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Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987

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Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987

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Indigenous, non-endemic
Present
New Zealand
Political Region

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(Dennis) Spooner
Dennis
Spooner
1987
392
as 'juncicolum'
ICN
NZ holotype
species
Asperopilum juncicola

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juncicola

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Excipulum composed of rows of short prismatic cells, 3-4 µ wide, at a high angle to the surface and running out into short, cylindrical, nonseptate, smooth, hyaline, obtuse hairs.
Apothecia gregaria, sessilia, erumpentia, leviter puberula, albida, disco flavescente, margine integra, latit. 0.5 mm. Asci clavati, octospori, 100 x 13 µ, apice jodo non tincti; ascosporae fasciculatae, cylindraceo-clavatae, 3-septatae, hyalinae, 40-45 x 4 µ; paraphyses filiformes, subinde dichotome ramosae, apice paullo incrassatulo, crassit. 1-3 µ.
In foliis vetustis Junci vaginati, Upper Hutt, Hutt River, Wellington, 31.7.1952, A. J. Healey 19045 (typus).

Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987

NEW ZEALAND: Wellington, Hutt River, Upper Hutt, on culms of Juncus vaginatus, 31 vii 1952, leg. A.J. Healey 19045 (Holotype, K). Australia: Victoria, Amiets Track near Lavers Hill, on culms of Juncus sarophorus, 14 xi 1965, leg. G. Beaton 318 (Isotype of Pseudohelotium asperotrichum, K).
APOTHECIA gregarious to caespitose, erumpent, sessile or subsessile. DISC 0.4-0.6 mm diam., pale yellowish-orange when rehydrated, orange to orange-brown when dry, plano-convex. RECEPTACLE shallow cupulate to discoid, concolorous, wholly whitish-puberulent. HAIRS hyaline, cylindric or slightly tapered, straight or somewhat flexuous, obtuse, thin-walled, 0-2-septate, basally smooth but otherwise finely granulate throughout, 20-55 x 2.5-3.0 µm. ASCI (85-)100-120 (-130) x 12.5-15.0 µm, 8-spored, tapered below to a short-stipitate base, apex conical, pore not blue in Melzer's reagent. ASCOSPORES (38-)41-45(-48) x 3.5-4.0 µm, hyaline, narrowly clavate, proximal end broadly rounded, evenly tapered distally, straight or slightly curved, (1-)3-septate, fasciculate or overlapping in 3-4 series within the ascus. PARAPHYSES hyaline, slender, filiform, 1.0-1.5 µm diam. below, irregularly clavate and sometimes lobed above, 2-4 µm diam., septate, dichotomously branched in the upper part, exceeding the asci, the apices intertwined to form an epithecium 10-25 µm thick. SUBHYMENIUM not clearly differentiated from the medulla. MEDULLARY EXCIPULUM hyaline, composed at the base of vertically arranged, septate, thin-walled hyphae 2-3 µm diam., radiating into the receptacle and becoming loosely interwoven at the centre, and beneath the hymenium in the flanks, and merging with the ectal layer towards the margin. ECTAL EXCIPULUM composed of radiating rows of short, hyaline prismatic cells 7-12 x 2.5-3.5 µm, with thin or slightly thickened walls, disposed in the lower receptacle at a high angle to the surface, curving round parallel to the surface at the extreme margin.
On culms of species of Juncus Australia, New Zealand.

It is unfortunate that the granulation on the walls of the hairs was overlooked in the original description by Dennis (1961), who referred the species to Pseudohelotium because of the form of the asci and ascospores. Pseudohelotium pineti (Batsch: Fries) Fuckel, (the type species) has simple paraphyses, asci with a distinctly amyloid apical pore, short, smooth, clavate hair-like elements at the apothecial margin and a pigmented excipular tissue. Clearly, the present species cannot be accommodated in Pseudohelotium and, indeed, the presence of differentiated, granulate hairs suggests it is better referred to Hyaloscyphaceae. It is in some respects similar to species of Lachnellula but differs in lacking agglutinated excipular hyphae, having a conical ascus apex, much-branched paraphyses and in occurring on a non-woody substratum. The hairs in the material examined, though granulate over most of their length, are smooth towards the base and this approaches the situation in Cistella. However, in that genus the hairs are usually clavate, with granulation confined to the tip of the apical cell. Species of Cistella also differ in having asci with an amyloid apical pore, though septate spores do occur and it is possible that these genera are related. Species of Lachnum differ in having simple, usually lanceolate paraphyses, asci with an amyloid apical pore and hairs which are granulate throughout their length. There seems to be no existing genus to which the present species may be appropriately referred, and a new genus is, therefore, proposed here to accommodate it.

Pseudohelotium asperotrichum, recently described from culms of Juncus sarophorus in Australia, was said to differ from P. juncicola in having granulate hairs and less profusely branched paraphyses. However, the type material is closely similar in all respects to that of P. juncicola except for the latter character, which alone cannot be regarded as of taxonomic significance. They are undoubtedly conspecific.

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Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner (1987)
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987
Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner (1987)

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Asperopilum juncicola (Dennis) Spooner 1987
[Not available]

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taxonomic status
Based on ITS sequencing, phylogenetically belongs to Lachnum s.s. (the Lachnaceae clade containing Lachnum virgineum), despite its morphology [PRJ, Aug 2019)

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1cb17e62-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
scientific name
Names_Fungi
19 March 1993
15 December 2003
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