de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D. A.; Crowcroft, G. M. 2000: Taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of Atriplex billardierei and A. hollowayi sp. nov. (Chenopodiaceae) in Australasia. New Zealand Journal of Botany 38(4): 551–567.
Details
de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D. A.; Crowcroft, G. M. 2000: Taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of Atriplex billardierei and A. hollowayi sp. nov. (Chenopodiaceae) in Australasia. New Zealand Journal of Botany 38(4): 551–567.
Article
Taxonomic concepts
Theleophyton billardierei (Moq.) Moq.
Descriptions
Decumbent, sprawling lightly branched, succulent. leafy, monoecious, annual herb, forming circular mats or Iow mounds within sand, to 2 or 3 m diam. Branches 20-150 mm long, succulent, cream or yellow, rooting at nodes; exposed surfaces coated with deciduous, watery, spherical, glistening papillae. Cotyledons (5-)10- 12 × (3-)5(-7) mm, succulent, Pale yellow, margins entire; these followed by 2-3 Pairs of ± sinuate, or lobed juvenile leaves. Adult leaves (5-)10(-20) × (2-)5(-7) mm, oblong-obovate, ovate, elliptic, or lanceolate, green to glaucous-green, succulent. Petioles short 0.5-1 mm. Leaf surface glabrous, sparsely to densely covered in deciduous watery, spherical, glistening papillae; apex and base obtuse; margin entire, very rarely with one or two lobes. Male flowers axillary, in clusters of 3-4, rarely single; occasionally with rudimentary stigma; perianth lobes 5 , green or pale cream, 1.2 mm long, elliptic-oblong, apex inflexed, cucullate, margins laciniate-crenate, abaxial surface covered in watery papillae; stamens 5 , filaments 0.6 mm long, white, anthers 0.2 mm long, oblong, basifixed, pollen sulphur yellow. Female flowers minute, (1-) 1.5(-2) mm, shortly stipitate, borne in leaf axils, either solitary, or in pairs, usually accompanied by a short shoot with one pair of reduced leaves. Peduncles minute, 0.25 mm long. Perianth absent; bracteoles fused for ¾ of their length, lips entire; external bracteole surfaces entirely covered in watery, spherical, glistening, papillae 0.2-0.3 mm diam.; style connate, stigmas 2, 1-1.3 mm, white, half exserted, tapering-terete, 0.1-0.2 mm diam., exserted portion with antrorse papillae. Ovary flattenedat right angles to lips, 0.5 mm diam., sessile or almost so. Fruiting bracteoles (3.3-)5(-9.5) × (2.2-)3.7(-6) mm, light brown or tan, subsessile or shortly stipitate; urceolate, valves rigidly hsed for ¾ of their length, swollen toward base, corky, otherwise coriaceous with an entire margin, apex usually entire, rarely finely crenate, or fimbriate; Surface densely coated in watery papillae 0.2-0.3 mm diam. Seed circular in outline, convex, (1.8-)2(-4) mm diam., testa chestnut-brown, maturing to purple- brown, fading to black in herbarium specimens, surface matt, ± smooth, Or finely rugose; radicle lateral erect. FL Oct-Apr; FT Nov-May.
Erect to decumbent. densely branched. succulent, leafy, monoecious, annual herb, forming circular mounds within sand 0.8-1.2 m diam. Branches 10-50 mm long, succulent, creamy yellow, rooting at nodes; exposed surfaces coated with deciduous, watery, spherical, glistening papillae. Cotyledons 2 4 × 3 4 mm, succulent, pale yellow, margins entire. Leaves without discernible juvenile phase (2-)6(- 12) × ( 1-)3(-6) mm, oblong- obovate, ovate, elliptic, or lanceolate, green to glaucous-green, succulent. Petioles short, 0.2- 0.5 mm. Leaf surface glabrous, sparsely to densely covered in deciduous watery, spherical, glistening papillae; apex and base obtuse; margin distinctly irregular-dentate. Male flowers axillary, in clusters of 2-4, rarely single; occasionally with rudimentary stigma; perianth lobes 5, green or pale-cream, 0.8- 1 mm long, elliptic-oblong, apex inflexed, cucullate, margins f crenate, abaxial surface densely covered in watery papillae; stamens 5, filaments 0.6 mm long, white, anthers 0.2 mm long, oblong, apicifixed; pollen sulphur yellow. Female flowers minute, (0.8-)1(-1.2) mm, shortly stipitate, borne in leaf axils, either solitary, or in pairs, usually accompanied by a short shoot with one pair of reduced leaves. Peduncles minute, 0.15 mm long. Perianth absent; bracteoles, fused for ± ½ their length, lips triangular obtuse, 0.4 mm, laciniate, fimbriate or entire; external bracteole surfaces entirely covered in watery, spherical, glistening, papillae 0.15-0.19 mm diam.; styles 2 not at all connate, stigmas 2, 0.7- 1 mm, white, upper half exserted, tapering-terete, 0.1-0.2 mm diam., exserted portion with antrorse papillae. Ovary flattened at right angles to lips. 0.4 mm diam., sessile or almost so. Fruiting bracteoles (2.8-)3.3(4) × (1.5-)2(-2.3) mm, straw- yellow, subsessile or shortly stipitate; urceolate, valves weakly fused for ½ of their length, somewhat swollen toWard base, distinctly chartaceous, frequently torn or frayed so as to expose seed, with an entire margin, apex fimbriate or entire, outer surface densely coated in watery papillae 0.2- 0.3 mm diam. Seed circular in outline, convex, (0.9-) 1.5(-2) mm diam., testa at first chestnut- brown, maturing to purple-brown, and fading to black with age, surface matt, ± smooth. finely pitted or rugose; radicle lateral. erect. FL Oct-Apr: FT Nov-May.
Differt Atriplex billurdierei Staturae parviore, habito suberecto ramosissimo, foliis parvioribus irregulater sinuatis-dentatis, bracteolis chartaceis parvioribus, semine parvioribus.
Identification keys
Key to A. hollowayi and A. billardierei
1
Adult leaves irregularly dentate, (2-)6(-12) × (1-)3(-6) mm, bracteoles chartaceous, seeds (0.9-)1.5(-2) mm diameter
Adult leaves entire, (5-)10(-20) × (2-)5(-7) mm, bracteoles coriaceous, seeds (1.8-)3(-4) mm diameter
Reproduced with permission from New Zealand Journal of Botany and The Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi.
Cited scientific names
Metadata
76eee4ef-3d03-40ad-94a4-c35d2313c9cf
reference
Names_Plants
18 May 2004