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Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944

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Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer, Mycologia 36 367 (1944)
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944

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Indigenous, non-endemic
Uncertain
New Zealand
Political Region
Type locality Cuba. The name is applied in a broad sense. The Australasian species under this name belongs in Gymnopilus [JAC]

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(Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer
Berk. & M.A. Curtis
Singer
1944
367
as 'pyrrhus'
ICN
W. Indies
species
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum

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pyrrhum

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Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944

Cuba: type locality unknown, Wright 38 (K: type); Mt Baracoa, base of El Yunque, Cooper's Ranch, March 1903. Underwood & Earle 1236 (NY, type of Crepidotus substipitatus Murrill). - Lesser Antilles: Dominica: St Paul, Archbold Preserve, Sylvania, 650 m, 4 Nov 1977, Pegler 3167 (K). - Guadeloupe: Basse Terre, Bois des Bains Jaunes, 1886. Duss (FH, type of Crepidotus laceratus Pat.); Pointe Noire, sur souches pourries de Coccolaba uvifera, Duss 1110 (FH). -Venezuela: Edo. Miranda, Guatopo. 800 m, 27 June 1958, Dennis 1162 (K). - USA: Florida, Sebring, Highlands Hammock State Park, 17 Aug 1942, Singer F 265 (Herb. H. Romag-nesi, Paris); same locality, 6 Sept 1942, Singer (FH, Fungi Floridani, F 613). - New Zealand: S-Island. Westcoast: along track from Taylorville to Mt Sewell. 400 m, 31 March 1968, Horak, PDD 27219, (ZT 68/237); Rotomanu, near Lady Lake, on rotten wood of? Dacrydium cupressinum, about 200 m, 25 March 1983, Horak, ZT 2098 - North Island: North Auckland, Omahuta, on rotten wood in forest dominated by Podocarpus spp.. about 300 m, II May 1981, Horak, ZT 542. - New Caledonia: N of Paita, western slopes of Mt Mou, about 700 m, 5 March 1977, Horak, ZT 77/68. - New Guinea: Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands Prov.: Goroka, S of Daulo Pass, on rotten wood in forest dominated by Nothofagus - Castanopsis, 1620 m, 10 Jan 1972, Horak. ZT 72/57; Kainantu. H of Ayura, in forest dominated by Caslanopsis sp., 1600 m, 27 May 1973, Horak, ZT 73/281.
(PDD 27219, ZT 68/237): Pileus 3-25 (-35) mm. hemispherical later becoming ovoid or fan-shaped, irregularely conchiform with lobed inrolled margin, centre convex or expanded, never depressed; at first conspicuously lilac in young specimens, often with pink tinge, original colour soon fading away and cuticle turning brown, argillaceous, pale yellow-brown or cream grey in over-mature specimens; dry, densely covered by silky radially appressed fibrils, margin nonstriate, veil remnants none. Lamellae very crowded, narrow (1-2.5 mm broad), adnate to adnexed; conspicuously lilac at first slowly turning to ochre-brown or rust brown, white edge fimbriate to crenulate. Stipe -6 x -2 mm, cylindrical, eccentric to lateral, strongly curved, occasionally absent and then pileus laterally or sub dorsally attached to substrate; concolorous with pileus; dry, solid, pruinose, occasionally with white rhizoids at base, single in dense groups but never fasciculate; veil remnants none. Context membranaceous in pileus and stipe, brown lilac turning pale brown. Odour not distinctive. Taste like radish. Chemical reactions: KOH - negative. Spore print rust brown. Spores (4-) 4.5-5 x (3-) 3.5-4 µm, ovoid to pip-shaped, supraapicular depression well developed, plage distinct, conspicuously verrucose, warts embedded in distinct perisporium, rust brown. Basidia 15-25 x 4-6 µm, 4-spored. Cheilo-cystidia 12-22 x 3-6 µm, lecythiform, capitate apex -4 µm diam., membrane hyaline, thin-walled, any encrusting or plasmatic pigment absent. Pleurocystidia none. Caulocystidia numerous, shape and size like cheilocystidia. Pileipellis a cutis composed of cylindrical hyphae (2-6 µm diam.), terminal cells not differentiated, non-gelatinised membrane strongly encrusted with yellow-brown pigment not dissolving in KOH. Clamp connections present on all septa.
Cuba (type), Lesser Antilles (Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique), Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil (Rick. 1961), USA, New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Guinea.
On bark and rotten wood of decaying logs and trunks of both deciduous (Fagaceae) and coniferous (Podocarpaceae) trees
Horak (1968), Dennis (1970), Pegler (1983, pl. 17, C-D).

According to the list of known records this rather polymorphic species has been encountered from several localities both in Central America (and adjacent countries) and in Australasia. The eastern collections compare well with the specimens from the Carribean region, which as a notable difference have more robust and larger basidiomes.

The distinctive lilac colour in P. pyrrhum (Pegler 1983, pi. 17 C-D) is only observed in young and fresh material. In old specimens often no trace of lilac tints can be seen. Identifying this taxon that remarkable change of colour must be kept in mind.

P. pyrrhum keys out near P. hepatizon. The two taxa, however, are readily distinguished by several macro characters, viz. size/colour of the basidiomes and shape/point of insertion of the stipe. The microscopical features of these two, in several regions sympatric, taxa are very much alike and therefore the identification of dry material (without detailed notes taken from fresh specimens) can be difficult.

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Gymnopilus pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) B.J. Rees 2002
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer (1944)
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer (1944)
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer (1944)

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Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
New Zealand
Gisborne
Pyrrhoglossum pyrrhum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer 1944
New Zealand
Westland

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taxonomic status
Australasian material is a Gymnopilus but South American a Cortinarius.

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1cb1b7bc-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
scientific name
Names_Fungi
25 March 1993
13 April 2013
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