Molloy, B.P.J.; Connor, H.E. 2005: Species novae graminum Novae-Zelandiae III. Two diploid species of Rytidosperma (Danthonieae: Danthonioideae). New Zealand Journal of Botany 43: 721–743.
Details
Molloy, B.P.J.; Connor, H.E. 2005: Species novae graminum Novae-Zelandiae III. Two diploid species of Rytidosperma (Danthonieae: Danthonioideae). New Zealand Journal of Botany 43: 721–743.
Article
Descriptions
Small tufted bright green tussock and persistent old stramineous leaves below shoots of 3–4 conspicuously divergent leaf blades on widely spaced intravaginal innovations, << erect culms. Prophyll 7–10 mm, keels long hairy, interkeels hairy, setae <1 mm hairy. Leaf-sheath 1–1.5 cm, glabrous, ridged, becoming stramineous; collar thickened, paler than sheath; apical tuft 0.5–1–1.5 mm, sparse. Ligule a very narrow row of hairs c. 0.25 mm. Leafblade 2.5–3 cm × 0.5 mm, ± terete; persistent, tardily disarticulating at ligule; glabrous abaxially except keel hairy apically; adaxially with many small white prickles on nerves; margin glabrous. Culm to 12 cm, internodes rigid, erect, tough, glabrous, inflorescence internode 4–6 cm. Inflorescence a raceme, 1.0– 1.7 cm, of 2–3–5 widely spaced solitary overlapping spikelets on very finely toothed pedicels 2–3–5 mm, rachis very finely toothed. Spikelets 6–8 mm, of 3–5 florets; awns exserted. Glumes equal, ± ovate–acute 5–6 mm, glabrous, bright green centrally, margins hyaline sometimes empurpled below, faintly toothed above, apex finely ciliate, nerves confluent; upper 5-nerved, lower 3-nerved, adaxially with abundant very small white hairs. Lemma 2 mm, bright green, 7-nerved, nerves anastomosing below sinus; upper row of hairs only in marginal tufts, 0.75 mm, ≥ sinus, or with one or two central tufts of 1–few hairs > sinus, < awn column; lower row only of marginal tufts, 0.5 mm, not reaching upper marginal tufts, elsewhere glabrous; lemma lobes 1.5–2.5 mm ≥ lemma, abruptly produced into awns 1–1.5 mm, margins empurpled; central awn 1.5–2.5, reflexed from twisting column 1 mm. Palea 2.5 mm, > sinus, broad, keels densely long ciliate above, glabrous and narrow below; apex entire, ciliate; adaxially hairy above. Callus 0.25 mm, rounded, marginal hair tufts 0.4–0.6 mm, not reaching tufts of lower row of lemma. Rachilla 0.3–0.5 mm, glabrous. Lodicules 0.4–0.5 mm, hairs 1–2 = lodicule; nerved, cuneate and lobed. Anthers 0.7–1.0 mm, yellow, apiculate, exserted. Gynoecium: ovary 0.5–0.8 mm, obovoid, stipitate, stigma-styles 1.2–1.5–1.75 mm, exserted, remnant of third style present. Caryopsis 1.4–1.5 mm × 0.75 mm, obovate, free; embryo 0.5–0.6 mm; hilum 0.3–0.4 mm.
Quoad flosculorum aspectum ad R. merum accedit sed ab ea specie differt flosculis minoribus, et brevi summo culmi internodio ad maturitatem non elongato.
