Herb, up to 50 cm diam., forming loose or compact mats. Leaves up to 50 × 2 mm, narrowly lanceolate to ± linear; lamina narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate; adaxial and abaxial surfaces green, green-brown, to brown, usually glossy; adaxial surface convex; abaxial surface ± flat; apex obtuse; base attenuate; petiole indistinct and grading into lamina; old leaves yellow to orangeyellow. Involucral leaves 1.2–2.2 × 2.6–3.0 mm, redbrown, red-green, to brown-green; lateral fold present; apex subacute. Flowers 8.0–11.0 mm diam. Tepals 4.5–5.5 × 2.5–2.7 mm, broadly elliptic to obovate, white at maturity—in bud sometimes flushed pink, not overlapping; apex obtuse, not notched; claw weakly differentiated. Nectary orange-brown. Filaments 3.2–3.6 mm long, >½ tepal length, white but rarely flushed pink. Anthers 0.7- 0.8 × 0.3-0.4 mm, pink to pink-red. Ovary 0.8-2.1 × 0.8-1.7 mm, obovoid, green-brown to olive-green; sutures not prominent. Style 2.0-2.3 mm long; slightly spreading at base, white with base flushed green. Stigmatic branches 0.9-1.5 mm long, white, straight prior to spreading. Capsule 1.8-2.1 × 1.7- 2.0 mm. Seeds 1.2-1.8 × 1.1-1.6 mm, slightly to moderately rugose, dark brown to black-brown. FL Dec-Feb; FT Jan-Mar .

Herb, up to 70 cm diam., forming loose to compact mats. Leaves up to 32(— 40) × 1.6 mm; lamina narrowly lanceolate to near linear, slightly sinuate and/or falcate; adaxial and abaxial surfaces green, base of lamina and petiole often mottled, slightly glossy; adaxial surface concave; abaxial surface convex; apex subacute to acute; base attenuate; petiole indistinct; old leaves yellow. Involucral leaves 1.5—2.1 × 1.8—2.0 mm, green; sometimes with a small lateral fold; apex subacute to obtuse. Flowers 8.0—12.0 mm diam. Tepals 4.2— 7.0 × 1.7—2.5 mm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, white, not overlapping; apex subacute to obtuse, sometimes with a small v-notch; claw weakly differentiated. Nectary yellow. Filaments 2 .5—3.0 mm long, < ½ tepal length, white. Anthers 0.6—0.9 × 0.4—0.5 mm, pink to pink-red. Ovary 0.4—1.0 × 0.6—0.8 mm, obovoid, green; sutures prominent. Style 2.0— 2.5 mm long; slightly bulbous at base, white with base flushed green. Stigmatic branches 1.0—1.8 mm long, white, curved across each other prior to spreading. Capsule 2.2—2.7 × 1.7—2.2 mm. Seeds 1.1—1.5 × 0.9—1.4 mm, smooth to slightly rugose, brown to red-brown, occasionally dark brown. FL Oct—Feb; FT Nov—Apr.

A N. calycina foliis tenuioribus, sinuolatis, interdum falcatis, tepalis ellipticis, filamentis brevioribus, ovario suturas prominente s habente, cruribus stigmatis primum curvatis deinde divergentibus, habitatione in rivis rivulisque distinguenda.

Herb, up to 5 cm diam., forming loose to compact small mats. Leaves up to 15 × 1.1 mm; lamina 1–3 mm long, elliptic to rhomboid; adaxial and abaxial surfaces green, slightly glossy; adaxial surface convex; abaxial surface concave; apex subacute; base attenuate to cuneate; petiole distinct; old leaves yellow. Involucral leaves 1.5–1.6 × 1.6–2.2 mm, green; lateral fold present; apex obtuse. Flowers 4.8–6.2 mm diam. Tepals 2.1–3.6 × 1.3–2.3 mm, obovate, white, overlapping; apex subacute, not notched; claw not differentiated. Nectary green. Filaments 1.6–2.4 mm long, > ½ tepal length, white. Anthers 0.3–0.4 × c. 0.2 mm, pink to pink-red. Ovary 0.6–0.8 × 0.8–0.9 mm, obovoid, green; sutures not prominent. Style 0.9–1.2 mm long; slightly bulbous at base, white with base flushed green. Stigmatic branches 0.9–1.0 mm long, white, straight prior to spreading. Capsule 1.5–1.7 × 1.0–1.4 mm. Seeds 1.0–1.4 × 0.9–1.2 mm, moderately to strongly rugose, black. FL Dec–Feb; FT Jan–Mar.

