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Wilson, H.D.; Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1983: Taxonomic notes on Stewart Island Ranunculus including two new species. New Zealand Journal of Botany 21: 341–345.

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Wilson, H.D.; Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1983: Taxonomic notes on Stewart Island Ranunculus including two new species. New Zealand Journal of Botany 21: 341–345.
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Rosettes single or forming small patches, appressed to the ground in exposed grassland but up to 5 cm tall in shelter of rocks. Leaves broad-ovate to deltoid, c. 9-14 × 9-14 mm, dark green, simple and crenately lobed or toothed, or cut to about halfway into 3 main lobes, rather thick and stiff, covered in pale buff hairs. Petioles 15-40 mm long, hairy, dark-mottled, with broad, sheathing, scarious, ciliate bases. Peduncle 2-4 cm long, stout, decumbent or ascending, dark-mottled or purplish throughout, hairy, bearing 1-2 simple narrow bracts near base. Flowers solitary, 15-20 mm diam.; sepals 5, caducous, green-margined, dark brown or sometimes almost black beneath; petals 5-(7), rather narrow, 7-10 × 3-4 mm, glossy yellow above but often blotched with orange-brown, dark brown beneath; nectary near base of petal, covered by a narrow oblong scale; stamens 15-20; receptacle sparsely hairy. Achenes 4-(6), blotched with very dark brown, c. 4-5 mm long; body ellipsoid, c. 2-2.5 × 1.5-2 mm; beak slender, barely curved, c. 2-2.5 mm long.
Herba rosulata a R. kirkii Petrie differt foliis crassis, trilobatis sed haud ternatis; floribus solitariis, grandioribus, nectario basali; acheniis angustioribus, rostris longioribus; a R. folioso Kirk differt floribus solitariis; nectario basali; acheniis paucis, majoribus, rostris longioribus.
Rosette herb about 8-10 cm diam., or forming compact patches up to 30 cm diam. by sympodial growth. Rhizome stout, 4-8 mm diam., loosely fibrous from the remains of sheathing petiolar bases and bearing abundant long fleshy roots c. 1.5 mm diam. Lamina deltoid to orbicular or sub-reniform, 2-3-(4) cm diam., rather thick and firm, glossy bright green above, paler but no less glossy beneath, divided about three-quarter-way into three 3-5- lobed segments, sparsely hairy with penicillate tuft at tip of each lobe. Petiole 1.5-3 cm long, cobwebby on the short, broad, sheathing base, grooved on adaxial surface. Peduncle without bracts, green, often purple-stained at base, clad in fine, cobwebby hairs, very short in flower but elongating to 3-5 cm in fruit, becoming broader upwards. Flowers solitary, 25-30 mm diam.; sepals 5, c. 15 mm long, often emarginate at tips, greenish yellow, finely hairy beneath, almost glabrous above; petals 5, barely or not exceeding sepals, c. 10-12 × 6-8 mm, bright yellow but green in basal third, the base abruptly narrowed; nectary of 3 simple pits per petal, the central one largest; receptacle almost glabrous, pale yellow-green. Fruiting head compact, globose to ovoid, c. 12 mm diam.; achenes numerous, c. 5 mm long; body bulbous, 1.5—2 mm diam.; beak straight and tapering, c. 3 mm long.
Herba rosulata a R. pingui Hook. f. differt foliis profundius divisis, segmentis angustioribus; scapo arachnoideo; petalis quinque, latis, vix rigidis; nectariis tribus; achenii rostro corpore longiore; a R. sericophyllo Hook. differt pubescentia minus densa; foliis minus divisis, segmentis latioribus; scapo basi gradatim angustato; floribus 3 cm brevioribus, petalis sepala aequantibus vel vix superantibus.

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KEY TO THE WILD BUTTERCUPS OF STEWART ISLAND*

1
Petals white; leaves peltate, crenate
Petals yellow or flowers apetalous; leaves neither peltate nor crenate
2
2
Leaf lamina distinctly hairy on one or both surfaces
3
Leaf lamina glabrous or rarely with 1 or 2 hairs
12
3
Leaflets distinctly stalked, at least the terminal one
4
Leaflets sessile or lamina merely lobed or incised
6
4
Stems decumbent, rooting at nodes, but becoming erect in flowering portions; pedicels furrowed
Stems erect or sprawling but never rooting at nodes, often very short; pedicels not furrowed
5
5
Sepals spreading in flower; achenes 10-15 per head, distinctly flattened laterally, 2.5-4 mm, margins thickened
Sepals reflexed in flower; achenes 40-100 per head, only weakly flattened, 1.5-2 mm, margins not thickened
6
Leaf segments narrow-lanceolate, acutely toothed; receptacle glabrous
7
Leaf segments or lobes broad, teeth subacute or obtuse; receptacle at least sparsely hairy
8
7
Stems (30)-60-100 cm tall in flower; flowers >20 mm diam.; achenes 30-50 per head, strongly flattened, margins thickened, beak hooked, 0.5 mm
Stems <30 cm tall in flower; flowers 12-15 mm diam.; achenes 10-25 per head, rounded, margins not thickened, beak straight or slightly curved, 1.5-2 mm
8
Plant with rooting stolons and erect furrowed flowering stems 10-60 cm tall
Plant tufted, lacking rooting stolons; flowering stems erect or sprawling, unfurrowed, <10 cm tall
9
9
Leaves sparsely hairy, more or less glossy
10
Leaves distinctly hairy on one or both surfaces, not at all glossy
11
10
Leaves stiff and brittle with sparse stiff hairs across lamina; flowers and fruiting heads subsessile, the scapes <1 cm tall; achenes brick red, beak hooked, < 1 mm long
Leaves flexible with soft hairs chiefly concentrated into penicillate tufts at segment tips; flowers and fruiting heads distinctly stalked, the scapes at least 2 cm tall; achenes brown or greenish, beak almost straight, at least 3 mm long
11
Nectary very near base of petal; achenes 4-6 per head, 4-5 mm long including the 2-2.5 mm more or less straight beak
Nectary about 1/3 petal-length from base of petal; achenes 30-60 per head, 2.5-4 mm long including the 0.5-1 mm distinctly curved beak
12
Leaves pinnate; plant tufted
Leaves ternate to palmate or ternatifid to palmatifid; rosettes linked by creeping stolons or slender rhizomes
13
13
Leaves firm-textured, leaflets elliptical; flowers and fruiting heads usually sessile or subsessile; achene beak 0.5-1 mm, shorter than achene body
Leaves thin-textured, leaflets narrow-lanceolate; flowers and fruiting heads distinctly stalked; achene beak 1.5-2 mm, longer than achene body

Reproduced with permission from New Zealand Journal of Botany and The Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi.

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3a0cdd11-6a0c-48e6-85f2-78d0eaebead0
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