Agaricus L. 1753

Caption:

Details

Name scientific

Agaricus L. 1753

Preferred name

Agaricus L. 1753

Taxonomy reference

Segedin, B.P.; Pennycook, S.R. 2001: A nomenclatural checklist of agarics, boletes, and related secotioid and gasteromycetous fungi recorded from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 39(2): 285-348.

Linked name

Agaricus L.

Biostatus

Origin

Occurrence

Georegion

Schema

Biostatus source

Comment

Present

New Zealand

Political Region

Nomenclature

Authors

Original authors

Publication place

Linnaeus, C. von 1753: Species Plantarum. 2. 1200 p.

Year published

1753

Publication page

1171

Sanctioning author

Fr.

Nomenclatural code

ICN

Basionym

Agaricus L. 1753

Type taxon

Agaricus campestris L. 1753

Taxonomic rank

genus

Canonical form

Agaricus

Classification

Kingdom

Fungi

Phylum

Basidiomycota

Class

Agaricomycetes

Order

Agaricales

Family

Agaricaceae

Genus

Agaricus

Subordinates

Synonyms

Associations

View full associations record

Association type

Associated organism

Association source

has host

Abutilon

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Acer

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Beilschmiedia tawa (A.Cunn.) Kirk

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carrière

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Cupressus

PDD (5 records from [Not available].)

has host

Cupressus macrocarpa Gordon

PDD (4 records from [Not available].)

has host

Cyathea

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Dacrycarpus dacrydioides (A.Rich.) de Laub.

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Eucalyptus

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Eugenia smithii Poir. 1789

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Festuca

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Kunzea

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Kunzea ericoides (A.Rich.) Joy Thomps. 1983

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Leptospermum

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

has host

Metrosideros

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Metrosideros excelsa Gaertn.

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

has host

Nothofagus

PDD (8 records from [Not available].)

has host

Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Oerst.

PDD (4 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pennisetum clandestinum Chiov.

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pinus

PDD (6 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pinus radiata D.Don

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Poaceae

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

has host

Podocarpus dacrydioides

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Podocarpus totara D.Don

PDD (4 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pseudotsuga

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

has host

Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Quercus

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Salix babylonica L.

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Tristania

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

has host

Weinmannia racemosa L.f.

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Pilát 1951

PDD (2 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Barya agaricicola (Berk.) Höhn. 1910

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Chrysosporium luteum (Costantin) Carmichael 1962

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Cladobotryum Nees 1816-17

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Coprinus fimetarius (L.) Fr. 1838

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Diehliomyces microsporus (Diehl & E.B. Lamb.) Gilkey 1955 [1954]

PDD (3 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Doratomyces stemonitis (Pers.) F.J. Morton & G. Sm. 1963

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray 1821

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Hypsizygus marmoreus (Peck) H.E. Bigelow

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler 1976 [1975]

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Oedocephalum fimetarium (Riess) Sacc. 1886

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Paecilomyces marquandii (Massee) S. Hughes 1951

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. 1872

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer 1951

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Rhopalomyces Harder & Sörgel 1938

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

is host of

Verticillium malthousei Ware 1933

PDD (1 records from [Not available].)

Descriptions

Anon.: NZFUNGI (unassigned reference).

Agaricus L. 1753

Notes

Cap smooth or with dark fibrillose scales, usually dull in colour (some of the indigenous pecies with dark brown scales);, stalk central with a well-developed ring;, gills always pink when immature, becoming dark chocolate brown as spores develop, more or less free. Stalk typically breaks cleanly away from the cap. Spore print chocolate brown. Saprobic on the soil.

Seven indigenous species have been reported, although the genus has been rather poorly collected and a number of these species have been seen only rarely. There may be around 12 introduced species. The identity of Agaricus to the species level is often problematic without a good understanding of the kind of variation in appearance that can occur with changes in weather, age, or micro-site.

The indigenous species are typically found in forests, the exotic species in grassy areas, on lawns, in parks and in farmland. Included amongst the exotic species is the "field mushroom" and the "button mushroom", commercial strains of which are grown for sale in the shops.

Not all Agaricus species are edible. Those in which the flesh stains yellow at the base of the stalk often cause stomach upsets, sometimes severe. Agaricus xanthoderma is a name that has been used uncritically in New Zealand for a set of species all with this yellow-staining feature, probably all introduced. One of these species is common on lawns in northern New Zealand towns and cities, smaller in stature than most Agaricus species and with the very top of the cap having a small flattened area.

Care also needs to be taken not to confuse Agaricus with the deadly poisonous Amanita, mushrooms of similar stature and often with a ring on the stalk, but always with white spores and gills. Other white-spored mushrooms that can be otherwise somewhat similar in appearance and habitat to Agaricus include Chlorophyllum and Leucoagaricus.

Notes

The field mushroom and its relatives. Saprobes, always found on soil. Not all species are edible. Species from native forests should probably be avoided, as sho those where the flesh stains yellow at the base of the stalk.

The pink gills of the immature mushrooms turn dark chocolate brown as the spores are formed. About 30 species have been reported, but the genus remains poorly understood for New Zealand. Although some of these species are indigenous, the origin of many is uncertain.

Only those listed below have descriptions or images available from NZFungi.

Massee, G.E. 1899: The fungus flora of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 31: 282–349.

Agaricus L. 1753

Description

Pileus regular, fleshy; gills free from the stem, whitish at first, finally dark-umber; stem central, furnished with a ring; spores brownish-purple:

Distinguished by the free gills and ring on the stem. The Agaricus of Linnaeus, as interpreted by Fries, was divided into several subgenera by the last-named author, and the original name Agaricus has been retained for those species included in the subgenus Psalliota of Fries Agricus as here understood is morphologically similar to Lepiota in the Leucosporae. All grow on the ground; often in open pastures.