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Hughes, S.J. 1989: New Zealand fungi 33. Some new species and new records of dematiaceous hyphomycetes. New Zealand Journal of Botany 27(3): 449-459.

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Hughes, S.J. 1989: New Zealand fungi 33. Some new species and new records of dematiaceous hyphomycetes. New Zealand Journal of Botany 27(3): 449-459.
New Zealand Journal of Botany
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Bactrodesmium biformatum (Höhn.) S. Hughes 1983
New Zealand. On corticated branches of Nothofagus sp., Auckland Prov., Mangorewa Gorge. 20.111.1963, S.J.H., DAOM 96129a.
Conidiomata pulvinate, scattered or crowded, punctiform. Conidia ellipsoidal to clavate, pale brown to brown, thick-walled with conspicuous pore in each septum, 4- to 9-septate, mostly 5- to 8-septate, 18-19 X 7.0-7.2 um (4-septate), 18.0-25.2 X 6.8-9.0 um (5-septate), 19.8-30.6(-36) X 6.8-10.0 um (6-septate), 22.5-32.4 x 73-10.0 um (7-septate), 29.7-36.0 X 8.4-9.0 um (8-septate) and a single 9-septate conidium 32.4 X 8.4 um.

=Exosporium biformatum Hohnel Sitzungsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Math.-nat. Cl Ill(l): 1032. 1902.

=Bactrodesmium submoniliforme Holubova Jechova Folia Geobot. Phylotax., Praha 7: 416. 1972

This collection has been compared with the type collections of B. biformatum from Austria (Herb. FH) and of its synonym B. submoniliforme from Czechoslovakia (Herb. Pr), and also single collections from Canada (DAOM 182347), Scotland (DAOM 38970) and another from Czechoslovakia (DAOM 51725) (Hughes 1983). Characteristic features of B. biformatum are the small and paler apical cell of the conidia and the slight constrictions at the septa of mature conidia.

