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Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965

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Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965

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(Berk.) G. Cunn.
Berk.
G. Cunn.
1965
147
ICN
NZ holotype
species
Heterobasidion hemitephrum

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Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965

CUNONIACEAE. Weinmannia racemosa: Auckland, Lake Rotoehu, 450 m; Westland, Waiho, 200 m; Weheka, 180 m. Otago, Horse Shoe Bay, Stewart Island. FAGACEAE. Nothofagus cliffortioides: Wellington, Mt. Holdsworth, Tararua Ranges, 1,200 m; York Bay, 120 m. Nelson, Staircase Creek, Reefton, 700 m. Nothofagus cunninghamii: Victoria, Beenak. Nothofagus fusca.. Auckland, Mamaku Forest, 600 m. Wellington, Tauherenikau Valley, Tararua Ranges, 300 m; York Bay, 130 m; Days Bay, 80 m; Wiltons Bush, 100 m. Nelson, Mt. Mantell, 1,200 m; Little Wanganui River, 200 m; Marble Mountain, Maruia, 850 m. Nothofagus menziesii: Auckland, Mamaku Forest, 600 m. Wellington, Mt. Waiopehu, Tararua Ranges, 700 m. Nelson, Kakapo River, 300 m; Herbert Ranges, 230 m; Little Wanganui River 270 m. Otago, Flagstaff Hill, Dunedin, 700 m; Upper Pike River, 250 m; Lake Manapouri, 120 m; Longwood Ranges, 200 m. LAURACEAE. Beilschmiedia tarairi: Auckland, Mangatangi Valley, Hunua Ranges, 300 m. Beilschmiedia tawa: Auckland, Parahaki, Whangarei, 120 m; Mangatangi Valley, Hunua Ranges, 250 m; Earthquake Flat, Rotorua, 600 m; Whakamarama; Rangitaiki River, Bay of Plenty. MYRTACEAE. Eucalyptus spp: Victoria, Belgrave; Cumberland Valley. PODOCARPACEAE. Dacrydium cupressinum: Westland, Waiho, 200 m. PROTEACEAE. Knightia excelsa: Auckland, Rereatukahia Reserve, Katikati, 110 m. UNKNOWN HOSTS. Auckland, Waikaretu, 120 m; Whakarewarewa, 600 m; Lake Waikaremoana, 600 m. Wellington, Wanganui.

IN KEW HERBARIUM: Collections are the type ex "N.Z., Coromandel, Colenso", "N.Z., Colenso, b262, b375", "N.Z., Hokianga, Berggren", "N.Z., Napier, Colenso", "Q., Brisbane, Cheesman", "N.S.W., Moruya, Cheesman", "Vic., Miss Campbell", "Vic., D.F.P. 2806" filed under Fomes hemitephrus; "Q., Trinity Bay, W. A. Sayer" under the cover of Fomes exotephrus; "Q. Barron River" under Fomes fasciatus; "N.S.W., Richmond River, Mrs Hodgkinson" a resupinate specimen under Poria medulla panis; "N.S.W., Sydney, W. W. Froggatt" communicated by C. G. Lloyd as Fomes martius; and "Samoa, Lloyd" filed under Fomes ferreus.

Hymenophore perennial, solitary, hard and woody, attached by a broad lateral base. Pilei applanate or ungulate, 3-20 cm wide, 3-12 cm radius, 1-10 cm thick; pileus surface at first ochre or fawn, becoming bay banded with greyish zones, tobacco brown or fuscous and concolorous, umber in old specimens or sometimes black, strongly concentrically sulcate, often concentrically banded with different shades of brown, finely tomentose becoming glabrous; cortex to 1 mm thick, chestnut with an orange zone beneath, ligneous, brittle, composed of densely intertwined cemented hyphae with chestnut walls; margin bluntly rounded, or thickened and formed from numerous equal growth layers when concentrically sulcate; hymenial surface at first white or straw, drying isabelline, even, slightly concave or as often convex, with a narrow rounded sterile border 2-3 mm wide. Pores in many often obscure strata (2-18), sometimes with zones of context hyphae between, 3-10 mm deep in each layer, wood colour, round or slightly angular, 6-7 per mm, 50-150 µm diameter; dissepi-ments 50-200 µm thick, commonly 75-100 µm, equal, apices even. Context cream or isabelline, to 15 mm thick, often zoned, of densely intertwined hyphae; skeletal hyphae to 4 µm thick, lumena 1.5-2 µm diameter, aseptate, scantily branched and undulate near ends, staining; generative hyphae to 3 µm diameter, walls thin, not staining, sparsely branched, septate in the subhymenium. Hymenial layer to 20 µm deep, a loose palisade of basidia and paraphyses, soon collapsing. Basidia clavate, 8-10 x 4-5 µm bearing 4 spores; sterigmata erect, to 4 µm long. Paraphyses subclavate, 6-8 x 3.5-4 µm. Spores elliptic-oblong, 4-6 x 2-2.5 µm walls smooth, hyaline, 0.1 µm thick.
New Zealand, Australia, Samoa.
Bark or decorticated wood of standing or fallen trunks, associated with a white heart rot.

One of the most common species in New Zealand, which may be recognised by the usually dark colour of the strongly sulcate pileus surface, conspicuous cortex with an orange zone between it and the context, small pores, usually numerous pore layers, and small elliptical spores. Commonly applanate, pilei may be ungulate or resupinate; each successive pore layer may grow to the edge of the preceding when the margin becomes thick and banded with many concentric sulcate zones, or successive layers may recede, forming islands or irregular obconic fructifications. Pores may be in definite strata each defined by a differently coloured line, or by layers of context hyphae; or in other collections pores may be obscurely stratose, or even appear to be continuous. The hymenial layer soon collapses and appears on walls of dissepiments of mature plants as an amorphous mucilaginous film.

Lloyd (1915a, µm. 215) recorded the species from New Zealand as Fomes hormodermus and from Australia as F. martius. From these Heterobasidion hemitephrum may be separated by the different spores, smaller pores and presence of an orange zone in the context beneath the cortex. This last feature may be absent from young plants, but may be seen where fructifications are in contact with the substratum, and occasionally the surface of the wood is stained orange.

LOCALITY: Coromandel Peninsula, Auckland.

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Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. (1965)
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. (1965)

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Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
New Zealand
Fiordland
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
New Zealand
Southland
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
New Zealand
Taranaki
Heterobasidion hemitephrum (Berk.) G. Cunn. 1965
New Zealand
Waikato

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1cb1b316-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
scientific name
Names_Fungi
29 September 2019
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