentose, sometimes radiately sulcate, ferruginous or umber, darkening with age; hymenial surface bistre or chocolate with a reddish tinge, colliculose, deeply scantily creviced when old, velutinate; margin thinning out, bright fulvous, loosely attached. Context dark ferruginous or umber, 0.3-0.6 mm thick, of parallel hyphae radiately arranged, erect in the setal layer, and bordered on the abhymenial surface by a deeply coloured cemented cortex of intertwined hyphae; skeletal hyphae 2.5-3 µm diameter, walls 0.5 µm thick, golden brown; generative hyphae 2-2.5 µm diameter, walls 0.2 µm thick, hyaline. Setal layer 120-250 µm deep, a compact zone of 3-7 overlapping rows of setae embedded among erect skeletal hyphae; setae projecting to 90 µm, aculeate, some slightly curved, 80-105 x 7-9 µm, walls naked, rich chestnut, lumena narrow. Hymenial layer to 40 µm deep, a dense palisade of basidia and paraphyses. Basidia subclavate, 20-24 x 4-5 µm, bearing 4 spores; sterigmata arcuate, slender, to 4 µm long. Paraphyses subclavate, 8-18 x 3.5-4 µm. Spores oblong-elliptical, 5.5-7 x 3.5-4 µm, walls smooth, hyaline, 0.2 µm thick.

Distribution

DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Great Britain, North America, New Zealand.

Habitat

HABITAT: Bark of dead branches and trunks associated with a pocket rot.

Notes

Although resembling H. tabacina in the presence of a coloured cortex, dense setal layer, and effused-reflexed fructifications the species differs in that spores are elliptical, setae are narrower, darker in colour, naked, only one colour zone, the cortex, is present, and fructifications are of different shape and colour. Collections vary appreciably. Most are either umbonate-sessile, when orbicular with margins plane, or narrowly effused-reflexed and linear. The pileus surface is some shade of brown, becoming darker with age, in some old specimens being almost black. The hymenial surface of fresh specimens is bright reddish-brown, with bright fulvous margins. On drying, or in old specimens, the surface may change to dingy umber or fuscous and margins become concolorous. Appreciable variations also occur in depth of the setal layer and consequently the number of overlapping rows of setae, thickness of the context, and abundance of abhymenial hairs. In microfeatures New Zealand plants agree with European specimens examined, which also exhibit similar variations in these features. They differ chiefly in host range, all being taken from conifers, whereas in Europe and North America the species is usually found upon frondose species. Although recorded by earlier workers from Australia and Tasmania, collections so named in Kew herbarium are of other species.

FIG. 132. Auriculariopsis ampla. Showing abhymenial hairs, subgelatinous context, the simple hymenial layer, and allantoid spores.

FIG. 133. Tomentella pilosa. Showing a cordon in the base, clavate or capitate paraphysate hyphae some transversely septate, and sinuate verruculose spores.

Typification

TYPE LOCALITY: Great Britain.

Miettinen, O.; Larsson, K.-H.; Spirin, V. 2019: Hydnoporia, an older name for Pseudochaete and Hymenochaetopsis, and typification of the genus Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 4: 77-96.

Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. 1846

Notes

The typification of the generic type, H. rubiginosa, requires clarification. Hymenochaete rubiginosa has been conserved as the generic type of Hymenochaete (ICN Appendix III). However, the original English material of Helvella rubiginosa Dicks. which could be used for the species typification does not exist (Parmasto 2001). Job (1990) selected Lloyd’s collection from Ohio as a neotype of H. rubiginosa, but we disagree with his decision. According to our analysis of ITS sequences, the current concept of H. rubiginosa covers probably at least four species: European (i.e. H. rubiginosa s. str.), two unnamed sibling species from North America, and one from East Asia (Fig. 4). The type of H. rubiginosa should have been designated from European material.

For this reason, we suggest to typify H. rubiginosa with an authentic specimen from the Fries herbarium in Uppsala: Sweden. Småland: Femsjö, Fries (UPS F-175700, lectotype of Helvella rubiginosa Dicks. designated here, MBT386587). This specimen was with high likelihood collected prior to 1821 when the sanctioning work Systema Mycologicum was published (Fries 1821) and is suitable as a lectotype (ICN Art. 9.3). Our reasoning is as follows: Fries used the name Stereum rubiginosum for this species in Fries (1818: 274), and this is how Fries has labelled the lectotype (his handwriting is visible). In Systema Mycologicum (Fries 1821) he switched to the name Thelephora rubiginosa for this species. Thus, the lectotype predates the sanctioning and is the only authentic specimen of this species in Fries’s herbarium.

The four relatives of H. rubiginosa in North America and East Asia need other names in the future. For the time being they can be labelled H. rubiginosa coll. One of them is labelled H. ochromarginata (He & Dai 2012), but because H. ochromarginata was described from Africa, its applicability to Chinese material should be critically assessed.