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Segedin, B.P.; Buchanan, P.K.; Wilkie, J.P. 1995: Studies in the Agaricales of New Zealand: new species, new records and renamed species of Pleurotus (Pleurotaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 8: 453-482.

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Segedin, B.P.; Buchanan, P.K.; Wilkie, J.P. 1995: Studies in the Agaricales of New Zealand: new species, new records and renamed species of Pleurotus (Pleurotaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 8: 453-482.
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A full description of L. crawfordii will be given in a treatment of the genus elsewhere.
Holotype part of Stevenson 720, on fallen rotting wood, Nelson, A. Crawford, 6.vii.1949, K (also containing material of P. purpureo-olivaceus (Stevenson) Segedin et al.).

Resupinatus crawfordii Stevenson, Kew Bull. 19: 22 (1964). non Lentinellus crawfordii Stevenson, Kew Bull. 19: 20 (1964).

In his revision of the Agaricales of New Zealand, Horak (1971) appears to have been confused by the same epithet having been applied by Stevenson (1964) to two pleurotoid fungi, namely Lentinellus crawfordii and Resupinatus crawfordii. In his list, Horak (1971) cited Resupinatus (Lentinellus) crawfordii, seeming to indicate that he- considered the two species to be the same. He noted that `the identification of Stevenson cannot be confirmed because carpophores of the type material are sterile. As shown above, Lentinellus crawfordii is easily recognised and a good species. However, the type material of R. crawfordii (Stevenson 718, on fallen Nothofagus menziesii, Nelson, A. Crawford, 6. vii. 1949, K) is certainly in a poor state, and little detail of the hymenium could be gleaned. Spores were found, however, which were short cylindric to slightly allantoid and strongly amyloid, and there were densely staining amyloid remains of spores clinging to the hymenium. The cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia are difficult to determine accurately, but the lamellar edge is sterile and appears to consist of short, clavate cheilocystidia. The trama is dense, of more or less parallel, thickish-walled hyphae of 3-5 µm diameter. The subhymenium is cellular, very densely compacted of narrow, somewhat thick-walled hyphae. The context is of very narrow (2-3 µm in diameter), loosely interwoven hyphae with large clamp connections. The pileipellis appears to be only little differentiated, with repent hyphae with coiled, slightly inflated hyphal endings. The stipe is short and stout, with distinctly velvety to fibrillose surface. The fibrils are made up of bundles of narrow hyphae, or the surface of the stipe may be covered with short caulocystidia. The fungus can be readily identified as a species of Panellus. The size of the spores, the absence of distinctive cheilocystidia, and the thin-walled pileipellis as well as the more robust form of the basidiome distinguish it from Panellus stypticus (Bull.: Fr.) P. Karst. which is also present in New Zealand and described by Petersen and Bennudes (1992).

The new combination proposed for this fungus is as follows: Panellus crawfordii (Stevenson) Segedin, Buchanan & Wilkie, comb. nov.

australia: south Australia, Lake Bonney, (holotype).

new zealand: north [.: auckland—Clevedon, E.E. Chamberlain, 3. iv. 1966, PDD 25153; Waitakere Range, Karekare, Zion Hill Track, B.S. Parris, 27. iv. 1971, PDD 25043; Auckland City, Epsom, Silver Rd, B.P. Segedin, 25. xi. 1977, PDD 59208; Kawau 1., collector unknown, 17 v 1978, PDD 59209; Waiti, near Kawakawa Bay, C. Barber, 6. ii. 1978, PDD 59210; Waitakere Range, Karekare, Zion Hill Track, G.M. Taylor, 1. vi. 1986, PDD 59211; I.e., P.K. Buchanam, 10. ii. 1987, PDD 48110; cultivated basidiome from same collection, PDD 59212; Piha, Winstone Track, P.K. Buchanam, 10. ii. 1987, PDD 48127; cultivated basidiome from same collection, PDD 59757; Piha, Home Track, B.P. Segedin, 20. iii. 1988, PDD 59213; Muriwai, Mitchelson Track, GM. Taylor, 18. ii. 1989, PDD 59214; Whangaparaoa Peninsula, Shakespear Heritage Trail, P.K.C. Austwick 30. xi. 1991, PDD 59215; coromandel—Te Kume, P. Fry, 2. vi. 1974, PDD 32358; WANGANUI—Operiki Pa, S. Davidson, 2. ii. 1966, PDD 25043; wellington— Muritai, Butterfly Creek, M. Curran, 12. ii. 1958, Stevenson 1246 (as P. ostreatus forma), K.

