Type: Sooty Moulds and Similar Fungi; Description: Subiculum superficial, densely plumose, loose or compact, spongy, black; on or around branches and twigs; a continuous subiculum up to 40 mm wide may surround twigs to a length of 500 mm. Mycelium composed of brown to dark brown, septate, coarsely or finely warted, cylindrical, 14–18 μm wide hyphae. Ascomata stromatic, scattered or in groups, sometimes basally immersed, dark brown to black, subglobose, 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, ostiolate, bearing laterally numerous simple, olive brown to brown, cylindrical to slightly tapering, straight hyphal appendages up to 400 μm long. Asci ellipsoidal to obclavate, 100–135 × 43–47 μm. Ascospores fasciculate, curved, 5–12-septate (mostly 7–9-septate), 36–100 × 12–20 μm, smooth, pale brown to brown. Antennatula synanamorph. Conidia straight or slightly curved, 5–9-septate, 54–100 × 12–18 μm, smooth to finely warted, dull olive green to dark olive brown.

Distribution: Northland, Auckland, Hawke’s Bay, Nelson, Buller, Westland, North Canterbury, Mid Canterbury.; 1st Record: Hughes (1974a).

Significance: None.; Host(s): Aristotelia serrata, Carpodetus serratus, Coprosma crassifolia, C. rhamnoides, Fuchsia excorticata, Hebe stricta var. stricta, H. stricta var. egmontiana, Hymeno-phyllum demissum, Kunzea ericoides, Laurelia novaezelandiae, Leptospermum scoparium, Leucopogon fasciculatus, Melicope simplex, Neomyrtus pedunculata, Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides, Olearia paniculata, Pittosporum colensoi, Pteridium esculentum, Salix fragilis, Sophora microphylla, Vitex lucens.

Collections: Forty-five collections of E. pacifica were made in New Zealand in 1963, mostly as the Antennatula state, on 22 different hosts; eleven of the collections were made on Leptospermum scoparium on which host the fungus fruited abundantly. In the list that follows DAOM numbers in bold face indicate the presence of Euantennaria ascostromata, associated with the two imperfect states.
Filicales: Mecodium demissum DAOM 117328 (PDD 25886): Pteridium aquilinum var. esculentum 96475.
Dicotyledons: Aristotelia serrata 96447 (21013), 96683; Carpodetus serratus 96455 (25764); Coprosma crassifolia 96469 (21312); C. rhamnoides 96125 (21226) 96473 (21302); Coprosma spp. 96440, 96712, 117163 (25890); Cyathodes fasciculata 96432 (20548), 96458 96464 (21333), 96471, 96474 (21341); Fuschia excorticata 96470; Hebe stricta var. stricta 96443; H. stricta var. egmontiana 96080, 96083, 96436 (20715); Laurelia novae-zelandiae 96460; Leptospermum ericoides 96064, 96428 (20411), 96431; L. scoparium 96120, 96215, (21328) 96433 (20626), 96435 (20611), 96438 (20742), 96499 (21044), 96450 96452 96459 (21237), 96467, 96472 (21303); Melicope simplex 96068; Neomyrtus pedunculata 117160 (25894); Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides 96465, 96635; Pittosporum colensoi 96437 (20743); Salix fragilis 96632; Shawia paniculata 96075; Sophora microphylla 96427 (20398); Vitex lucens 96429.
Nine other collections of this species from New Zealand (1-6 in Herb. K), Australia (7, 8), and Chile (9) have been found in other herbaria, mostly labelled Antennaria scoriadea.
(1) "Antennaria scoriadea, B. [scr. Berk.] N. Zealand, Colenso, 4799"; (on Friesia [i.e., Weinmannia] nr. Cape Kidnapper, Hawkes Bay, fide Mr B. G, Hamlin, in litt.); (2) "Antennaria scoriadea, Berk. [scr. Berk.] New Zealand. Colenso. 1428" [cf. p. 312]; (3) "Antennaria scoriadea, Berk. [scr. Berk.] growing on trees. Bay of Plenty, New Zealand 1853, J. J. (Dr Jolliffe]"; (4, 5) "Antennaria scoriadea B. on living trees [scr. M. C. Cooke] [Colenso No.] b. 246" and ditto "b. 247"; (6) "Antennaria scoriadea B. New Zealand. W. Colenso, 626a [scr. M. C. Cooke]".
(7) on Acacia melanoxylon, Gorae, Portland, Victoria, 31.III. 1962, A. C. Beauglehole, Herb. ADW 15626 (DAOM 96060); (8) on Olearia argophylla, Gipps Land, Victoria, the type of Podosporium grande Cooke in Herb. K; the Antennatula state of Euantennaria pacifica is one of the components of this mixed collection (cf. p. 308).
(9) "Antennaria scoriadea Berk. Concepción. leg. Neger", in Herb. S.