A N. calycina foliis brevioribus, viridibus, laminam ellipticam vel rhombeam habentibus, petiolo distincto, tepalis, ovario, stylo, filamentis seminibusque distincte brevioribus, habitatione non nisi in solis tenuibus et in marmore in humore per terras percolato distinguenda.

Herb, up to 20 cm diam., forming loose to compact mats. Leaves up to 35 × 3.2 mm, spathulate; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic; adaxial and abaxial surfaces red-brown to red, usually dull; adaxial surface ± flat or sometimes slightly concave; abaxial surface ± flat or sometimes slightly convex; apex obtuse; base attenuate; petiole usually distinct but grading into lamina base; old leaves orange to orange-yellow. Involucral leaves 3.1–3.5 × 3.2–3.5 mm, red-brown; lateral fold absent or indistinct; apex obtuse. Flowers 9.5–14 mm diam. Tepals 4.8–7.9 × 2.3–4.6 mm, broadly elliptic to obovate, white in bud and at maturity—usually flushed pink, not overlapping; apex obtuse, rarely notched; claw weakly differentiated. Nectary green. Filaments 2.8–3.8 mm long, slightly > or ± = ½ tepal length, white. Anthers 0.7–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm, pink to pink-red. Ovary 0.9–1.2 × 0.8–1.0 mm, obovoid, red-green to brown-green; sutures not prominent. Style 2.4–3.1 mm long; white with base flushed green. Stigmatic branches 1.2–1.6 mm long, white, straight prior to spreading. Capsule 2.4–2.7 × 1.7– 2.1 mm. Seeds 1.4–1.7 × 1.2–1.6 mm, slightly to moderately rugose, dark brown, red-brown, to black. FL Nov–Jan; FT Dec–Mar.

A N. calycina foliis crassioribus, rubro-brunneis vel rubris, tepalis plerumque roseo-tinctis, filamentis brevioribus, ovario rubro-vel brunneo-tincto, et habitatione in rudere stabile e particulas subtiles composito distinguenda.

Herb, forming loose t o compact mats of stems and leaves; frequently intertwined with other herbs. Leaves up to 30(–90) × 1.2(–1.5) mm, linear; lamina linear, sometimes slightly falcate, adaxial and abaxial surfaces green to green-brown, sometimes mottled, slightly glossy; adaxial and abaxial surfaces ± flat; apex subacute to acute; petiole and lamina indistinct; old leaves yellow. Involucral leaves 1.0–1.8 × 1.7–1.8 mm, green; sometimes with a small lateral fold; apex obtuse. Flowers 6.0–10.0 mm diam. Tepals 3.2–5.5 × 2.0– 3.1 mm, broadly elliptic to obovate, white, usually overlapping; apex obtuse to subacute, sometimes with a small notch; claw weakly differentiated. Nectary yellow. Filaments 2.2–3.4 mm long, > ½ tepal length, white, sometimes flushed pink. Ovary 0.6–0.65 × 0.6–0.75 mm, obovoid, green; sutures often with a slight red flush, rarely prominent. Style 1.6-1.8 mm long; white with base often flushed red. Stigmatic branches 1.4-1.7 mm long, white, straight prior to spreading. Anthers c. 0.5 × c. 0.3 mm, pink to pink-red. Capsule 1.5-1.8 × 1.3-1.8 mm. Seeds 0.9-1.0 × 0.8-0.9 mm, slightly to moderately rugose, dark brown to black. FL Nov-Feb; FT Dec-Mar.

A N. calycina foliis angustis, linearibus, tenuioribus, ovario et capsula et seminibus minoribus, base styli atque apice ovarii plerumque rubrotincto, habitatione in marginibus lacuum atque ad lacunas montanas ordinate inundatas distinguenda.