NZ material: Pileus 25-150 (-180) mm in diameter, spathulate to more or less flabelliform, broadly convex to nearly plane, or shallowly to deeply depressed; colour yellow brown, linoleum brown (5E7, K & W) with olive tints, yellow towards the stipe (PDD 59208), greyish yellow brown (PDD 59214), dark yellow brown (6E5, K & W) (PDD 59215), pale brown, autumn leaf (PDD 59211), dark cigar brown, yellow near stipe (PDD 59213), dark reddish brown (8E5, K & W) (PDD 59211); smooth, with a silky sheen when dry, bearing numerous very fine, cottony hairs; margin strongly inrolled especially when young, sometimes only slightly so when fully expanded, entire. In dried material, pileus fawn, grey brown, dark brown (6E5, 7E5, 7E6, K & W) sepia. Lamellae decurrent, white to cream (4A5, K & W), drying buff to fulvous, broad (10-12 mm), moderately crowded, fairly thick, in three or four series; edges even, sometimes finely fimbriate under lens, concolorous. Stipe short, 40 x 35 mm, lateral, excentric or almost central, but sometimes absent, giving way to thickened point of attachment, cream in colour, ribbed to reticulate in upper portion from ends of decurrent lamellae, more or less white tomentose towards base. Flesh thin towards margin, fleshy and firm near attachment, white. Taste slightly astringent on chewing. Smell often none, or sweetish, or slight fragrance of grass. Spore print white, becoming pale buff in storage.

Basidia, cheilocystidia, and pleurocystidia as in the type. Trama and context monomitic; in sections of the context taken near the lamellae are found a few thick-walled, narrow hyphal endings. No oleiferous hyphae present. On the surface of the pileus is a layer of intermeshed hyphae of cells 5-6 X 25-40 µm, all with brownish, plasmatic pigment and many of them with brown, lightly encrusted walls. In some basidiomes (particularly those produced in culture) pilocystidia like the cheilocystidia can be found. Stipe tomentum variable in development, sometimes giving a strongly hirsute appearance. Constituent hyphae as in the holotype.

Holotype: Cooke (1886) described P. australis as 'P. fleshy, convex, smooth, umber (2-3 in.), stem somewhat lateral, short, thick, clad with white tomentum, solid (about an inch long and thick), gills broad, distant, decurrent, spores cylindric-elliptic, straight or curved, 16-18 X 4 µm.'

The exsiccatus shows a pileus 55 mm diameter, dark reddish brown, smooth, dry, fleshy; margin distinctly inrolled; lamellae decurrent, extending in shallow ridges down the stipe, broad (4-5 mm), distant, dark ochraceous; stipe short, 18 mm long by 5-15 mm wide, solid, pale ochraceous, with ridges from the decurrent lamellae in the upper half, faintly anastomosing, tomentose at the base.

Spores 10.5-14 X 4-6 (12.3 X 4.5) µm, Q = 2.7, hyaline, cylindrical, thin-walled, inamyloid, not dextrinoid, variable in size; basidia 30-45 X 7.5 µm, club-shaped, usually with four fairly stout sterigmata, but possibly occasionally also with two; cheilocystidia forming a broad band, arising from narrow, parallel, radiating hyphae, 16-25 X 5 µm, typically clavate, extended apically, or mucronate, with a small swelling at the apex, sometimes surrounded by a small globule of mucus, hyaline, thin-walled; pleurocystidia occasional, club-shaped, 20-30 X 2-6 µm, with 2 or 3 apical processes; sub-hymenium moderately wide (35 µm), filamentous; trama of hyaline, thin-walled, uniform generative hyphae 5-6 µm in diameter, approximately parallel in an undulating pattern, descending; context of hyaline, thin-walled generative hyphae, mostly 7.5 µm in diameter, forming a close network; clamp connections present on all hyphae; oleiferous hyphae absent. Pileipellis a mesh of slightly thick-walled, branching hyphae with yellowish pigment. Stipe tomentum made up of bundles of narrow, thin-walled, clamped, hair-like hyphae of varying lengths and 2-3 um in diameter.

