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Wells, K.; Raitviir, A. 1975: The species of Bourdotia and Basidiodendron (Tremellaceae) of the U.S.S.R. Mycologia 67(5): 904-922.

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Wells, K.; Raitviir, A. 1975: The species of Bourdotia and Basidiodendron (Tremellaceae) of the U.S.S.R. Mycologia 67(5): 904-922.
Mycologia
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Basidiodendron caesiocinereum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Luck-Allen 1963
Basidiocarps waxy to arid waxy, effused, adnate, whitish to pale gray, pruinose; upon drying forming a pale gray to light buff layer, continuous to more often porous-reticulate, pruinose, thicker specimens often cracking, margins thinner, lighter, usually porous-reticulate; in section 25-200 µm, consisting of a thin, obscure, prostrate hyphal layer that is often agglutinate, giving rise to an ascending layer of fertile hyphae and gloeocystidia, hymenium sometimes poorly defined and interrupted; 2 or more growth strata rarely present; gloeocystidia abundant, subcylindrical, subobclavate, or subfusiform, becoming yellow-granular and flexuous, often retaining apical staining dome, 14-40(-60) x (4-)5-8(-9) µm, sometimes swelling up to 18 µm in diam; dikaryophyses very scanty, simple to little branched, arising from the fertile hyphae, rarely extending beyond the basidial level, 1-2 µm in diam; fertile hyphae 1.5-3.5 µm, tortuous, forming basidia in clusters at the apex, in thicker specimens ensheathed by collapsed basidia; hypobasidia obovate to ovate or suburniform, usually with 4 hypobasidial segments, with obscure basal clamp connection, (10-)12.5-18(-19) x 7-11 µm ; epibasidia faintly differentiated or absent, cylindrical, tapering gradually into subulate sterigma, 1.5-2.5 µm in diam at the base, up to 10(-12) µm in length; basidiospores subglobose with conspicuous peglike base, which is up to 1-2 µm in length, often developing thickened, punctate to echinulate wall, (6-)7-9 x (5-)6.5-8.5 µm including the peglike base, germination by repetition not observed.
Known from North America, Hawaii, Europe, U.S.S.R., Morocco, New Zealand.
On decaying angiosperm and coniferous wood.
Type locality. - Lengerich, West Germany.
Basidiodendron cinereum (Bourdot & Galzin) Luck-Allen 1963
Basidiocarps waxy to coriaceous-waxy, effused, adnate, grayish hyaline; upon drying forming a thin, cinerous to ochraceous-gray layer, surface porous-reticulate to continuous, often pruinose ; in section 25-200 µm, consisting of a narrow, prostrate hyphal layer composed of thin-walled, often indistinct hyphae, 2-3.5 µm in diam, and an ascending layer of gloeocystidia and fertile hyphae ; in some specimens 2 or more growth strata present, each composed of prostrate and ascending layers; gloeocystidia abundant, hyaline, becoming yellow-granular and flexuous, often retaining an apical staining dome, subcylindrical or subfusiform, sometimes with a knoblike base, (15-)20-45(-100) x (3-)5.5-10(-13) µm; dikaryophyses very sparse, simple to little branched, arising from the fertile hyphae, rarely extending beyond the developing basidia, 1-2 µm in diam; fertile hyphae tortuous, 1.5-4 µm in diam, bearing basidia in clusters at the apex, in thicker specimens collapsed basidia forming an involucrelike sheath along the axis; hypobasidia ovate to obovate, less often subglobose, guttulate, usually with 4 segments, with obscure basal clamp connections, (12-)14-18(-20) x (9-)10-15(-16) µm; epibasidia present or absent, cylindrical, tapering gradually apically into subulate sterigmata, 2-4 µm in diam at base, up to 15(-25) µm in length; basidiospores oblong, broadly elliptical, broadly ovate and adaxially depressed, to subglobose, guttulate, (8-)10-12(-13) x (5.5-)6.5-9 µm, capable of germinating by repetition.
Known from North and South America, Europe, U.S.S.R., Society Islands, Marshall Islands, New Zealand.
On decaying angiosperm and coniferous wood.
Type locality.-Trento, Italy.
Basidiodendron cremeum (McNabb) K. Wells & Raitv. 1975
Specimen examined.-R.S.F.S.R., Amurskaya Oblast', Mogot (Stanovoy Mts. ), on Salix sp., 29-VII-1961, E. Parmasto, TAA 7148. The holotype of Sebacina cremea McNabb (i.e., New Zealand: Auckland Prov., Thames, on Melicyus rami floras Forst., 26-IX-1954, J.M. Dingley, PDD 25006) was also studied.
Basidiocarps arid waxy to firm waxy gelatinous, effused, hyaline to pallid gray; upon drying forming a thin, grayish-white, porous-reticulate layer or a light to dark buff, vernicose crust, surface pruinose, sometimes cracking; margins adnate, usually lighter and fibrillose to porous-reticulate; in section 65-300 µm in thickness, consisting of a basal layer of prostrate hyphae giving rise to an ascending layer of fertile hyphae, gloeocystidia, and a few dikaryophyses, subhymenial hyphae thin walled with clamp connections, indistinct, becoming agglutinate, 1.5-3 µm in diam ; 2 or more growth strata sometimes formed; gloeocystidia abundant, subcylindrical, becoming yellow-granular and flexuous, often with hyaline, staining apex, sometimes with knoblike base laterally attached, 19-75 x 4-9.5 µm; dikaryophyses sparse, simple to sparingly branched, 1-2 µm in diam; fertile hyphae forming basidia in dense lateral cluster or in close acropetal series, in thicker specimens surrounded by a loose involucre like sheath of collapsed basidia, sometimes branching, 2-4 µm in diam; hypobasidia elongate-elliptical, ovate, obovate, to clavate, more rarely pyriform, usually with 4 hypobasidial segments, with basal clamp connection, 14-22.5 x 9.5-13 µm; epibasidia tubular, somewhat attenuate, up to 21 µm in length, 2-3.5 µm in diam at the base; basidiospores allantoid, guttulate, (13-)14-19 x 4.5-7 µm, capable of germination by repetition.
Known from New Zealand.
Known only on decaying wood of Salix sp. and Melicytus ramiflorus.
Illustration.-McNabb, R. F. R. 1969. New Zealand J. Bot. 7: 251. Fig. 2, a-d.