Brachysporiella gayana Bat. 1952
Associated with Endophragmiella novae-zelandiae Hughes on the inner surface of bark of Nothofagus truncata, New Zealand, Westland Granville Forest, Mt Elliott, Ahaura, 2.IV.1963, S.J.H. DAOM 93818g (holotype) PDD 36107 (isotype).
Colonies effuse, dark brown. Mycelium partly superficial, partly immersed, composed of subhyaline to pale brown hyphae 2.0-3.3 um wide. Sporodochia punctiform, crowded, 70-150 um wide, composed of aggregated, subhyaline to brown, closely branched hyphae. Conidiophores straight or flexuous, up to 30 um long, 3.2-5.0 um wide, and at maturity they bear terminally up to 9 successive percurrent proliferations (annelIations). Each proliferation, which arises by the extension of the half-septum remaining after schizolytic secession of the conidium, is hyaline to subhyaline, 2.0-4.5 um long, somewhat cuneiform with thickened lateral walls. Thin secondary septa are formed more or less regularly as the conidiophores proliferate. Conidia arise singly, holoblastically at the apex of conidiophores and of their successive proliferations: they are dry, straight, mostly ellipsoidal, 6- to 8- but predominantly 8-septate rounded at the apex and tapered toward the base, with the distal cells brown and thick-walled and the basal cell hyaline to subhyaline and thin-walled with a flat basal scar. Conidia measure 27-36 X 9-10(-11.8) um (6-septate), 32.4-35.1 x 9-10 um (7-septate) and 31.5-39.5 X 9.0-10.8 um (8-septate).
: in cortice putrido Nothofagi truncatae Nova Zelandia
(Fig. 1) Coloniae effusae, atrobrunneae. Mycelium ex hyphis subhyalinis vel pallide brunneis, 2.0-3.3 um crassis compositum. Sporodochia punctifomia, congesta, 70-150 gin lata ex hyphis ramosis aggregatis composita Conidiophora recta vel flexuosa, subhyalina, ad 30 um longa, 3.2-5.0 um crassa, per usque ad 9 proliferationes successivas (2.0-4.5 um longas) elongascentia. Conidia sicca, singula, primo in apice conidiophori et dein proliferationequoque successive oriunda, recta, plerumque ellipsoidea, 6- ad 8-septata, plerumque 8-septata, cellulis distalibus crasso-tunicatis brunneisque; cellula basalis hyalina vel subhyalina, tenui-tunicata, basicicatrice plana praedita. Conidia 27-36 X 9-10(-11.8) um 32.4-35.1 X 9-10 um (7-septata), 31.5-39.5 X 9.0-10.8 um (8-septata) schizolytice secedentia
Besides the type species, B. masonii (Hughes) M.B. EHis, two additional species have been included in Bactrodesmielia M.B. Ellis up to the present time: these are B. aspidiospermatis Batista, Peres and Gamier, and B. tecotmae Batista and Peres. Both were described from Brazil in Batista et al. (1962) on leaf spots of Aspidiosperma sp. and Tecoma carnaiba respectively. From the illustrated accounts it seems that neither species produces conidia on successive percurrent proliferations of the conidiophores so their disposition in Bactrodesmiella is questionable
mixtus cum Endophragmiellae novaczelandiae interius in cortice putrido Nothtifagi trancatae, Nova Zelandia, 'Westland, Granville Forest, Mt Elliott, Ahaura, 2.1V.1963, S.J.H. DAOM93818g(holotypus), PDD36107(isotypus).
Cordana abramovii E.O. Semen & Davydkina 1983
New Zealand. On wood of Beilschmiedia tarairi, Auckland Prov., Kirk's Bush, Papakura, 15.1.1963, S.J.H. PDD 36105 (DAOM 109508a).
Colonies effuse, black, hairy. Mycelium immersed, composed of pale brown to brown hyphae 3-5 um wide, here and there forming knots of dark brown cells. Conidiophores macronematous, unbranched, scattered or in groups of 2-5 arising from knots of hyphal cells, straight, flexuous or irregularly bent, up to 1200 um long, septate at 30-65 um intervals, sometimes bulbous and up to 15 um wide at the base, then 9.0-11.7 um wide, tapering gradually to 5.5-7.5 um toward the apex, dark brown and thickwalled (to 3 um) toward the base, pale brown and thinner-walled toward the apex which is somewhat swollen (up to 10 um) and which bears flattened to slightly denticulate scars each with a distinct central pore. Following the production of several conidia the conidiophore usually proliferates to produce another fertile swollen apex at a higher level: up to 7 such condiogenous swellings have been seen on condiophores. Conidia produced blastically on successive sympodial proliferations of the conidiophores, dry, broadly ellipsoidal, brown, 1-seplate, with a thick (2.0-3.6 um) layered wall; they are (23.6-)27-31 (-34) x 14.5-18.0 um and 3.5-4.5 um wide at the truncate base with a conspicuous, narrow cylindrical pore in the wall of the scar. Conidia secede schizolytically.
Cordana abramovii was described and illustrated, on fruitbodies of Aphyllophorales and wood of timber supports [pitprops] in mines in North Georgia, USSR, with conidiophores up to 1000 um long and thick-walled conidia 27-31 X 15.0-15.5 um. A collection of the same fungus on rotten wood from Agumbe, Karnataka, India was described and illustrated by Rao & de Hoog (1986) with conidia 18-25 X 12.5-14.0 um. These authors found the conidia of the type collection to be 22-31 X 14.0- um. They also drew attention to the pigmented pore of the septum and scar of the conidia in the USSR and Indian collections. The New Zealand collection also shows these features
Pseudospiropes novae-zealandiae S. Hughes 1989
New Zealand. (1, 2) On decaying bark of Nothofagus fusca, Wellington Prov., Tongariro National Park, Ohakune Mt. Road (750 m), 7.111.1963, SIR, DAOM 178615a, 178616a (holotype) PDD 36106 (isotype).
Colonies effuse, black. Mycelium partly superficial, partly immersed, composed of pale brown to brown hyphae 1.5-3.0 um wide. Conidiophores macronematous, unbranched, scattered and solitary or in groups of 2 to 4, usually straight, sometimes flexuous, up to 265 um long, septate, 9- 10 um wide at the base, cylindrical, 10.0-10.8 um wide toward the apex, very dark brown to black for most of their length, subhyaline to brown toward the apex which bears flattened scars of schizolytically released conidia. Conidia produced blastically on successivesympodial extensions of the conidiophore. They are dry, broadly ellipsoidal to subcylindrical to subovoid with a slightly protuberant scar 1.8-2.0 um wide at the base, very dark brown to almost black, smooth (3-) 5-septate with the terminal and basal cell shorter and paler than the others; the terminal cell has an apical, circular, thin-walled, subhyaline to pale brown zone 3-4 um diam. Conidia measure 34.0-37.8 X 16.2-21.6 um (3-septate), 32.4-39.6x 153-21.6 um (4-septate) and 34-45 X 14.4-20.7 um (5-septate). Often closely associated with Pseudospiropes variabilis.
saepe mixtus cum Pseudospiropede variabili in cortice putrido Nothofagi fuscae. Nova Zelandia
Coloniae effusae, atrae. Mycelium partim superficiale partim in substrato immersum, ex hyphis pallide brunneis vel brunneis, 1.5-3.0 um crassis compositum. Conidiophora singula vel 2-4 aggregata, simplicia, dispersa plerumque recta, aliquando flexuosa, usque ad 265 um longa, septata, basi 9-10 um crassa, cylindrica, atrobrunnea vel atra, apice 10.0-10.8 um crassa, subhyalina vel brunnea, sympodialiter polyblastica, cicatricibus planis conidiorum delapsorum praedita. Conidia sicca, late ellipsoidea vel subcylindrica vel subovoidea, cicatrice 1.8-2.0 um lata interdum in processu dentiformi brevi, atrobrunnea vel fere atra, laevia, ad apicem zona circulari 3-4 um diam., tenuitunicata, subhyalina vel pallide brunnea praedita: (3-)5-septata, cellula apicali basalique brevioribus quam cellulae centrales. Conidia schizolytice secedentia, 34.0-37.8 X16.2-21.6um (3-septata), 32.4-39.6 X 15.3-21.6 um (4-septata), 34-45 X 14.4-20.7 um (5-septata).
mixtus cum Pseudospiropede variabili in cortice putrido Nothofagi fuscae, Wellington Prov., Tongariro National Park, Ohakune Mt. Road (750 m), Nova Zelandia, 7.III. 1963, S.J.H., DAOM 178616a (holotypus), PDD 36106 (isotypus).
Pseudospiropes variabilis S. Hughes 1989

