Cryptohymenium pycnidiophorum Samuels & L.M. Kohn 1987 [1986]
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Descriptions
Cryptohymenium pycnidiophorum Samuels & L.M. Kohn 1987 [1986]
Cryptohymenium pycnidiophorum is certainly among the most bizarre of the discomycetes. Its fructification appears to be a rhizomorph the tip of which expands to form, simultaneously, the anamorph and the teleomorph. The hymenium is surmounted by the pycnidium and is covered with a layer of pseudoparenchymatous cells that is continuous below over the rhizomorph. The hymenium is exposed when this layer of cells flakes off.
Although the fructification of C. pycnidiophorum is unusual, the dark pigmentation of the receptacular tissues, the green hymenium and the angular cells of the ectal excipulum, and the eustromatic pycnidium combine to indicate that the genus is a member of the Helotiales family Dermateaceae (KORF, 1973). This species bears some similarity to Atropellis Karsten (REID & FUNK, 1966). The hymenium of species of both genera are covered with a tissue that is continuous with the ectal excipulum and that flakes away at maturity. In Atropellis the tissue is hyphal whereas in Cryptohymenium it is distinctly cellular. The covering of Atropellis dehisces through a preformed opening but such an opening was not seen in the covering of C. pycnidiophorum. Tips of the paraphyses in both genera are ensheathed in amorphous material. This material is green in Cryptohymenium, it turns red in 3% KOH and a red pigment is released in that reagent. The material of Atropellis is usually blue-black and a blue-green pigment is released in 3% KOH. The pycnidium of Cryptohymenium is eustromatic (ss. Sutton, 1980) and is anatomically similar to pycnidia of Fuckelia BON., some species of which have been linked to Atropellis (KORF, 1973). We do not know whether the conidia of the Cryptohymenium anamorph are disseminative or spermatial.
Despite diligent efforts, we have not been able to establish a connection to a definite substrate. We note the near constant association of the species with living roots of the usually mycorrhizal genus Nothofagus. It is tempting to suggest a mycorrhizal role for C. pycnidiophorum.