australia—on roots of Leptospermum in S. Australia (holotype). new zealand—in indigenous forest, growing on the wood of Leptospermum scoparium J.R, & G. Forst, Kunzea ericoides (A. Rich.) Joy Thomps., Corynocarpus laevigatus J.R. & G. Forst. and Sophora microphylla Alton, occasionally on the ground from buried roots. The basidiomes may be solitary or in imbricate clusters. Corner (1981) did not name the host wood in Malaysia.

Collections Examined

new zealand: kermadec is.—Raoul 1., Terraces, on Araucaria heterophylla, e.h.c. mcKenzie, 20. ix. 1988, PDD 55006: ibid., on Rhopalostylis baueri var. cheesemanii, 20. ix. 1988, PDD 55042; north L: northland—Dargaville, oil Cordyline australis, JM. Cox, 15. i. 1990, PDD 57423; Hen 1., summit ridge, on C. australis, R.E. Beever, 31. xii. 1990, PDD 59756; Poor Knights Is, Tawhiti Rahi, near Muff, on Corynocarpus laevigatus, R.E. Beever. 26. iv. 1991, PDD 58768; ibid., Charles Stm, on dead C. australis or C. kaspar, R.E. Beever, 16. iv. 1991, PDD 59679; auckland—Waitakere Range, Karamatura Track, on unidentified log, J.A. Ratlenbury, B.P. Segedin, 27. xi. 1986, PDD 59683; Kaipara Harbour, Waionui Inlet, on C. australis, R.E. Beever, 21. xi. 1987, PDD 48364; Auckland Airport, on C. australis, P.K. Buchanan, 12. ii. 1988, PDD 48658; Orewa, Centreway Rd, on C. australis, J. Rees-George, 1. vi. 1988, PDD 54490; Hauraki Gulf, Tiritiri Matangi 1., P.K. Buchanan, on C. australis, 14. ii. 1988, PDD 48644; Filth of Thames, vie. Kaiaua, on dead C. australis, P.K. Buchanan, 1. ii. 1989, PDD 57424; Mt Roskill, Ambury Ave, on C. kaspar x C. australis, R.E. Beever, 2. iv. 1989, PDD 59681; Mt Albert, Hampstead Rd, on C. australis, R.E. Beever, 1. v. 1989, PDD 59755; Mt Albert, Haverstock Rd, R.E. Beever, 5. v. 1989, PDD 59756; Mt Roskill, Nash Rd, on C. australis, P.K. Buchanan. 4. v. 1989, PDD 58403; New Windsor, Westminster St. on roots of Araucaria heterophylla, J. Rees-George. 13. iii. 1990, PDD 57421; Mt Eden, Landscape Rd, on C. australis, B.P. Segedin, 20. i. 1991, PDD 59684; Auckland, on Liquidamber styraciflua. J.A. Gunton, 11. ii. 1991, PDD 58730; Waiake, James Way, O.R.W. Sutherland, 8. iv. 1991, PDD 58770; Waitakere Range, Piha Valley Track, on unknown wood, H. Kitahara et al.. 15. v. 1991, PDD 58769; Mt Albert, on C. australis, P.K. Buchanan, 10. iii. 1992, PDD 60289.
Pileus 20-250 X 10-200 mm, often very large, spathulate, flabelliform to dimidiate, convex to nearly flat when old, solitary or imbricate, nearly white when young, becoming greyish brown (5C4, K. & W) near margin and pale golden brown near point of attachment; surface dry, matt, radially finely fibrillose, sometimes with very fine, appressed squamules towards attachment, drying pale yellowish brown (5B5, 6, K & W) to grey brown; margin very slightly inrolled to nearly straight, sometimes lobed, and occasionally split when older. Lamellae decurrent, not anastomosing, in 4 or 5 (or 6) series, white, becoming cream with age and handling, narrow (2 mm) in smaller basidiomes, wider (-5 mm) in larger ones, thin, crowded; margin very finely fimbriate under a lens in fresh state. Stipe always lateral, usually short 10-20 X 10-20 mm, but sometimes up to 50 mm long, sometimes lacking, white; surface downy to strigose. Flesh solid, white, thick (5 mm) in small specimens, thinner in larger ones. Smell slightly fruity, taste sweet. Spore print deep cream. Spores 8-9.5 X 3.5-4.5 (8.6 X 3.9)µm, Q = 2.2, oblong-cylindrical, sometimes slightly longer and narrower in older basidiomes, hyaline, not dextrinoid or amyloid, thin-walled; apiculus distinct but not very broad. Basidia clavate, 22-25 X 6µm, extending as they mature to 35 µm, with 2-4 very fine