New Zealand. (1-3) on bark of Nothofagus fusca, Wellington Prov., Tongariro National Park, Ohakune Mt. Road (750 m), 7.111.1963, S.J.H. DAOM 109972d, 178615b (holotype), 178616b ; (4,5) on bark of Nothofagus truncata, Auckland Prov., Orere, (4) 20.11.1963, S.J.H., DAOM 97317; (5) 24 . IX. 1963, S.J.H. DAOM 119773b.

Colonies effuse, black. Mycelium immersed, composed of pale brown hyphae 1.5-3.0 um wide, here and there forming knots of dark brown cells. Conidiophores macronematous, unbranched, scattered and solitary or in groups of 2 to 4, arising from knots of hyphal cells, straight or flexuous, up to 350 um long, septate at 18-27 um intervals, cylindrical, 8-9 um wide at the base, 7.2-9.0 um wide toward the apex, very dark brown to black for most of their length, hyaline at the immediate apex, thick-walled, finally strongly denticulate toward the apex with the scars of schizolytically released conidia. Conidia produced blastically on successive sympodial extensions of the condiophore, dry, obovoid to ellipsoidal, brown to dark brown, smooth, (2-)3-7 septate with a single longitudinal septum in one of the cells of occasional 5-, 6-, or 7-septate conidia; they measure 23.4-37.8 X 10.8-15.3 um (3-septate), 32-43 X 10.8-15.5 um (4-septate), 30.6-43.0 X 12.6-14.4 um (5-septate), 37.8-43.0 X 11.7-12.6 um (6-septate), and 42.3-47.7 X 12.6-13.5 um (7-septate), 3.0-4.5 um wide at the truncate base. Often closely associated with Pseudospiropes novae-zelandiae
saepe mix tus cum Pseudospiropede novaezelandiae in cortice putrido Nothofagi fuscae et N. truncatae. Nova Zelandia.
Coloniae effusae, atrae. Mycelium irnmersum ex hyphis pallide brunneis 1.5-3.0 um crassis compositum. Conidiophora singula vel 2-4 aggregata, simplicia, dispersa, recta vel flexuosa, usque ad 350 um longa, septata, basi 8-9 um crassa, cylindrica, atrobrunnea vel atra, sympodialiter poly-blastica, apice 7.2-9.um crassa, hyalina et cicatricibus conidiorum delapsorum fortiter denticulata. Conidia sicca, obovoidea vel ellipsoidea, brunnea vel atrebrunnea, laevia, (2-)3-7-septata, aliquando septo unico longitudinali, basi truncata, ciactrice plana 3.0-4.5 um crassa praedita. Conidia schizolytice secedentia, 23.4-37.8 X 10.8-15.3 um (3-septata), 32-43X 10.8-15.5 um (4-septata), 30.6-43.0 X 12.6-14.4 um (5-septata), 37.8-43.0 X 11.7-12.6 um (6-septata) et 42.3-47.7 X 12.6-13.5 um (7-septata).
The assignment to the genus Pseudospiropes of the new species P. novae-zelandiae and P. variabilis is made with some misgivings, although their inclusion in this genus does not conflict with its current broad circumscription. It is becoming clear, however, that the genus embraces at least two disparate elements. For example, it has been shown by Iturriaga (1984), Iturriaga & Korf (1984) and Iturriaga & Israel (1985) that two unidentified species of true Pseudospiropes [probably P. nodosus (Wallr.) M. B. Ellis, the type species, and P. simplex (Kunze) M. B. Ellis] represent the anamorphs of two different species of the inoperculate discomycete Strossmayeria SchuIzer. On the other hand, Pseudospiropes longipilus (Corda) Holubova-Jechova (=Helminthosporium longipilum Corda) was shown by Hughes (1950) to be an anamorph of the bitunicate pyrenomycete Melanomma subdispersum (Karsten) Berlese and Voglino (=-Sphaeria subdispersa Karst). The two new species of Pseudospiropes with their thin-walled, more or less ellipsoidal conidia are certainly morphologically closer to P. longipilus that to P. nodosus and P. simplex which have fusiform to navicular thickwalled conidia (pseudoseptate,sensu Ellis, 1971, and distoseptate sensu Luttrell, 1963). Notwithstanding such differences, I continue to use the generic name in the broad sense until a revision is possible. It may be added that Eriksson (1981) reported that Moriola descensa Norman (1872) provides an earlier name for Melanomma subdispersum. He gave reasons for excluding the fungus from Melanomma Nitschke ex Fuckel and discussed a more suitable generic disposition.

