Description of Xanthomonas translucens pv. pistaciae pv. nov. X. translucens pv. pistaciae was a motile Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium of about 0.4×1.5 μm in size [5]. It produced typical pale yellow, mucoid and domed colonies on Sucrose Peptone Agar [5]. All strains had an oxidative metabolism of glucose, produced H2S, grew at 36 °C, were positive for starch, gelatin and esculin hydrolysis but were oxidase and urease negative and did not grow in the presence of 5% NaCl [13]. All strains metabolized α-keto glutaric acid, d, l-lactic acid, bromosuccinic acid, l-alaninamide, l-alanine, l-alanylglycine, l-glutamic acid and l-serine [13]. X. translucens pv. pistaciae A and X. translucens pv. pistaciae B differed in their ability to digest milk proteins, reaction in litmus milk, ice nucleation activity at 4 °C and ability to induce a hypersensitive reaction on tobacco leaves [13]. Natural hosts [5]: pistachio (P. vera). Hosts indicated by inoculation [5] and [13]: P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. sinensis, P. palaestina, Rhus tripartita, Schinus latifolius, S. lentiscifolius, S. polygamus, Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), T. durum (durum wheat), Hordeum vulgare (barley), H. leporinum (barley grass), Secale cereale (rye), Avena sativa (oat), Bromus inermis (smooth brome) and B. diandrus (brome grass), X Triticosecale (triticale), Phleum pratense (timothy), Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) and Lolium rigidum (annual rye grass). Rhus leptodictya and Avena fatua (common wild oat) were not hosts. X. translucens pv. pistaciae A also infected P. lentiscus and Lolium perenne (perennial rye grass). The pathotype strain is X. translucens pv. pistaciae A, ICMP 16316 (also referenced as NCPPB 4448). The reference strain for X. translucens pv. pistaciae B is ICMP 16317 (also referenced as NCPPB 4449).