sterigmata, collapsing very readily. Cheilocystidia very variable in shape, but basically of two kinds. The larger are 20-45µm in length, variable in width (up to 10 µm), hyaline, clavate, pyriform, sphaero-pedunculate or obclavate, often curved or geniculate, thin-walled, in clusters like incipient hyphal pegs, scattered along lamellar edge, responsible for the finely fimbriate edge seen under a lens in young specimens, but collapsing readily with age. Between the clusters of larger cheilocystidia are small, fusoid cystidia 15-25 X 5-10 µn, lageniform to mucronate, sometimes capitulate apically or with short, branched, apical protuberances. All cheilocystidia arise from a band of long, narrow, parallel hyphae running radially along lamellar margin. Pleurocystidia are difficult to define; some versiform structures present among the basidia and of the same length could be interpreted as basidioles. Subhymenium a narrow (20-25 µm wide) zone of short, branched hyphae, cellular to filamentous near the trama. Trama irregular, with a tendency towards radiate development in older basidiomes, monomitic at first but becoming quite strongly dimitic, with skeletal hyphae becoming dominant in older basidiomes. Skeletal hyphae 2-6 nm in diameter, varying in length up to 1000 µm, terminal in origin, becoming very thick-walled, slightly contorted to 'arboriform' (Hilber 1982), occasionally producing short, stumpy side branches. The rest of the trama consists of generative hyphae 3-4 µm in diameter with conspicuous clamp connections, thin-walled at first, becoming sclerified. Context similar to trama but more loosely interwoven, with many skeletal hyphae, somewhat straighter than those in trama, mixed with thin-walled generative hyphae; occasionally a few somewhat contorted oleiferous hyphae are found. Pileipellis a narrow zone of more or less parallel, narrow (up to 4 µm in diameter), thin-walled hyphae coloured faintly brown, with clamp connections. Some erect hyphal endings have very narrow, mucronate tips and some are aggregated into the small, appressed squamules towards the stipe. Stipe tissues comprising thin-walled generative hyphae 4-7 µm in diameter and arboriform skeletals 2-4 µm in diameter, very long, thick-walled and aseptate, in approximately equal proportions. Tomentose covering of stipe, when present, consisting of bundles of thin-walled, clamped hyphae 3-4 µm in diameter.
Primarily on dead Cordyline australis, where it may occur in great abundance for two or more seasons after the death of the tree. Also recorded on Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco, Corynocarpus laevigatus, Leptospermum scoparium, Liquidamber styraciflua L. and Rhopalostylis baueri (Hook. f.) H. Wendi. & Drude var. cheesmanii (Becc. ex Cheeseman) Sykes.
new zealand: north l: auckland—Kaukapakapa, on wood of Eucalyptus sp., J. Cole, 22. xi. 1970, PDD 59217; Waitakere Ra., Piha. White's Track, on Leptospermum, B.P. Segedin, v. 1973, PDD 56780; Cascades Reserve, on Leptospermum, unknown collector, 6. iv. 1986, PDD 59218; Warkworth, Woodcocks Rd, on Cordyline australis, J. Rees-George, 2. vi. 1988, PDD 54491; Muriwai, Mitchelson Track, G.M. Taylor, 18. xi. 1989, PDD 59216; wairarapa—Dannevirke, W. Colenso, no date, Colenso b908, PDD 44872 (as P. applicatus-, 'near Pterostylis on dead Ti log' (Cordyline australis), W. Colenso, no date, Colenso b876, PDD 58863 (as P. salignus), no collecting details, W. Colenso b652, PDD 61130 (as P.flabellatus), wellington—Levin, on fallen wood of Sophora"., E. Parsons, 20. xi. 1948, Stevenson 461, Holotype, K; south l.: dunedin—Dunedin City, on fallen wood, W. Stevenson, 14. xii. 1947, Stevenson 219, K.
Description of Holotype