Small low-growing olive-green tufted tussocks becoming pallid with many old small stramineous bladeless ligule-tipped sheaths below compact intravaginal innovations of 3–4 semipungent leaves << culms; sometimes open and evidently stoloniferous, rooting and shooting at nodes. Prophyll 4–5 mm, keels weakly hairy, setae 0.5– 1 mm, finely hairy. Leaf-sheath 5–10 mm, usually glabrous but often long hairy, pale stramineous, shining, ridged, broader than leaf blade; adaxially with many fine hairs; apical tuft 0.5–0.75 mm, sparse, spreading. Ligule 0.2–0.3 mm, of fine hairs. Leaf-blade 10–25 mm × 2 mm, inrolled, glabrous, apex thickened and pointed, ciliate; disarticulating at ligule; adaxially very finely prickle-toothed on nerves; margins very finely antrosely prickletoothed; in TS central and main lateral vascular bundles with sclerenchyma girders, others free. Culm (2)–8–10–(20) cm, internodes smooth, shining; nodes 3–5, constricted, often geniculate below; inflorescence internode 3–7 cm, sheath sometimes with regular dark horizontal bands. Inflorescence a raceme or racemose panicle (0.5)–1–2–(3.5) cm of (2)–3–7 spikelets on very short branches or solitary; margins of rachis and branches very finely toothed; pedicels hairy, hairs denser and longer below spikelets. Spikelets 4–5 mm, of 3–5 small closely compact florets usually included by glumes, occasionally upper florets exerted. Glumes ≈, 4–5 mm, ± linear acute, faintly keeled, keels occasionally scabrid above, centrally purple or green, margins chartaceous, 3–5 nerves confluent above and central nerve excurrent; adaxially with abundant small white hairs. Lemma 1.5–1.75–2.25 mm, ovate, straw coloured and sometimes purpled above, 5–7 nerves anastomosing below sinus; dense long hairs in two rows ≤ lemma apex, upper row of irregular tufts, lower row of dense longer tufts reaching upper row, glabrous below lower row, single pair of marginal tufts at level of rachilla apex often extending below, adaxially finely hairy; apex tridentate with two short (0.2 mm) lateral lobes and finely ciliate mucro in sinus, 0.2–0.3–0.5 mm or absent, usually > lobes. Palea 1.5–2 mm, ≤ lemma rarely longer, keels toothed ± to base, interkeels and flanks glabrous, apex retuse. Callus 0.1–0.25 mm, rounded–obtuse, disarticulation oblique, marginal hair tufts 0.3– 0.5 mm overlapping lower lemma hairs. Rachilla (0.3)–0.4–0.5–(0.7) mm, glabrous. Lodicules 0.3 mm, cuneate, nerved, margins occasionally ciliate. Anthers (0.3)–0.4–0.75 mm, purple. Gynoecium: ovary 0.4–0.5 mm, stipitate; stigma–styles 0.75– 1 mm. Caryopsis 0.8–1.0 mm, stipitate, broadly ovate; embryo 0.4–0.5 mm; hilum 0.1–0.2 mm.
Differt a R. pumilo lemmate conspicue villoso pilis in duobus seriebus dispositis, et callo rotundato pilis longis ornato.
Identification keys
Key
4
Lemma hairs in continuous lower row and in an interrupted, tufted upper row; callus long, narrow, up to 1.5 mm
Lemma hairs in two pairs of marginal tufts and occasional hairs elsewhere; callus short, broad, 0.25– 1 mm
4a
Lateral lemma lobes 3–6–8 mm; central awn 6.5–8–11–(14) mm from twisting column (2.5)–3– 3.5 mm
Reproduced with permission from New Zealand Journal of Botany and The Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi.
26
Upper row of lemma hairs noticeably shorter than lemma lobes; pedicels with dense long stiff hairs below spikelet
Upper row of lemma hairs ± equalling or exceeding lemma lobes; pedicels uniformly short-scabrid, occasionally long hairs below spikelet
27
Lemma glabrous between rows of hairs; callus hairs overlapping lower marginal hair tufts
Lemma with scattered hairs between rows of hairs; callus hairs not, or a few just reaching lower marginal hair tufts
Reproduced with permission from New Zealand Journal of Botany and The Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi.
Cited scientific names
Metadata
ce7730b7-beed-4226-a870-fda6b9f6dfef
reference
Names_Plants
7 October 2005
7 October 2005