Basidiodendron cremeum is clearly distinguished by the large allantoid basidiospores, the large basidia that are often obovate to clavate, or even pyriform, at maturity, and the well developed, tubular epibasidia. Basidia not forming distinct epibasidia are rare.

The features of the hymenium of the Russian collection are identical with those of the holotype; however, the two specimens differ in internal structure and in macroscopic aspect. Thus, we are somewhat reluctant in assigning the Russian collection to B. cremeum.

In TAA 7148 there is a relatively thick basal layer of agglutinate hyphae containing flexuous gloeocystidia. On this layer is a thin, prostrate layer giving rise to an ascending layer of fertile hyphae and gloeocystidia. Evidently the thicker basal layer represents the earlier development of the basidiocarp that has collapsed due to adverse environmental conditions. Portions of the type are composed of five growth strata, whereas near the margins of the portion examined often only a single growth stratum is present. These differences in structure can be attributed, we believe, to divergent environmental conditions during growth. Such variations have been observed in other more common species, such as B. cinereum and B. eyrei.

The type collection is continuous and grayish buff when dry, but portions near the margins are porous-reticulate. The Russian collection when dry is porous-reticulate to fibrillose and grayish white. These differences are possibly correlated with the fact that the type is a much thicker specimen (100-300 µm) than the Russian collection (65-190 µm). The Russian collection has only a single, organized growth stratum, and the hymenium is interrupted.

We believe these differences in internal structure and macroscopic aspect are probably due to different substrata, different environmental conditions during basidiocarp development, or possibly different ages at the time of collection. Since such variations have been observed frequently in other species of Basidiodendron, it would not be advisable at this time to base a new species on the Russian collection.

Bourdotia galzinii (Bres.) Torrend 1913
Basidiocarps waxy gelatinous, effused, adnate, when fresh hyaline with pallid yellow or bluish tint; upon drying becoming a nearly invisible film to an ochraceous to dark brown, vernicose layer, usually with a vinaceous tinge; surface smooth to undulate, pruinose to faintly granulose ; in section basidiocarps 75-650 µm in thickness, consisting of a narrow, basal, prostrate layer composed of indistinct, agglutinate hyphae, 2-3 µm in diam and a broad ascending layer composed of gloeocystidia, dikaryophyses, and fertile hyphae ; several growth layers sometimes present, each consisting of prostrate and ascending layers; gloeocystidia initially hyaline but developing yellow-granular contents and becoming flexuous, subcylindrical to narrow subclavate or subfusiform, 30-175(-250) x (2-)3-7.5 µm, sometimes extending through 1 or more strata; dikaryophyses numerous, with long, irregular, apical branches, nodulose, 1-2 µm in diam, forming a relatively distinct layer above the hypobasidial layer; fertile hyphae nodulose, forming basidia by proliferation through or near a subbasidial clamp connection, 1.5-3 µm in diam; basidia petiolate, arising as narrow clavate or pyriform probasidia and becoming differentiated into basal stalks and terminal hypobasidia ; stalks subcylindrical, usually expanding apically, 5-36.5 x 2-4.5 µm; hypobasidia elongate, oval, to narrow obovate, with 2 to 4 hypobasidial segments, (10.5-)14-24 x 8.5-13.5 µm; epibasidia cylindrical, up to 50 µm in length, 2-4 µm in diam; basidiospores short cylindrical-curved elliptical, or ovate and flattened adaxially, (8-)9-13 x (4.5-)5.5-8 µm, capable of germinating by repetition.
Known from southern North America (i.e., Louisiana) ; Central and South America, including the Galapagos Islands; Hawaii; Marshall Islands; Society Islands; New Zealand; England; France; Germany; Czechoslovakia; Morocco.
On decaying angiosperm wood.

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1cb0f01f-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
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Names_Fungi
18 March 2001
27 June 2003
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