Stevenson (1964) described this species as follows' Pileus 7-12 cm diam., creamy fawn, orbicular with margin down-rolled at first and later splitting, smooth, dull, pellicle peeling; flesh creamy white. Gills decurrent to deeply decurrent, creamy, moderately crowded, thin, deep, margins becoming lacerate. Stipe 8 X 8 mm., to 1X 1.5 cm., lateral. Spores 9-11 X 4—4.5 µm., non-amyloid, thin-walled. Hymenophoral trama subregular with some thick-walled hyphae. Cuticle of mainly parallel or loosely woven hyphae with clamp-connections.'

additional text on holotype missing

Description of additional NZ collection

Basidiomes solitary or sometimes somewhat imbricate; pileus 30-150 X 40-150 mm, spathulate to flabelliform, sometimes excentrically stipitate, ochraceous (6C5-6B4, K & W), pale yellow brown, darker when wet or grey yellow (4C3, K & W), darker towards margin, paler towards stipe, drying ochraceous, dry, smooth, matt to finely fibrillose, sometimes faintly pellucid striate at margin; margin plane, cracking radially. Lamellae decurrent, white to grey becoming yellow, broad, relatively thin, crowded, in three series. In most dried material, lamellae becoming encrusted at edges. Stipe short and fat or almost indistinguishable, lateral to excentric, 20 X 20 mm, concolorous with pileus, some lamellae running almost to base, not anastomosing, sometimes slightly tomentose at base. Flesh cream, thin. Taste pleasant, smell slightly mealy or woody. Spore print white, becoming cream.

Spores 7-12 X 3.5-5 (9.2 X 4.1) µm, Q = 2.3, oblong to cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, inamyloid and not dextrinoid. Basidia 22-30 X 5-6 µm, clavate, with four sterigmata, not surviving well in dried material. Cheilocystidia 12-17 X 4-6 µm, basically oblong-clavate with a mucronate tip, occasionally bifurcating at tip, hyaline, thin-walled, forming a distinct layer at lamellar margin but not extending back over lamellar face. Pleurocystidia seen in only one collection (PDD 59218), 40 x 4 µm, cylindrical, with a septum near base. Trama of roughly parallel hyphae following a wavy pattern, thin-walled, 3-6 µm in diameter, with conspicuous, almost medallion clamp connections; occasional oleiferous hyphae present, but not invariably. Subhymenium well developed, 35 µm wide, sub-cellular, with spaces between. Context a very loosely interwoven network of hyphae 4-6 µm in diameter, with very conspicuous clamp connections and some thickening of walls (sclerified generative hyphae of Hilber 1982), some with thick-walled tapering ends. A well developed system of oleiferous hyphae, very irregular in shape, 2-9 µm in diameter, very contorted, and with yellowish oily contents, particularly abundant just below pileipellis in one collection (PDD 59217). Pileipellis a layer of thin-walled, faintly yellow repent hyphae. Some emergent hyphae, both thin- and thickish-walled (but not encrusted), sometimes seen on surface.