Perennial herbs, stoloniferous, forming dense, close-set mats or cushions, often in tufts when growing among other vegetation. Stems and leafy shoots up to 3 mm diam., white, fleshy; procumbent, creeping on or just below the ground; internodes close to distant, rooting at nodes. Leaves alternate, spreading or erect, simple, linear, narrowly lanceolate to elliptic; apex subacute to obtuse, with a single prominent hydathode; petioles indistinct to distinct; margin entire; base membranous, scarious, shortly sheathing, persistent; stomata sparse on adaxial and abaxial surfaces; epidermal cells elongated, mesophyll homocentric. Inflorescences erect, lateral, cymose; peduncle up to 4 cm long; pedicels up to 30 mm long, often recurved after fertilisation; flowers 1–7 per inflorescence. Involucral leaves 2, equal, broadly ovate, apex obtuse, margin membranous, shorter than capsule. Tepals 5, equal, elliptic to obovate, white, sometimes flushed pink, ± patent at anthesis; claw indistinct to distinct, fused at base. Stamens 5, translucent, equal, to ¾ length of tepals, adnate to base of tepals; connective fixed at apex of anther. Anthers ovoid, extrorse, protandrous. Ovary obovoid, with 3 ovules. Style distinct from ovary, with three stigmatic branches, terete, translucent, white or pink; abscising after fertilisation. Stigmatic branches erect and coalescent during male phase, diverging during the female phase; papillae coarse, on adaxial surface only. Capsule ± globose, valves 3, swollen along sutures; valves at maturity dehiscent, dehiscence weakly explosive. Seeds 3 or fewer per capsule, laterally flattened, broadly obovoid; attachment plate small, ± concave with distinct flat strophiole; testa smooth to rugose, cells arranged in regular to irregular pattern, glossy; operculum present. Chromosome number 2n = 96.

Herb, up to 40 cm diam., forming loose sparse tufts, rarely forming compact mats. Leaves up to 30 × 1.8 mm, narrow and approaching linear; lamina narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate; adaxial and abaxial surfaces brown to green-brown, usually glossy; adaxial surface convex; adaxial surface flat to sometimes slightly concave; apex subacute to obtuse; petiole indistinct and grading into lamina base; old leaves red-brown to orange-red. Involucral leaves 2.3–2.4 × 2.3–2.4 mm, red-brown; lateral fold absent; apex obtuse. Flowers 8.0–12.0 mm diam. Tepals 4.0–6.2 × 2.2— 3.5 mm, broadly elliptic to obovate, white and flushed pink in bud and when mature, not overlapping; apex obtuse, sometimes with a shallow notch; claw not, or only weakly, differentiated. Nectary orange-yellow. Filaments 2.2–2.5 mm long, ≤½ tepal length, white, distinctly curved at apex. Anthers 0.8–1.1 × 0.6–0.7 mm, cream. Ovary 0.6–0.7 × 0.6– 0.7 mm, obovoid, red-brown to red-green; sutures not prominent. Style 1.1–1.3 mm long; flushed pink. Stigmatic branches 1.2 mm long, fluorescent pink, straight prior to spreading. Capsule 2.1–2.2 × 2.2– 2.3 mm. Seeds 1.2–1.4 × 1.1–1.2 mm, slightly to moderately rugose, dark brown. FL Nov–Jan; FT Dec–Mar.

Herb, up to 80 cm diam., forming loose to compact mats, sometimes up to several metres across, often intertwined with other herbs. Leaves up to 40 × 4(—7 .2) mm, spathulate; lamina narrowly elliptic to broadly elliptic; adaxial and abaxial surfaces green, base of lamina and peti - ole often mottled, usually dull; adaxial surface ± flat to slightly concave; abaxial surface ± flat to slightly convex; apex subacute to obtuse; base attenuate; petiole distinct to indistinct, when indistinct grading into lamina base; old leaves yellow. Involucral leaves 1.8—2.7 × 2.7—3.5 mm, green; usually with a lateral fold; apex obtuse. Flowers 10.0—20.0 mm diam. Tepals 5.0—10.0 × 2.6—6.0 mm, broadly elliptic to obovate, white, not overlapping; apex obtuse, almost always with a conspicuous notch; claw differentiated. Nectary orange. Filaments 3.9—7.4 mm long, > ½ tepal length, white. Anthers 0.8—1.0 × c. 0.3 mm, pink to pink-red. Ovary 0.9—1.8 × 0.8— 1.4 mm, obovoid, green; sutures not prominent. Style 2.5—4.2 mm long; rarely slightly bulbous at base, white with base flushed green. Stigmatic branches 1.4—2.0 mm long, white, straight prior to spreading. Capsule 2.3—2.7 × 1.9—2.5 mm. Seeds 1.3—1.5 × 1.1—1.4 mm, slightly to moderately rugose, dark brown to black. FL Nov—Feb; FT Dec—Mar.