mixtus cum Pseudospiropede novaezelandiae in cortice putrido Notho/agi fuscae, Wellington Prov., Tongariro National Park, Obakune Mt. Road (750m), Nova Zelandia, 7.111.1963, S.J.H. DAOM 178615b (holotypus).

Trichocladium macrosporum P.M. Kirk 1981
(1, 2) on Cyathodes fasciculata Auckland Prov., (1) Orere, 24.IX. 1963, S.J.H. PDD 21555 (DAOM 96249b); (2) Scenic Drive, near Titirangi, 6.11.1963, S J.H., DAOM 94127b; (3) on Elaeocarpus dentatus, Auckland Prov., Home Track, Upper Piha Valley, Waitakere Range, 9.X. 1963, S J.H., DAOM 109523; (4-9) onRipogonwn scandens, (4-7) Auckland Prov., (4) Cossy's Creek Dam, Hunua 12.11. 1963, S J.H., DAOM 109405a; (5) Kauaeranga Valley, Thames, 4.1X.1963, J. M. Dingley, DAOM 109521b; (6) Whangapoua Saddle, Coromandel Peninsula 5.1X.1963 S.J.H. DAOM 96252b; (7) Summit of Whitianga Road, Coromandel Peninsula (300 m), 21.VIII.1963. S.J.H. DAOM 109512b; (8-9) Westland, Little Wanganui River, Harihari, 6.VI.1963,(8) J.M.D., DAOM 93845e; (9) SJ.H., DAOM 93836c; (10-13) on unidentified rotten wood, Auckland Prov.; (10) Cornwallis, 29.VIII.1963, J.M.D., DAOM 109528; (11-12) Waitakere Range, Rangemore Track, Waiatarua, 15.11.1963, S.J.H., DAOM 93566e, PDD 36104 (DAOM 109561b);(1 3) Anawhata Road, Waitakere Range, (300 m), 3.X. 1963; J.M.D., DAOM 109524
Colonies effuse, black, thin, and granular. Mycelium immersed, composed of smooth, septate, branched, pale olivaceous to pale brown hyphae 1.8-3.6 (-5.0) um wide. Condiophores micronematous, mononematous, simple, straight or more usually flexuous or even partly coiled, 3.0-3.6 um wide, up to 25 um long, arising singly or in groups of 2 to 4 from loose knots of immersed hyphae. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, terminal, determinate, up to 12.5 um long. Conidia variable in shape and size, subcylindrical to ovoid to ellipsoidal to obpyriform, straight or curved, occasionally S-shaped, dark brown to black, brown to pale brown toward the apex, brown at the base, heavily and coarsely verrucose, rounded at the apex, with the basal cell conico-truncate and often less roughened with the place of attachment basal to lateral. Conidia are up to 35(-48) septate with the septa 2 to 9 um apart and often difficult to observe, 45-185(-200) um long and 18.0-25.5 um wide. Secession is apparently rhexolytic and irregular.
On rotten wood and decorticated branches

Trichocladium macrosporum was described originally on dead wood from Devon, England. During my sojourn in New Zealand in 1963 I found the large conidia of the then undescribed fungus firequently on dead wood of various plants, particularly of Ripogonum scandens, but seldom in such numbers to provide adequate herbarium specimens. The transversely multiseptate conidia of T. macrosporum are massive compared with those of the type species, T. asperum Ham, which are predominantly 1 -septate and smaller, 16-25 X 10-15 um.

The roughness of the wall of conidia of T. macrosporum arises from small blister-like inflations of an outer wall layer as found in T. asperum (Hughes 1952), but in the former the inflations are soon torn so that the conidium surface appears irregularly coarse.

Conidia of T. macrosporum, and those of T. novae-zelandiae Hughes(1969), lack the germ pores which are characteristic of the conidia of T. asperum, T. canadense Hughes, and T. pyriforme Dixon.

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11 April 2005
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