On dead wood of Sophora sp. (holotype), Leptospermum scoparium. Eucalyptus sp., Cordyline australis, in forest of indigenous and introduced trees. All collections are of one or at most two basidiomes, suggesting that the fungus is not gregarious.
new zealand: north i.: auckland—Mt Roskill, Ambury Ave, on Cassia corymbosa, R.E. Beever, 21. iii. 1988, PDD 48751; Mt Albert, Mt Albert Research Centre grounds, on Acacia sp., B.T. Hawthorne, II. viii. 1989, PDD 57418; Kohimarama, Sprott Rd, on Cordyline australis, S. Eustace, 20. xii. 1994, PDD 63791; Rodney County, on C. australis, T. Thornewell, 1994, PDD 63792.
Pileus 60 x 90 mm in dried state, considerably larger when fresh, very pale fawn, smooth, dry, with no scurfy material near attachment as in P. opuntiae, margin inrolled at first but becoming straight to uplifted. In cultivated basidiomes, pileus 25-120 mm in diameter, almost white to greyish with pale grey, innate fibrils, smooth, dry; margin inrolled at first, becoming straight and slightly lobed. Lamellae decurrent, crowded, in five series, intervenose towards base of stipe, fairly broad (up to 5 mm in dried state) but not very thick, white to pale cream (cultivated basidiomes), drying ivory (PDD 57418) or ochraceous (PDD 48751, older specimen); margin smooth; face appearing velvety under X40 magnification. Stipe subcentric (in cultivated basidiomes) or excentric but never completely lateral, short (15 X 12 mm dried, 5-25 X 12 mm fresh cultivated), hirsute to long strigose especially in some basidiomes, the hairs fairly stout and white. Some suggestion of a ring on stipe in one fresh cultivated basidiome. Flesh white, thick (3-7 mm), soft and punky. Smell and taste unknown. Spore print white becoming pale cream. Spores 8.5-11 X 3.5-5 (9.75 X 4.5) µm, Q = 2.1, variable in size, oblong elliptical to cylindrical, hyaline, not dextrinoid or amyloid, smooth, with a distinct, fairly broad apiculus. Basidia 30-50 X 6-7 µm, clavate, 2-4 spored, clamped at base. Cheilocystidia 14-25 X 7-8 µm, cylindrical to typically clavate, smooth, some with mucronate apex, small capitellum and mucus droplet, clamped at base, in a thick layer. Pleurocystidia common in some young basidiomes, 25-40 X 5-9 µm, fusiform to clavate, in clusters, sometimes with branching, apical prolongations (? the 'pegs' of Hilber 1982), probably overgrown by elongating basidia in older basidiomes, also seen on stipe lamellae. Also on lamellar face may be found some elongate cells, about twice length of basidia, clavate, thin-walled, collapsing easily, probably responsible for fine-velvety appearance as seen under a lens. Subhymenium narrow (up to 20 µm wide), cellular, the hyphae 2-4 µm in diameter. Trama of sclerified, generative hyphae of uniform diameter (4-6 µm), fairly loosely woven, irregular, but with a tendency towards radial growth, especially towards margin; no oleiferous hyphae seen. Context a very loose network of thick-walled generative hyphae 5-8 µm in diameter, with some sclerified tapering ends. Oleiferous hyphae fairly numerous, but contents not conspicuously yellow in KOH. Pileipellis not highly differentiated, with hyphae more or less parallel, slightly narrower and thinner-walled than in context, scarcely coloured, the contents with refractive dots. Stipe of some thin and some very thick-walled generative hyphae. Strigose hairs composed of bundles of narrow, clamped hyaline hyphae, uniformly 4 µm in diameter, fairly strongly agglutinated, with minute oil droplets in cytoplasm when young.
On introduced hosts. Cassia corymbosa Lamarck cv. John Ball and Acacia sp., in suburban gardens, and on native Cordyline australis.

new zealand: north L: taupo—Tongariro National Park, Whakapapanui Stream, on wood of dead Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Poole, B.P. Segedin, 28. v. 1980, PDD 44961 (holotype of P. rattenburyi), Tongariro National Park, Whakapapaiti Stream, on N. solandri var. cliffortioides, B.P. Segedin 1957, 24. v. 1984; Tongariro National Park, Soda Springs track, on N. solandri var. cliffortioides, J.B. Taytor, 13. vi. 1971, PDD 29255. wellington—York Bay, on Nothofagus trunk, E.H. Atkinson. 26. vi. 1922, PDD 655; Levin, on tree lucerne stump, A.S. Wilkinson, G. Stevenson 874, K; Butterfly Creek, on fallen wood, J. McCan in Stevenson 323, 26. vi. 1948, K (holotype of P. purpureo-olivaceus). south i .: buller—Lake Daniels Tr„ on rotten N. menziesii, R.F.R. McNabb, 16. v. 1969, PDD 31357.

australia: tasmania—Mt Dromedary, on dead wood, Rodway Collection no. 146, HO.

