Solanum americanum Mill.

Caption:

Details

Name scientific

Solanum americanum Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8. (1768)

Preferred name

Solanum americanum Mill.

Taxonomy reference

Särkinen, T.; Poczai, P.; Barboza, G.E.; van der Weerden, G.M.; Baden, M.; Knapp, S. 2018: A revision of the Old World Black NIghtshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1–223.

Linked name

Solanum americanum Mill.

Biostatus

Origin

Occurrence

Georegion

Schema

Biostatus source

Comment

Indigenous, non-endemic

Wild

New Zealand

Political Region

Särkinen, T.; Poczai, P. et al. (2018)

Nomenclature

Authors

Mill.

Original authors

Mill.

Publication place

Miller, P. 1768: The Gardeners Dictionary. Vol. No. 17. Edition 8. London.

Year published

1768

Nomenclatural code

ICN

Basionym

Solanum americanum Mill.

Taxonomic rank

species

Canonical form

Solanum americanum

Classification

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae

Genus

Solanum

Species

americanum

Subordinates

Vernacular names

Language of use: English

small-flowered nightshade

Language of use: Māori

Synonyms

Descriptions

Allan, H.H. 1961: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. I. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. Government Printer, Wellington.

Solanum nodiflorum Jacq.

Description

Ample laxly branched plant, subshrubby in lower, herbaceous in upper parts, up to c. 1 m. tall and broad. Stems up to c. 5 mm. diam., glab. or us. nearly so, very finely striate, narrowly margined, somewhat zigzag, internodes up to c. 10 cm. long. Lvs us. of diverse form, often several forms on an individual. Lamina thin, membr., ± glab., reticulations evident; 4-6 × 1·5-3 cm., with smaller axillary Iflts up to c. 10×7 mm., oblong to ovate-oblong to narrow ovate-oblong. Infl. an almost regular to a slightly irregular cymose umbel. Peduncle very slender, up to 15 mm. long, patent; pedicels almost filiform, up to 10 mm. long. Calyx-lobes strongly reflexed at fruiting stage. Corolla c. 8 mm. diam.; anthers 1.1-2 mm. long. Berries black, glistening, ± 6 mm. diam. Seeds (1)-1·5 mm. long. Baylis finds n = 12, pollen-grain diam. in lacto-phenol 20-27 µ, stone-cell masses in fruiting stage 0-4.

Dawson, M.I. 2008: Index of chromosome numbers of indigenous New Zealand vascular plants.

Solanum americanum subsp. nutans (R.J.F.Hend.) R.J.F.Hend.

Description

2n = 24

Description

n = 12

Webb, C.J.; Sykes, W.R.; Garnock-Jones, P.J. 1988: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. IV. Naturalised Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Dicotyledons. Botany Division DSIR, Christchurch.

Solanum americanum Mill.

Description

Unarmed annual or short-lived perennial herb, often bushy, up to 1 m tall, nearly always glabrous or almost so except when very young. Petioles to 5 cm long. Lamina very variable, in cauline lvs usually 4-10 × 1.5-5.5 cm (lvs at base of lateral shoots often smaller), ovate, ovate-oblong or lanceolate-ovate, entire to coarsely but distantly toothed or lobulate and sometimes with axillary leaflets; base broad-cuneate or attenuate; apex ± acute. Umbels few-flowered, with slender peduncles to c. 2 cm long at anthesis; pedicels becoming deflexed at fruiting. Calyx < 2 mm long, accrescent; lobes ovate to almost elliptic, usually strongly reflexed at fruiting. Corolla 5-8 mm diam., white or very pale mauve, glabrous; lobes ± triangular. Anthers 1-1.6 mm long. Berry 5-8 mm diam., globular, black, glossy; stone cells present. Seeds 1-2 mm long, broadly obovoid to almost orbicular.

Taxonomic concepts

Name

Cited name

Reference

Preferred name

Parent name

Solanum americanum Mill.

Solanum americanum Mill.

de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R. et al. (2018)

Solanum americanum Mill.

Solanum americanum Mill.

Särkinen, T.; Poczai, P. et al. (2018)

Solanum americanum Mill.

Solanum americanum Mill.

Webb, C.J.; Sykes, W.R.; Garnock-Jones, P.J. (1988)

Solanum americanum subsp. nodiflorum (Jacq.) R.J.F.Hend.

Solanum americanum subsp. nodiflorum R.J.F.Hend.