Subicula loose or compact, spongy, black, densely plumose with hyphae united into tapering, straight or curved fascicles, the larger ones bearing numerous branches which are progressively shorter toward the apex. Subicula may consist of a few plumose fascicles arising from scanty repent hyphae but a continuous subiculum up to 4 cm wide may surround twigs and branches to a length of up to 50 cm and possibly more. On other twigs and branches subicula may be flattened and com­posed of layers of fasciculate hyphae compoundly branched mostly in one plane. Almost pure colonies of this species were commonly encountered.
Mycelium composed of septate cylindrical hyphae which are coarsely or finely roughened and dull olive green to olive brown to pale brown to brown when young and more or less smooth or faintly striate and brown to dark brown when older; branching is usually at right angles. Individual cells are cylindrical and 9-12 µm wide when young and very slightly inflated or barrel-shaped, 18-36 µm long and 14-18 µm wide when older. Anastomoses are frequent especially in the fascicles of hyphae; up to every third cell of some hyphae may be anastomosed to an adjacent cell of a parallel hypha.
Antennatula conidia develop singly from scattered cells toward the ends of separate hyphae or more commonly from cells of the outermost hyphae of the branched plumose fascicles; they arise at right angles to the hyphae that bear them and give the fascicles a bristly appearance. At maturity conidia are straight or slightly curved, or straight below and distantly curved; they are navicular, sometimes abruptly narrowed at the apex and bluntly mucronate, generally smooth but sometimes finely roughened or striate, slightly constricted at the septa, dull olive green to dark olive brown to brown to pale brown, generally paler at the apex,5- to 9-, rarely 11-septate, usually 7- or 9-septate, 43-57 x 14.5-17 µm (5-septate), 54-86 x 12.5-16.5(-20) µm (7-septate), 81-100 x 15.3-18 µm (9-septate), 112 x 18 µm (one 11-septate conidium).
Hormisciomyces phialophores arise from subicular hyphae or from the hyphae united into fascicles; they are variable in length, 1- to multi-septate, with the apical cell bearing a regular or irregular whorl of 5 to 9 presumed phialides which are more or less ovoid, 7.2-8.1 x 3.7-5.5 µm and pale brown to brown. Phialospores not seen. Phialophores can proliferate through the whorl of phialides to produce another whorl at a higher level and this process may be repeated.
Ascostromata dark brown to black, scattered or in groups, mostly borne laterally on the fasciculate hyphae, sometimes basally immersed, subglobose to apically flattened with an ostiole in a short papillate beak; they are 300-500 µm diam. with a wall 90-120 µm thick, and composed of outer thick-walled dark brown cells merging with inner thin-walled and subhyaline cells. Laterally the ascostromata bear numerous scattered, simple, septate, olive brown to brown cylindrical to slightly tapering hyphal appendages up to 400 µm long and 9-12.5 µm wide, often straight and setose, occasionally fasciculate and anastomosed with each other; they merge below with the hyphae of the subiculum.
Asci at first narrowly ellipsoidal or cylindrical when young; at maturity broadly ellipsoidal to obclavate, bitunicate, 100-135 x 43-47 µm usually with 8 mature ascospores. Ascospore initials narrowly obovoid, thick-walled (3 µm), uniseriate throughout or medially over­lapping: initials become 1-septate usually slightly above the middle, even­tually elongating with successive transverse septa developing centrifugally until finally the terminal cells narrow abruptly and develop a mucronate end. Mature ascospores are fasciculate within the ascus, straight or mostly curved, more or less ellipsoidal, pale brown to brown, smooth, slightly or not constricted at the septa, 5- to 12-septate, 36-100 x 12-20 µm mostly 7- or 9-septate: ascospores from 8-spored asci measure 36-45 x 14.5-18 µm (5-septate), 50-68 x 12-18 µm (7-septate), 59-72 x 12-16 µm (9-septate).

Distribution: New Zealand (Auckland, Hawkes Bay, Nelson, Westland, and Canterbury Provinces), Australia (Victoria), and Chile.

Subiculum atrum, forma variabile, ad 4 cm lat. et 50 cm long., plerumque ex fasciculis plumosis hypharum compositum. Hyphae superficiales, pallide olivaceae vel olivaceo-brunneae vel atro-brunneae, paulum vel asperrimae, ramosae, saepe anastomosantes, cylindricae, ex cellulis oblongis, ad septas subconstrictas, 18-36 x 14-18 µm compositae. Ascostromata sicut perithecia, videntur, subglobosa vel apicem versus plana, ostiolo papillato, dispersa, aliquando basi immersa, 300-500 µm diam., ornata cum appendiculis cylindricis. septatis, brunneis vel olivaceo-brunneis, ad 400 µm long. 9-12.5 µm lat., saepe rectis, aliquando fasciculatis, anastomosantes, et hyphas simulantibus. Asci late ellipsoidei vel obclavati, bitunicati, 100-135 x 43-47 µm plerumque 8-spori. Ascosporae rectae vel curvatae, plus minusve ellipsoideae, utrinque mucronatae, pallide vel atro-brunneae, laeves, ad septas parum si vero constrictae, 5-12-septatae, 36-100 x 12-20 µm, plerumque 7- vel 9-septatae, 50-68 x 12-18 µm (7-sept.) et 59-72 x 12-16 µm (9-sept.).
Stati imperfecti (a) Antennatula : conidia recta vel subcurvata naviculariformia, apicem versus et mucronata et plerumque pallidiora, laevia vel subtiliter aspera vel striata, ad septas paulo constricta, olivacea vel brunnea, 5-9-septata et 43-112 x 12.5-18 µm, plerumque 7- vel 9-septata, 54-86 x 12.5-16.5 (-20) µm (7-sept.) et 81-100 x 15.3-18 µm (9-sept.).
(b) Hormisciomyces: phialides plus minusve ovoideae, 7.2-8.1 x 3.7-5.5 µm, pallide brunneae vel brunneae. Phialoconidia non vidi.
Habitat: superficialiter in truncis, ramis, foliis, frondibusque plantarum viventium.

Typus: in ramis Carpodeti serrati, New Zealand, Canterbury Province, near Ashley Gorge, 14.V.1963, PDD 25764 (DAOM 96455).