Basidiomes pleurotoid, sometimes imbricate; stipe present, strongly excentric to almost lateral. Pileus 10-70 mm wide by 30-56 mm long, broadly spathulate to flabelliform, broadly convex to flat, rubbery in texture; surface matt, uniformly dark violet to deep brownish violet (15F7-14F5, K & W), retaining colour on drying, smooth and moist but not viscid; margin slightly inrolled when young, distinctly straight at maturity. Lamellae decurrent, 3-4 mm wide, pale silvery grey, thin, crowded, alternating with lamellulae of 3-4 lengths, some bifurcating towards stipe; edges very even. Stipe lateral, short, 5-15 mm x 5-10 mm wide, solid, pruinose, lilac-grey with yellowish tints (amber yellow, K & W 4B6) at the base. Flesh thin, grey. Spore print white. Smell and taste none.

Spores 6.5 - 9 x 4.5-5 (7.6 x 4.7)µm, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid, cylindrical-elliptic to slightly phaseoliform, collapsing easily. Basidia 37-40 x 6-8 µm, elongate-clavate, hyaline, sometimes with granular contents, 4-spored. Gill edge sterile; cheilocystidia crowded, varied in shape, cylindric-clavate, more strongly clavate to broadly lageniform, 25 x 3-7 µm, thin-walled, hyaline, all with conspicuous clamps at base; pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a thick parallelocutis of distinctive incrusted to banded, clamped hyphae 4-7 µm diam., incrustations or bands deep purple-black in 3% KOH, congo red or Melzer's solution. Context just-below the pileipellis of sub-parallel, light brown (some incrusted), somewhat gelatinous hyphae 2-4 µm diam; rest of context hyaline, thin-walled interwoven hyphae 4-6 (-7) µm diam, with occasional oleiferous hyphae with cyanophilic contents. Lamellar trama similar to context but with scattered incrusted cells appearing dark blackish-brown in 3% KOH and Melzer's solution; subhymenium well-developed, pseudoparenchymatous.

Stipe surface densely covered with distinctive coralloid clusters of short caulocystidia 11-35 x 7 µm, hyaline, with large clamp connections; some cystidia with thickened walls, others with hair like extensions.

