Primary squamules persistent or disappearing, small to medium, 1-2mm long and 0.5-0.7 mm diam., incised, laciniate or crenate, flat, sparse or crowded, upper surface glaucescent or whitish-glaucescent, lower side whitish, yellowish at base, without soredia or slightly granular below. Podetia growing from upper surface of primary squamules, dying below, 15-60 mm tall, 1-2 mm diam., subcylindrical, cups narrow to gradually dilated, regular or oblique, margins subentire to denate-proliferate, proliferations subsolitary or few, apices with cups or blunt, cups commonly in 2-3 tiers, commonly elongated from 15-40 mm, simple or proliferating from cup margins or arising rarely from side branches, imperforate, aggregated, erect. Cortex densely verrucose-isidiate or squamulose-furfuraceous, soredial granules thickly verrucuse and squamulose, dispersed or ± continuous towards base, yellowish-white or pale glaucescent,decorticate areas whitish, brownish and ± continuously corticate at base. Apothecia red, at tips of podetia 1-4 mm diam., solitary or ± confluent, pectinate. Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, KC-, Pd+ yellow. Thamnolic and usnic acids.