Mainly on wood of Nothofagus species; one record on tree lucerne
NEW Zealand: NORTH I.: auckland—Waitakere Range, Bethells Beach, B. P. Segedin, 21. iv, 1978, Holotype. PDD 59757.
Basidiome caespitose. Pileus 30-10 x 20-80 mm, convex, sub orbicular to flabelliform; surface dark grey, covered with fine greyish, floccose squamules when young, smooth when old, drying deep orange brown (7E5, K & W); margin strongly inrolled, with well developed velar remnants when young, less so with age, not lobed. Lamellae drab white, drying greyish orange (6B6, K & W), in five series, decurrent, very narrow, fairly thick, anastomosing towards stipe and continuing down it as ridges. Stipe cylindric, solid, strongly excentric, up to 20 mm long by 12 mm wide, pale brown with yellowish tinges towards lamellae, tomentose to strigose towards base. Partial veil well developed, ephemeral, fibrillose, not leaving a recognisable ring. Smell and taste not noticeable. Spore print unknown. Spores 6.5-10 X 3.5-4.5 (8.75 X 3.75) µm, Q = 2.3, variable in size, oblong to oblong-cylindric, hyaline, sometimes with granular contents, smooth, thin-walled, with a broad apiculus. Basidia 30-37 X 5-6 µm, narrowly clavate, 2- and 4-spored. Cheilocystidia 8-25 X 3-8 µm, abundant, crowded to form a sterile, lamellar edge, narrowly clavate to cylindric with a mucronate apex, extending to a narrow finger-like process, sometimes with a small capitellum, almost always surrounded by a drop of mucilage, sometimes the mucus from adjacent cystidia merging to form an irregular blob with 2 or more capitella visible inside. Digitate apical process with mucus blob often breaking away from apex of cystidium and floating free, looking rather like a conidium. No true conidia found on any part of basidiome. Pleurocystidia rare, broadly finger-like, aseptate or sometimes uniseptate, occasionally branching at apex. Subhymenium up to 20 µm wide, of narrow pseudoparenchymatous hyphae. Trama irregular, monomitic, with thin-walled, clamped hyphae, 2-6 µm in diameter. Context monomitic, of thin-walled, interwoven hyphae with clamps, 3-7 µm in diameter, their walls thickening with age, sometimes narrow-tipped with granular contents; a few oleiferous hyphae present. Pileipellis a broad, repent cutis up to 50 µm wide, of narrow, parallel, brownish, thick-walled hyphae, 3-5 µm in diameter. Young specimens with a suprapellis of greyish, thin-walled, sometimes finely encrusted hyphae, 4-5 µm in diameter, with clavate ends (up to 7 µm in diameter) which make up small squamules visible on pileus. Stipe tissue composed of hyphae 3-9 µm in diameter, the broader ones thin-walled and with clamp-connections, the narrower ones terminal, aseptate, with thick walls and a tendency towards arboriform structure. Tomentose hairs towards base composed of bundles of thin-walled, clamped hyphae of fairly uniform diameter (5 µm).
On dead wood in coastal forest.
Basidiomata caespitosa. Pileus 30-40 X 20-80 mm, convexus, sub-orbicularis vel flabelliformis, plumbeus, squamulosus, subgriseus, floccosus in juventute, demum laevis: margo fortiter incurvata primo, vestigiis appendiculatis veli in juventute, evanescentibus in senectute. Lamellae albidae, in sicco griseo-aurantiacae, decurrentes, crassae, perangustae, seriebus quinque, anastomosantes ad stipitem. Stipes 20X12 mm, fortiter excentricus, cylindricus, bubalinus, tomentosus vel strigosus ad basim. Velum partiale evolutum, fibrillosum, evanescens sine annulo residuo. Odor et sapor baud conspicui. Caro alba. Sporae 6.5-10 X 3.5-4.5 (8.75 X 3.75) µm, hyalinae, amplitudine admodum variabiles, oblongae vel cylindraceae, baud amyloidiae, laeves, pariete tenui, apiculo lato. Basidia 30-37 x 5-6 µm, anguste clavata, bi- vel tetraspora; cheilocystidia 8—25 X 3-8 µm, larga, aggregata in acie sterili lamellarum, anguste clavata vel cylindracea, apice mucronata vel digitiformi, interdum capitello parvo, plerumque gutta mucilagina, apex mucifer interdum caducus. Pleurocystidia rara, late digitiformia, interdum uni-septata, plerumque ramosa in apicem. Subhymenium angustum, usque 20 µm latum, parenchymatum. Trama irregularis, ex hyphis fibulatis, parietibus tenuibus. Contextus tramae similis sed hyphis incrassescentibus in senectute; aliquot hyphae oleosae adsunt. Pileipellis ex hyphis angustis, brunneolis, repentibus; suprapellis squamulosa ex hyphis griseis, interdum leviter incrustatis, clavatis in extremis. Tomentum stipitis ex fascibus hypharum angustatis (5 µm), fibulatis. Ad lignum putrescente in silva littorali.
holotype: PDD 59757.

Click to collapse Identification keys Info

Pleurotus

1
Basidiome with an appendiculate veil, this disappearing early
Basidiome without veil
2
2 (1)
Pileus dark, olivaceous, purple or umber
3
Pileus pale, cream, greyish fawn or yellowish fawn
4
3 (2)
Basidiome rubbery, purple olivaceous; lamellae greyish
Basidiome fleshy, dark yellow brown to umber; lamellae white or cream
4 (2)
Basidiome creamy yellow, of soft consistency; oleiferous hyphae abundant
Basidiome shades of grey fawn, of firm consistency; oleiferous hyphae few or absent
5
5 (4)
Stipe small or absent; lamellae narrow and crowded; tissues dimitic
Stipe usually present, sublateral or excentric; lamellae fairly broad; tissues monomitic

Click to collapse Metadata Info

1cb0faec-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c
reference
Names_Fungi
18 March 2001
26 September 2003
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